Download Page 1 A25LAB EXERCISES: UPPER LIMB MUSCLES

REFERENCE DIAGRAMS OF UPPER LIMB MUSCLES: NAMES, LOCATIONS, ATTACHMENTS, FUNCTIONS
MUSCLES CONNECTING THE UPPER LIMB TO THE AXIAL SKELETON
A25LAB EXERCISES: UPPER LIMB MUSCLES
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MUSCLES CONNECTING THE UPPER LIMB TO THE AXIAL SKELETON
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A25LAB EXERCISES: UPPER LIMB MUSCLES
MUSCLES CONNECTING THE SCAPULA AND HUMERUS
A25LAB EXERCISES: UPPER LIMB MUSCLES
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MUSCLES CONNECTING THE SCAPULA AND HUMERUS
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A25LAB EXERCISES: UPPER LIMB MUSCLES
MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR ARM
MUSCLE OF THE POSTERIOR ARM
A25LAB EXERCISES: UPPER LIMB MUSCLES
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MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR FOREARM: LAYER 1
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A25LAB EXERCISES: UPPER LIMB MUSCLES
MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR FOREARM: LAYER 2
MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR FOREARM: LAYER 3
MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR FOREARM: LAYER 3
MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR FOREARM: LAYER 4
A25LAB EXERCISES: UPPER LIMB MUSCLES
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MUSCLES OF THE POSTERIOR FOREARM: LAYER 1
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A25LAB EXERCISES: UPPER LIMB MUSCLES
MUSCLES OF THE POSTERIOR FOREARM: LAYER 1
A25LAB EXERCISES: UPPER LIMB MUSCLES
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MUSCLES OF THE POSTERIOR FOREARM: LAYER 2
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A25LAB EXERCISES: UPPER LIMB MUSCLES
MUSCLES OF THE POSTERIOR FOREARM: LAYER 2
MUSCLES OF THE HAND: Thenar mm.
A25LAB EXERCISES: UPPER LIMB MUSCLES
MUSCLES OF THE HAND: Thenar mm.
MUSCLES OF THE HAND: Thenar mm.
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MUSCLES OF THE HAND: Hypothenar mm.
MUSCLES OF THE HAND: Hypothenar mm.
MUSCLES OF THE HAND: Hypothenar mm.
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A25LAB EXERCISES: UPPER LIMB MUSCLES
MUSCLES OF THE HAND
A25LAB EXERCISES: UPPER LIMB MUSCLES
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LAB ASSIGNMENT 1: UPPER LIMB MUSCLE ATTACHMENTS & FUNCTIONS.
Use an articulated skeleton or diagram(s) with muscle origins and insertions indicated.
(1) For each set of attachments, write the name of the muscle with those attachments in the blank space.
Note: The muscle actually may have more extensive attachments than those listed.
(2) List the primary action(s) of the muscle.
Scapula: subscapular fossa ___________________________________________ Humerus: lesser tubercle
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Scapula: supraspinous fossa _________________________________________ Humerus: greater tubercle
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Scapula: infraspinous fossa __________________________________________ Humerus: greater tubercle
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Scapula: lateral (axillary) border _____________________________________ Humerus: greater tubercle
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Scapula: lateral (axillary) border ________________________________ Humerus: crest of lesser tubercle
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Scapula: coracoid ______________________________________________________________ Ribs: 3-5
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Scapula: coracoid ___________________________________________ Humerus: mid-shaft, medial side.
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Scapula: coracoid ____________________________________(Hint: short head) Radius: radial tuberosity
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Scapula: supraglenoid tubercle __________________________ (Hint: long head) Radius: radial tuberosity
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Scapula: infraglenoid tubercle __________________________________ (Hint: long head) Ulna: olecranon
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Scapula: medial (vertebral) border, posterior surface _______________________ Spinous processes, T2-T5
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Scapula: medial (vertebral) border, posterior surface _______________________ Spinous processes, C7-T1
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Scapula: medial (vertebral) border, anterior surface _________________________________ Ribs 1-8 or 9
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
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A25LAB EXERCISES: UPPER LIMB MUSCLES
Scapula: medial border & superior angle ____________________________ Transverse processes, C1-C4
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Scapula: acromion & spine __________________Vertebral spines C7-T12, occipital, ligamentum nuchae
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Scapula: acromion & spine __________________Vertebral spines C7-T12, occipital, ligamentum nuchae
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Clavicle: anterior border, medial half ________________________________________________________
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Clavicle: anterior border, lateral half ________________________________________________________
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Clavicle: posterior border, lateral half ________________________________________________________
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Humerus: greater tubercle _________________________________________ Scapula: supraspinous fossa
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Humerus: greater tubercle __________________________________________ Scapula: infraspinous fossa
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Humerus: greater tubercle ______________________________________ Scapula: lateral (axillary) border
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Humerus: lesser tubercle: _______________________________________ Scapula: lateral (axillary) border
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Humerus: intertubercular groove, lateral lip __________________ Sternum, costal cartilages 1-6, clavicle
