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U. S. OBSIDIAN SOURCE CATALOG # WWW.SOURCECATALOG.COM OREGON OBSIDIAN SOURCES WHITEWATER RIDGE ALTERNATE NAMES: Bear Valley, Foster Spring, John Day, Juniper Spring, Variety 1, Juniper Spring, Variety 2, Little Bear Creek, Parish Cabin Campground, Seneca, Whitewater Spring, Whitewater Spring 2. LOCATION - COUNTY: Grant, Malheur. ACCESS AND OWNERSHIP: Malheur National Forest. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS: Pam Endzweig, Don Hann, John Shaefer. REFERENCES Ambroz, Jessica A. 1997 Characterization of Archaeologically Significant Obsidian Sources in Oregon by Neutron Activation Analysis. Unpublished Master’s Thesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri. Armitage, Charles L. 1995 An Archaeological Analysis of Central Oregon Upland Prehistory. Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon. Baxter, Paul W., Thomas J. Conolly, and Craig E. Skinner 2015 Obsidian Use in the Willamette Valley and Adjacent Western Cascades of Oregon. In Toolstone Geography of the Pacific Northwest, edited by Terry L. Ozbun and Ron L. Adams, pp. 218-233. Archaeology Press, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia. Bennett, Roy B. and J. M. D'Auria 1974 The Application of Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy to Determining the Provenience of Obsidian. International Journal of Applied Radiation and Isotopes 25:361-371. Boula, Kathryn 2013 An Overview of the Drift Fence Site (35UM169): An Upland Camp in the Blue Mountains, Northeastern Oregon. Current Archaeological Happenings in Oregon 38(1):8-24. Bransford, Gordon and G. Head 1975 Report on an Obsidian Quarry Source and Associated Artifact Types in Central Oregon (Abstract). Washington Archaeologist 19(2). Cadena, Guadalupe P. 2012 Hunter-Gatherers, Mobility, and Obsidian Procurement: A View from the Malheur Headwaters, Northeast Oregon. Unpublished Master's Thesis, Department of Anthropology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas. 2012 The Malheur Headwaters, Northeast Oregon. Current Archaeological Happenings in Oregon 37(4):3-6. Carlson, Roy L. 1994 Trade and Exchange in Prehistoric British Columbia. In Prehistoric Exchange Systems in North America, edited by Timothy G. Baugh and Jonathon E. Ericson, pp. 307-361. Plenum Press, New York, New York. Connolly, Thomas J., Craig E. Skinner, and Paul W. Baxter 2015 Ancient Trade Routes for Obsidian Cliffs and Newberry Volcano Toolstone in the Pacific Northwest. In Toolstone Geography of the Pacific Northwest, edited by Terry L. Ozbun and Ron L. Adams, pp. 180-192. Archaeology Press, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia. 1 U. S. OBSIDIAN SOURCE CATALOG # WWW.SOURCECATALOG.COM D'Auria, John M., Malcolm A. James, and Dorothy Godfrey-Smith 1992 A Library of Trace Element Characterisations for Volcanic Glasses from North-Western North America Using X-Ray Fluorescence. Report prepared for the British Columbia Heritage Trust by the Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, British Columbia, Canada. Endzweig, Pamela E. 1994 Late Archaic Variability and Change on the Southern Columbia Plateau: Archaeological Investigations in the Pine Creek Drainage of the Middle John Day River, Wheeler County, Oregon. Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon. Erlandson, Jon M., R. E. Hughes, C. E. Skinner, M. L. Moss, and J. Boughton 1991 Trace Element Composition of Obsidian Artifacts from the Beaverdam Creek Site (35CR29), Central Oregon. Current Archaeological Happenings in Oregon 16(2):9-11. Ericson, Jonathon E. 1977 Evolution of Prehistoric Exchange Systems: Results of Obsidian Dating and Tracing. Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles, California. 1981 Exchange and Production Systems in Californian Prehistory: The Results of Hydration Dating and Chemical Characterization of Obsidian Sources. BAR International Series 110, Oxford, England. Fiebelkorn, Robin B., George W. Walker, Norman S. MacLeod, Edwin H. McKee, and James G. Smith 1982a An Index to K-Ar Age Determinations for the State of Oregon. U.S. Geological Open-File Report 82-596. 1982b Index to K-Ar Determinations for the State of Oregon. Isochron/West 37. Kassa, Sonja C. 2014 The Archaeology of Obsidian Occurrence in Stone Tool Manufacture and Use Along the Mid-Columbia River, Washington. Unpublished Master’s Thesis, Department of Resource Management, Central Washington University, Ellensburg, Washington. Kassa, Sonja C. and Patrick T. McCutcheon 2016 The Archaeology of Obsidian Occurrence in Stone Tool Manufacture and Use Along Two Reaches of the Northern Mid-Columbia River, Washington. Journal of Northwest Anthropology 50:79-102. Lyons, William H., Scott P. Thomas, and Craig E. Skinner 2001 Changing Obsidian Sources at the Lost Dune and McCoy Creek Sites, Blitzen Valley, Southeastern Oregon. Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology 23:273-296. Minor, Rick 2013 Great Basin Obsidian at The Dalles: Implications for the Emergence of Elites in the Southwestern Plateau. Journal of Northwest Anthropology 47:25-46. Musil, Robert R. and Brian O'Neill 1997 Source and Distribution of Archaeological Obsidian in the Umpqua River Basin of Southwest Oregon. In Contributions to the Archaeology of Oregon: 1995-1996, edited by Albert Oetting, pp. 123-162. Association of Oregon Archaeologists Occasional Papers No. 6, Eugene, Oregon. Parfitt, Anne B. and Patrick T. McCutcheon 2017 Chemical Sourcing of Obsidian Artifacts from the Grissom Site (45-KT-301) to Study Source Variability. Journal of Northwest Anthropology 51:37-72. Sappington, Robert L. 1981 A Progress Report on the Obsidian and Vitrophyre Sourcing Project. Idaho Archaeologist 4(4)4-17. Skinner, Craig E. 1983 Obsidian Studies in Oregon: An Introduction to Obsidian and An Investigation of Selected Methods of Obsidian Characterization Utilizing Obsidian Collected at Prehistoric Quarry Sites in Oregon. Unpublished Master's Terminal Project, Interdisciplinary Studies, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon. 2 U. S. OBSIDIAN SOURCE CATALOG # WWW.SOURCECATALOG.COM 1995a Obsidian Characterization Studies. In Archaeological Investigations, PGT-PG&E Pipeline Expansion Project, Idaho, Washington, Oregon, and California, Volume V: Technical Studies, by Robert U. Bryson, Craig E. Skinner, and Richard M. Pettigrew, pp. 4.1-4.54. Report prepared for Pacific Gas Transmission Company, Portland, Oregon, by INFOTEC Research, Inc., Fresno, California, and Far Western Anthropological Research Group, Davis, California. 1995b Obsidian Hydration Studies. In Archaeological Investigations, PGT-PG&E Pipeline Expansion Project, Idaho, Washington, Oregon, and California, Volume V: Technical Studies, by Robert U. Bryson, Craig E. Skinner, and Richard M. Pettigrew, pp. 5.1-5.51. Report prepared for Pacific Gas Transmission Company, Portland, Oregon, by INFOTEC Research, Inc., Fresno, California, and Far Western Anthropological Research Group, Davis, California. 3 U. S. OBSIDIAN SOURCE CATALOG # WWW.SOURCECATALOG.COM 4