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Table 3. Demographic characteristics and liver function profiles of study participants.M
PROTECTIVE ROLE OF MICRONUTRIENTS IN CURBING NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES (NCDS)
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL PATHOLOGY ,UNIVERSITY OF ZIMBABWE COLLEGE OF HEALTH
SCIENCES ,
Blessing Munyawiri
RESULTS……
RESULTS
INTRODUCTION
In Zimbabwe there is a significant rise in
mortality and morbidity rate attributable to
non-communicable diseases such as
cancers, cardiovascular diseases et cetera.
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in this
country accounts for 31% of total deaths.
The rapid pace of globalization which
Zimbabwe , like any other African country
has experienced has resulted in the influx of
risk factors such as refined foods and
lifestyles with high NCDs risk factors. I have
juxtaposed Japan and Zimbabwe alongside
comparing the trends in the above diseases.
Japan is one of those countries in the world
where people are more likely to reach 100
years than anyone else which has been
attributed to their diet.
 Zimbabwe especially the urban parts,
calories obtained from meat, sugars and
oils and fats have been increasing during
recent decades
 Those from fibre-rich foods such as
wholegrains, pulses and roots have been
declining.
 This nutrition transition affected dietary
patterns and nutrient intake, which
influenced the risk of developing NCDs.
 However looking at Japan and the drastic
fall in some of the cancers especially the
stomach cancer upon increase in
consumption of fruits and other
vegetables shows that if we adopt the
same method we are likely to benefit from
its effects.
AIM
CONCLUSION
The study aimed to ascertain the impact of
the modern ‘Westernized’ diet on the rate at
which the NCDs are infiltrating through our
Zimbabwean population.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
.
In this systematic review publications
published from 2002 to 2016 were used.
RESULTS
The recommended Japanese diet is rich in
fruits, vegetables and low in salt and since
the introduction of refrigerators in that
country which ensued that fruits and
vegetables could be kept longer and fresh
there was a steep fall in cancers especially
gastric cancer as supported by figures
below.
A
B
Figure 2: Age-adjusted death rates for
seven leading cancers, Japanese
women, and ages 30-69, 1951-1996
In Zimbabwe, currently over 5000 new
cancer cases are diagnosed annually,
however this may just be the tip of an
iceberg as many cancers are not captured
by the routine National Health Information
Services.
In the developing countries
,nutritional factors are becoming a common
cause of various cancers .Twenty percent of
cancers in the developing countries is due to
dietary and nutritional contribution.
Figure 1: Relative trends in intake of fruits,
vegetables, and salt, Japan, 1950-1993
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DISCUSSION
Consuming predominantly plant-based
diets reduces the risk of developing NCDs,
these foods are rich in phytochemicals.
Phytochemicals refers to a wide variety of
compounds produced by plants. They
comprise of antioxidants. Some of the more
commonly known
phytochemicals include
RECOMMENDATIONS
beta carotene, ascorbic acid (vitamin C),
folic acid, and vitamin E.
Fruits and vegetables are rich in
micronutrients which are important as
antioxidants and these can play a big role
in curbing NCDs associated mortality and
morbidity, and I encourage our population
to include it in their daily diet. Most of these
are locally grown in Zimbabwe such that
they can be available to most people. The
following picture depicts some of these
recommended foods.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
REFERENCES
1. Ministry of HealthREFERENCES
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andK. Control
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2018).
M, Beadsworth MB, Stephany P, Hart CA, Hart IL,
2.Nyirenda
National
Nutritional Guideline on NonMunthali C, et al. Prevalence of infection with hepatitis B and C
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Prevention
Control
virus and coinfection with
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Management.
Federal Ministry of Health Abuja.
Chloe L.Thio etal,Characterization of HIV-HBV coinfection in a multinational
(October
2014).
cohort,2013
3. The Cancer Transition in Japan since 1951Vol 7,
Acknowledgements
2002 Max –Planck-Gesellschaft
4. The Japan Time October 10, 2011
5. World Cancer Research Fund International, 2014