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Humerus: intertubercular groove, medial lip ______________________________ Scapula: axillary border
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Humerus: intertubercular groove, floor __________________ Vertebral spines T7-L5, ribs 9-12, iliac crest
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
What muscle tendon runs in the intertubercular groove ? ________________________________________
Humerus: deltoid tuberosity _____________________ Scapula: spine & acromion; Clavicle: acromial end
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Humerus: mid-shaft, medial side ___________________________________________ Scapula: coracoid
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Humerus: shaft, anterior, lower 2/3rd _________________________________ Ulna: coronoid, tuberosity
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Humerus: shaft, posterior ______________________ & __________________________ Ulna: olecranon
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Humerus: medial epicondyle ______________________________________________ Radius: mid-shaft
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Humerus: medial epicondyle _____________________________________________ Metacarpals 2 & 3
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
A25LAB EXERCISES: UPPER LIMB MUSCLES
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Humerus: medial epicondyle _____________________________________________ Palmar aponeurosis
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Humerus: medial epicondyle ____________________________________ Pisiform, hamate, metacarpal 5
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Humerus: lateral epicondyle ___________________________________________________ Metacarpal 3
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Humerus: lateral epicondyle _____________________________________________ Distal phalanges 2-5
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Humerus: lateral epicondyle ___________________________________________________ Metacarpal 5
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Humerus: lateral epicondyle ____________________________________ Ulna: olceranon (lateral aspepct)
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Humerus: lateral supracondylar ridge ______________________________ Radius: base of styloid process
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Humerus: lateral supracondylar ridge ____________________________________________ Metacarpal 2
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Radius: tuberosity _____________________________________ Scapula: coracoid, supraglenoid tubercle
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Radius: base of styloid process ______________________________ Humerus: lateral supracondylar ridge
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Ulna: olecranon ___________________________ Scapula: infraglenoid tubercle; humerus: posterior shaft
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Ulna: coronoid & tuberosity ________________________________ Humerus: anterior surface, distal 2/3
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Ulna: distal shaft, anterior surface ____________________________ Radius: distal shaft, anterior surface
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Hand: palmar, distal phalanges 2-5 ______________________________ Ulna & interosseous membrane
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Hand: palmar, middle phalanges 2-5 _______________________________Humerus: medial epidondyle,
ulna: coronoid, radius: shaft
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
Hand: palmar, pollex, distal phalanx ____________________________ Radius & interosseous membrane
Action(s):_______________________________________________________________________________
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A25LAB EXERCISES: UPPER LIMB MUSCLES
LAB ASSIGNMENT 2: UPPER LIMB MUSCLE IDENTIFICATION (MODELS)
The list below is a key to the muscles of the upper limb models (Somso) in the lab. One of the models is intact. Please
do not disassemble it ! The other model has had muscles removed to expose deeper muscles.
Working in teams of two or more: first, use the key to find each muscle on the model and give an action for the muscle;
second, point to each muscle on the model and name it without using the key; third, name each muscle on the list and
find it on the model without using the number key.
MUSCLES, TENDONS, AND LIGAMENTS
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres major
Teres minor
Latissimus dorsi
Subscapularis
Deltoid
Pectoralis major
Biceps brachii
Brachialis
Triceps brachii
Pronator teres
Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Extensor digitorum
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Brachioradialis
Extensor pollicis longus (tendon)
Extensor pollicis brevis
Abductor pollicis longus
Flexor digitorum superficialis
Supinator
omit
Extensor retinaculum
Flexor pollicis brevis
Abductor pollicis brevis
Adductor pollicis
Opponens pollicis
Opponens digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi
Abductor digiti minimi
Lumbricales
Dorsal interossei
Flexor retinaculum (transverse carpal ligament)
Tendon sheath
omit
omit
Flexor pollicis longus (tendon)
Flexor digitorum superficialis (tendons)
Flexor digitorum profundus (tendons)
omit
A25LAB EXERCISES: UPPER LIMB MUSCLES
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LAB ASSIGNMENT 3: UPPER LIMB MUSCLE IDENTIFICATION (MODELS)
The following diagrams are based on the intact upper limb models (Somso). Color each muscle in the diagram, write its
name on the diagram, then find it on the model. N.B.: the numbers and letters on the diagrams are purposely NOT the same
as those on the model.
16
21
20
SCAPULAR REGION & ARM
POSTERIOR ASPECT
19
22
18
G
E
17
9d
9c
A.
B.
C.
E.
G.
Clavicle
Scapula: spine & acromion
Scapula: medial border
Humerus: lateral epicondyle
Ulna: olecranon
1.
2.
3.
5.
6.
7.
9.
Trapezius m. (cut)
Pectoralis major m. (cut)
Deltoideus m.
Teres major m.
Teres minor m.
Infraspinatus m.
Triceps brachii m.
a. long head
b. lateral head
c. medial head
d. triceps tendon
Biceps brachii m.
Brachialis m.
Flexor carpi ulnaris m.
Brachioradialis m.
Extensor carpi radialis
longus m.
Extensor carpi radialis
brevis m.
Extensor digitorum m.
Extensor carpi ulnaris m.
Anconeus m.
12
10.
12.
16.
17.
18.
