Download Optics student outline

Leary’s Brook Jr. High Science Department
Science 8 - Unit 3: Optics Student Outline
Chp 4: Properties of Light
Name: _________________
1.
History of Light
a. Provide examples of ideas and theories of light used in the past to explain
observed properties. (Pythagoras, Michelson) (132-134)
b. Compare the Speed of Light vs. Sound using thunder and lightning as an example.
(135-136)
c. Provide examples of how scientific knowledge of light resulted in the
development of early technologies. (Telescope, Microscope) (133-134)
2.
Properties of Visible Light
a. Define Light as a form of energy that can be detected by the human eye.
b. Identify and describe various Properties of Light (not in text as listed) (148-152
& 173-179)
i. travels in a straight line (rectilinear propagation) e.g. shadow formation
ii. reflects (reflection) e.g. mirrors (specular) and dust (diffuse)
iii. refracts (refraction) e.g. bent stick effect
iv. Disperses (dispersion) e.g. formation of a rainbow as light separates into
its constituent colors.
v. travels through a vacuum (does not require a medium) e.g. light from sun
and stars reaching earth through space
vi. travels to different degrees through transparent, translucent and
opaque materials e.g. window pane, frosted window
c. Define visible light spectrum (149-152)
i. Observe dispersion with a Prism
ii. List constituent colours of visible spectrum in order of degree of
refraction. (ROY G BIV)
d. Define frequency and wavelength. (139-140)
i. Relate colours to wavelength.
ii. Describe inverse relationship between frequency and wavelength.
3.
Electromagnetic Radiation and Spectrum
a. Differentiate between visible light spectrum and electromagnetic spectrum.
(157-158)
b. Describe wavelength, frequency and energy, and provide examples of, the
electromagnetic spectrum (156-164)
i. radio waves (telecommunications)
ii. microwaves (cooking food)
iii. infrared (motion sensors)
iv. visible light
v. ultraviolet (sun tanning)
vi. x-rays (medical detection)
c. Describe positive and negative effects of radiation. (158-164)
Radiation Type
X-Rays
Ultraviolet
Radio Waves
Terms to Know:
Pythagoras
Positive Effect
Medical Scanning
Treat jaundice in babies
Communications
microscope
telescope
refraction
frequency
diffuse
reflection
transparent
visible light
spectrum
wavelength
infrared
ultraviolet
Michelson
vacuum
light
Chp 4 Quiz
Negative Effect
Over exposure can lead to cancer
Skin Cancer
Uncertain of long term exposure effects
translucent
prism
electromagnetic
spectrum
x-rays
rectilinear
propagation
reflection
specular
reflection
dispersion
opaque
constituent
colours
radio waves
medium
inverse
relationship
microwaves
Leary’s Brook Jr. High Science Department
Science 8 - Unit 3: Optics Student Outline
Chp 5: Reflection
Name: _________________
4.
Properties of Reflection
a. Differentiate between specular and diffuse reflection. (176-177)
b. Describe Reflection (178) Define:
i. incident light ray
ii. reflected light ray
iii. normal
iv. angle of incidence
v. angle of reflection
c. State the Law of Reflection (178)
(Note: P. 179-185 will be included with Chp 6 “Refraction”)
5.
Ray Diagrams
a. Plane Mirrors (189-191)
i. Lab (core) – Law of Reflection in Plane Mirrors (192-193+lab sheet)
ii. Use SPOT (size, position, orientation, type) to describe image
properties. (190)
b. Concave Mirrors (inside of metal spoon) (197-203)
i. Define focal point, focal length and the principle axis.
ii. Lab (core) – Locate focal point of a concave mirror.
iii. Construct ray diagrams to describe the image properties (SPOT) in
concave mirrors (object between focal point and mirror • object between
focal point and 2x focal length • object beyond 2x focal length)
c. Convex Mirrors (safety mirror on bus) (204-206)
i. Lab - Locate focal point of a convex mirror.
ii. Construct ray diagrams to describe the image properties (SPOT) in
convex mirrors.
 Mirrors assignment – Ray Diagrams
6.
Optical devices using mirrors.(203, 206)
i. Review different types of optical devices (periscope)
ii. Design and construct an optical device to solve a problem. (256)
Terms to Know:
Reflection
Normal
SPOT
Principle Axis
Chp 5 Quiz
specular
Angle of
Incidence
Concave Mirror
Ray Diagram
diffuse
Angle of
Reflection
Convex Mirror
Optical Device
Incident ray
Law of
Reflection
Focal Point
Reflected Ray
Plane Mirror
Focal Length
Leary’s Brook Jr. High Science Department
Science 8 - Unit 2: Optics Student Outline
Chp 6: Refraction
Name: _________________
7.
Properties of Refraction
a. Identify examples of refraction (bent stick effect) (179)
b. Describe how light is refracted (qualitatively) (179)
c. Define: (180)
i. incident ray
ii. refracted ray
iii. angle of incidence
iv. angle of refraction
d. Use concept of medium/density to describe how speed of light changes
causing refraction. (181)
e. Angles of Incidence and Refraction
8.
Convex Lenses (magnifying glass, eyeglasses) (217-221)
a. Define focal length of a lens Describe how three incident rays refract
through convex lenses. Include the following incident rays:
(a) Traveling parallel to the principal axis
(b) Traveling through the optical centre
(c) Traveling through the focus
b. Construct ray diagrams to describe the image properties (SPOT) in a double
convex lens, when the object’s distance changes. Include:
(a) Object between focal point and lens
(b) Object between focal point and 2x focal length
(C) Object beyond 2x focal length
9.
Concave Lenses (eyeglasses) (221-223)
a. Describe how three incident rays refract through concave lenses. Include
the following incident rays:
(a) traveling parallel to the principal axis
(b) traveling through the optical centre
(c) traveling through the focus
b. Construct ray diagrams to describe the image properties (SPOT) in a double
concave lens, when the object’s distance changes. Include:
(a) object between focal point and lens
(b) object between focal point and 2x focal length
(C) object beyond 2x focal length
c. Describe how lenses correct near-sightedness and far-sightedness.(234)
10.
Optical technologies
a. Describe examples optical technologies. (243-250)
i. telescopes (refracting and reflecting)
ii. microscopes
b. Do core STSE “Fibre Optics”
c. Provide examples related to optics that illustrate that scientific and
technological activities take place individually and in group settings.
i. Galileo – telescope (individual)
ii. Newton – telescope (individual)
iii. Hubble Telescope (group)
iv. Laser technologies (group)
Terms to Know:
Refraction
Normal
Optical
technologies
Unit Test
Refracted Ray
Convex lens
Microscope
Angle of
Refraction
Concave Lens
Reflecting
Telescope
Medium
density
Nearsighted
Refracting
Telescope
Farsighted
Fibre Optics