Download Taxonomy

Biology Guided Notes
Classification
Classification:
Taxonomy:
Aristotle: 1st recorded method (350 BC)
-2 groups
A. PlantsB. AnimalsLinnaeus: 1700’s
-based on physical characteristics
-Binomial nomenclature:
-1st genus:
-2nd species:
-e.g. dog –
-rules: genus capitalized, must be underlined/ italicized
Why do we use scientific names?
-Language differences
-Avoid confusing/misleading names
Why is classification important?
-helps us know what species are (have been) on Earth
-shows us how species are related
-helps identify characteristics of org. (helpful or harmful)
-naming system helps avoid confusing names (starfish)
-each species has only 1 name (bluegill/brim)
Taxa:
Begin with broad/general and get specific
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Primates
Hominidae
Homo
sapiens
How do we determine relationships
1. Compare structures of modern org. w/ those found in fossils
Phylogeny:
e.g. all cats have retractable claws
2.
3.
4. Behavior
There are currently 3 domains
1. Eubacteria (_______________________)
2. Archaebacteria (_____________________________________)
3. Eukarya (eukaryotes)
Kingdoms
Dichotomous Key:
Cladogram: