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World History Lecture: World War II Aggression, Appeasement, and War A. WWII fought in: Europe, N. Africa, Asia and the ____________ Islands B. Alliances of WWII i. _________ Powers - Germany, Italy, and Japan ii. Allied Powers - _________, Britain, the Soviet Union, China, and the _______ __________ C. modern technology made World War II more ____________ than any previous war i. faster and more effective airplanes and submarines and increasingly __________bombs, (Germans used ____________) Hitler’s Westward Expansion The Three Fronts of World War II What is Fascism? A. Fascist aggression in the _______ i. ________ – Rhineland, Austria, Czechoslovakia ii. Italy – _________________ iii. Japan – Manchuria and _________ B. _________ Civil War “dress rehearsal” for World War i. Fascists supported General Francisco _______ ii. __________ and volunteers from everywhere went to Spain to fight for the Spanish Republic C. to avoid another major war, western democracies adopted a policy of _____________ but finally declared war when Hitler invaded ________ in September ____ A. Hitler conquered _____________, Denmark, Norway, Luxembourg and the ______________ using Bliztkrieg B. Germany bypasses the _________ __________ and attacked ___________ through Belgium. i. Germany pushed Allies across France to Dunkirk on the _________Channel ii. France _______________ on June 16, ______ a. North – controlled by ___________ b. South – _________ France (puppet state) A. Battle of ____________ i. August 1940-June ______ ii. Sept. 1940 – 1st peace time U.S. _______ iii. Britain never ______ _____ D. U.S. joins the war after it is attacked at _______ ______ i. December ___, _______ E. By _______ the Axis Powers controlled virtually all of western ___________ and North _________.. 1 Why do you think people supported Fascist governments? What does appeasement mean? What were the similarities between the Axis Powers? What were the similarities between the Allies? Why was Blitzkrieg an effective strategy? What treaty did Germany violate when conquering Europe? Why did the Japanese attack the U.S. at Pearl Harbor? The Allied Offensive in Europe The Struggle on the Eastern Front The North African Front World History A. Erwin _________ (“Desert ______”)– secure N. _______ for ___________ Powers B. “Beat __________first” strategy – defeat AXIS Powers in Europe first C. “Operation __________1942 – headed by U.S. general ____________ and British generals Montgomery and Clark i. Rommel ________________________ D. Allies invade _________– surrenders A. 1941 Germany invades the _______________ B. June 1941 Germany attacked __________ i. Operation ______________ a. “__________ _______” policy by USSR b. Stalin asked allies for: -Massive _____ -Recognition of territorial demands in _____________ Europe -Second ________ in western Europe *His requests were _____ met c. The battle for _____________ lasted for 2 year ii. Battle of Stalingrad – October 1942 a. important industrial center b. Nov. 19 Soviets counterattacked c. German army ___________ d. Dramatic _________ in the war A. Operation Overlord (___________) June 6, 1944 i. Cross Channel Allied invasion to retake ______ a. Amphibious assault on ________ and land b. Planned by U.S. General ______________ c. Success depended on 3 conditions -reserve of _________ -secrecy -_______ weather ii. _______broke through the German Defense line a. General _________ led a brilliant assault against France b. _________ was liberated in August of _____ B. The Battle of the________ i. The last German ______________ ii. Germany surrenders May 8, _______ 2 Why do you think the Allies chose to defeat the Axis Powers in Europe first? Why do you think the Allies were so slow in meeting Stalin’s requests? Why was the Battle of Stalingrad a dramatic shift in the war? What does “D-Day” stand for? Why was the strategy of Operation Overlord? Was it successful? Why was the Battle of the Bulge significant? From World War to Cold War The War in the Pacific World History A. By 1942 Japan occupied most of the __________Islands i. Fighting the Japanese was _______ than Europe a. fighting in dense __________ b. U.S. offensive was _______________ landings on small islands c. ______ rather than air supremacy was key B. The Allies go on the _____________ i. Japanese advances were halted by American victories at __________ Island & ________ Sea ii. American forces then took the offensive, “__________ hopping” toward Japan. C. to force Japan to surrender i. United States used a powerful new weapon, the _________ bomb ii. bombed __________ and __________ A. costs of World War II were enormous i. _______ million people dead worldwide ii. millions of _________ iii. lands in Europe and Asia in _________ B. change of international power i. the old European Powers – France, Britain, and Germany – were _________ by the war ii. two new powers – the USSR and the ____ – assumed the dominant role in global politics C. conflicting __________ and mutual _______ led to the _______ _______, which pitted the western democracies, led by the United States, against the ___________ bloc, dominated by the ________ Union Describe the strategy of the Allies in the Pacific. Why was the Battle of Midway a turning point in the war? Why did the U.S. decide to use the atomic bomb on Japan? What accounted for the high casualty rate during WWII? Explain the differences in ideologies between the U.S. and the Soviet Union after WWII. Essential Questions: • How did the aggressors of World War 11 benefit from the policy of appeasement and nonintervention? • How did the geography of the Allied and Axis powers impact diplomacy, military and political decisions during World War 11? • What was the human cost of World War11? 3 World History Check for Understanding Directions: Choose the 8 most important events from World War II. In each box write the name of the event, date of the event and rational for your choice. Event: Date: Rational: Event: Date: Rational: Event: Date: Rational: Event: Date: Rational: Event: Date: Rational: Event: Date: Rational: Event: Date: Rational: Event: Date: Rational: 4