Download PDF version of this tutorial (ADA compliant)

Survey
yes no Was this document useful for you?
   Thank you for your participation!

* Your assessment is very important for improving the work of artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project

page
1
page
2
page
3
page
4
page
5
page
6
page
7
page
8
page
9
page
10
page
11
page
12
page
13
page
14
page
15
page
16
page
17
page
18
page
19
page
20
page
21
page
22
page
23
page
24
page
25
page
26
page
27
page
28
page
29
page
30
page
31
page
32
page
33
page
34
page
35
page
36
page
37
page
38
page
39
page
40
page
41
page
42
page
43
page
44
page
45
page
46
page
47
page
48
page
49
Document related concepts
no text concepts found
Transcript 
Identifying Functional Groups
(Chapter 2 in the Klein text)
Basic Ideas
A functional group is a substructure within a molecule that will
have the potential to undergo chemical change, i.e. the group
has a function.
There are actually dozens of functional groups within the
broader subject of Organic Chemistry, however at the intro
level we focus on fewer than 20. In this tutorial you will find,
and then be quizzed on, these groups.
Alkyl Halides
Must contain a carbon-based group with at least one halogen
Alkenes
Must contain at least one carbon-carbon double bond
Alkynes
Must contain at least one carbon-carbon triple bond
Alcohols
Must contain at least one isolated OH group
Ethers
Contain a C-O-C group that is not connected to C=O
Thiols
Contain an SH group that is not connected to C=O
Sulfides
Feature the C-S-C pattern and are similar to ethers
Aromatics (Arenes)
Will have at least one benzene ring (at this stage)
Ketones
Contain a C=O carbonyl group bonded to 2 other C groups
Aldehydes
Contain a C=O carbonyl group bonded to at least one hydrogen
Carboxylic Acids
Contain a C=O carbonyl group with OH directly attached
Acid (or Acyl) Chlorides
Contain a C=O carbonyl group with Cl directly attached
Acid Anhydrides
Feature two C=O groups joined through O
Esters
A C=O carbonyl group directly attached to OR group
Amides
A C=O carbonyl group directly attached to NR2 group
Amines
N-containing molecules with sp3 N and without the C=O directly attached
Examples of Functional Groups : 1
What is the functional group in the following molecule?
Examples of Functional Groups : 1 answer
What is the functional group in the following molecule?
Amide
Examples of Functional Groups : 2
What is the functional group in the following molecule?
Examples of Functional Groups : 2 answer
What is the functional group in the following molecule?
Sulfide
Examples of Functional Groups : 3
What is the functional group in the following molecule?
Examples of Functional Groups : 3 answer
What is the functional group in the following molecule?
Anhydride
Examples of Functional Groups : 4
Where is the ether functional group in the following molecule?
Examples of Functional Groups : 4 answer
Where is the ether functional group in the following molecule?
Ether
functional
group
Examples of Functional Groups : 5
Where is the amine functional group in the following molecule?
Examples of Functional Groups : 5 answer
Where is the amine functional group in the following molecule?
Amine
functional
group
Examples of Functional Groups : 6
Where is the arene functional group in the following molecule?
Examples of Functional Groups : 6 answer
Where is the arene functional group in the following molecule?
Arene
functional
group
Examples of Functional Groups : 7
Where is the carboxylic acid functional group in the following molecule?
Examples of Functional Groups : 7 answer
Where is the carboxylic acid functional group in the following molecule?
Carboxylic acid
functional
group
Examples of Functional Groups : 8
Where is the alcohol functional group in the following molecule?
Examples of Functional Groups : 8 answer
Where is the alcohol functional group in the following molecule?
Alcohol
functional
group
Examples of Functional Groups : 9
Where is the alkyl halide functional group in the following molecule?
Examples of Functional Groups : 9 answer
Where is the alkyl halide functional group in the following molecule?
Alkyl halide
functional
group
Examples of Functional Groups : 10
Where is the amide functional group in the following molecule?
Examples of Functional Groups : 10 answer
Where is the amide functional group in the following molecule?
Amide halide
functional
group
Examples of Functional Groups : 11
Which functional groups are present in the following molecule?
Examples of Functional Groups : 11 answer
Which functional groups are present in the following molecule?
Amide, amine, alkene and ether
Examples of Functional Groups : 12
Which functional groups are present in the following molecule?
Examples of Functional Groups : 12 answer
Which functional groups are present in the following molecule?
Alcohol, amine, ether and ketone
Examples of Functional Groups : 13
Which functional groups are present in the following molecule?
Examples of Functional Groups : 13 answer
Which functional groups are present in the following molecule?
Sulfide, ketone, amine and arene
Examples of Functional Groups : 14
Which functional groups are present in the following molecule?
Examples of Functional Groups : 14 answer
Which functional groups are present in the following molecule?
Amine, carboxylic acid, thiol and alkene
Examples of Functional Groups : 15
Which functional groups are present in the following molecule?
Examples of Functional Groups : 15 answer
Which functional groups are present in the following molecule?
Amide, alkyl halide, thiol and aromatic ring
You can now apply these patterns to other
complex organic molecules
dr-peter-norris.com
Related documents