9b
10
19.
20.
21.
22.
9a
2
5
6
3
7
C
A
B
1
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A25LAB EXERCISES: UPPER LIMB MUSCLES
LAB ASSIGNMENT 3: UPPER LIMB MUSCLE IDENTIFICATION (MODELS)
SCAPULAR REGION & ARM
ANTERIOR ASPECT
15
14
17
13
10c
F
Clavicle
Scapula: medial border
Scapula: coracoid process
Humerus: medial epicondyle
2.
3.
4.
5.
8.
9.
Pectoralis major m. (cut)
Deltoideus m.
Latissimus dorsi m. (cut)
Teres major m.
Subscapularis m.
Triceps brachii m.
a. long head
c. medial head
Biceps brachii m.
a. long head
b. short head
c. bicipital tendon
Coracobrachialis m.
Pronator teres m.
Flexor carpi radialis m.
Palmaris longus m.
Brachioradialis m.
9c
A.
C.
D.
F.
10b
9a
10a
10.
11
11.
13.
14.
15.
17.
3
2
4
5
8
2
D
C
3
A
A
A25LAB EXERCISES: UPPER LIMB MUSCLES
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LAB ASSIGNMENT 3: UPPER LIMB MUSCLE IDENTIFICATION (MODELS)
FOREARM AND HAND
POSTERIOR ASPECT
E. Humerus: lateral epicondyle
G. Ulna: olecranon
H. Common extensor tendon
I. Extensor retinaculum
10.
12.
17.
18.
30
28
29
26
19.
27
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
I
18
26
19
25
24
23
27.
28.
29.
30.
20
Biceps brachii m.
Brachialis m.
Brachioradialis m.
Extensor carpi radialis
longus m.
Extensor carpi radialis
brevis m.
Extensor digitorum m.
Extensor carpi ulnaris m.
Anconeus m.
Extensor digiti minimi m.
Abductor pollicis longus m.
Extensor pollicis brevis m.
Extensor pollicis longus m.
(tendon)
Extensor indicis m. (tendon)
Adductor pollicis m.
Dorsal interosseous m. I
Abductor digiti minimi m.
21
18
H
22
19
E
G
10
12
17
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A25LAB EXERCISES: UPPER LIMB MUSCLES
LAB ASSIGNMENT 3: UPPER LIMB MUSCLE IDENTIFICATION (MODELS)
FOREARM & HAND
ANTERIOR ASPECT
32
K
40
31b
29
37
38
39
36
35
34
33
31a
25
10.
12.
13.
14
15.
16.
17.
25.
29.
31.
16
15
14
17
13
F
F. Humerus: medial epicondyle
J. Flexor retinaculum
K. Sheath of long flexor tendons in digits
12
10
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
Biceps brachii m.
Brachialis m.
Pronator teres m.
Flexor carpi radialis m.
Palmaris longus m.
Flexor carpi ulnaris m.
Brachioradialis m.
Extensor pollicis brevis m. (tendon)
Dorsal interosseous m. I
Flexor digitorum superficialis m.
a. muscle fibers
b. tendons
Flexor digitorum profundus m. (tendons)
Opponens pollicis m.
Abductor pollicis brevis m.
Flexor pollicis brevis m.
Adductor pollicis m.
Flexor pollicis longus m. (tendon)
Abductor digiti minimi m.
Flexor digiti minimi brevis m.
Lumbricales mm. 1-4
A25LAB EXERCISES: UPPER LIMB MUSCLES
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LAB ASSIGNMENT 4: UPPER LIMB MUSCLE IDENTIFICATION (CADAVERS)
The following is a checklist of muscles that you will identify on the prosected cadavers or upper limb specimens.
Please note that not every muscle will be visible on every cadaver or specimen. It depends upon the cadaver
orientation and the dissection.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(12)
(13)
(14)
(15)
(16)
(17)
(18)
(19)
(20)
(21)
(22)
(23)
(24)
(25)
(26)
(27)
(28)
(29)
(30)
(31)
(32)
(33)
Pectoralis major
Pectoralis minor
Serratus anterior
Trapezius
Latissimus dorsi
Rhomboid major
Rhomboid minor
Teres major
Teres minor
Infraspinatus
Supraspinatus
Subscapularis
Deltoid
Biceps brachii
Coracobrachialis
Brachialis
Triceps brachii
Pronator teres
Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Flexor digitorum superficialis
Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexor pollicis longus
Brachioradialis
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extensor digitorum
Extensor digiti minimi
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Anconeus
Thenar muscles
Hypothenar muscles
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A25LAB EXERCISES: UPPER LIMB MUSCLES
LAB ASSIGNMENT 5: UPPER LIMB MUSCLES: GENERAL ORGANIZATION
The deep fascia organizes the arm and forearm muscles into muscular compartments. In general, the muscles in each
compartment share the same embryological origins, functions, nerve supply, and blood supply. Study the following
diagrams carefully.
A25LAB EXERCISES: UPPER LIMB MUSCLES
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A25LAB EXERCISES: UPPER LIMB MUSCLES
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A25LAB EXERCISES: UPPER LIMB MUSCLES