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Blood Lecture Notes
Functions of Blood (3 main)
 Transportation cell
 Body regulator
 Protection
Composition of Blood
 Plasma
 “Formed elements”
Plasma (~55% of total blood volume)
 Composition
o Water (~92% of total plasma volume)
o Proteins (~7% of total plasma volume)
 Albumin
 Globulin
 Fibrinogen
 ALL PLASMA PROTEINS ARE PRODUCED BY THE LIVER
 Serum is plasma without the clotting protein fibrinogen
o Other solutes (~1% of total plasma volume)
 If waste percentage is high in a person’s body, there is a very good
chance there is a problem with that person’s kidneys
Formed Elements (~45% of total blood volume; 3 types)
 Red blood cells (erythrocytes)
o Properties
o Hemoglobin properties
o Stages of the formation of new red blood cells (erythropoiesis)
 In bone marrow:
 In circulation:
o Clot formation steps—called hemostasis (3 steps)
 Vasoconstriction of the arteries
 Platelet plug
 Fibrin clot
 Platelets
o Properties
 White blood cells (Leucocytes)—three classes of WBC’s
o Granulocytes (3 types)
 Types and function
o Monocytes
 Types and function
o Lymphocytes (2 types)
 Types and function
Normal Blood Cell Counts
 Hematocrit (% of red blood cells compared to total sample volume—also called
the “packed cell volume”
 Red blood cell count
 Reticulocyte count
 Platelet count
 White blood cell count