Download Judaism- Ethnic Religion

The Three Monotheistic
Religions of the Middle East
Judaism
Islam
Christianity
Judaism- Ethnic Religion
 Began 1750 B.C.E
 Founders- Abraham
 Origin- Adam, Abraham,
Isaac
 Number of members14,500,000, this number
is declining
 Region practiced- Israel,
U.S., Russia
Judaism
 Religious leaders- Rabbi
 Holy Book- Torah (1st 5 books of
the Old Testament)
 Language of Holy Book- Hebrew
Holy Book- Torah
( the 1st 5 books of the old testament)
 Genesis - Creation, the Fall, the Flood, spread of the
nations, Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and Joseph. Enslavement
in Egypt.
 Exodus - Enslavement, Moses, 10 plagues, Passover,
Leave Egypt, Red Sea Crossing, Mt. Sinai and the 10
Commandments
 Leviticus - Instructions on sacrificial system and the
priesthood. Instructions on moral purity.
 Numbers - Still at Mt. Sinai, people make false idol,
punishment, 40 years wandering begins.
 Deuteronomy - Moses' discourses on God's Acts for
Israel the Decalogue, the ceremonial, civil, and social
Laws, and covenant ratification.
Judaism
 House of Worship-
Synagogue or Temple
Judaism
 Branches- Orthodox,
Reformed, Conservative,
Hasidic
Judaism
 Holy City- Jerusalem
 Symbol- Star of David and
Menorah
Judaism
 Dietary Law- no pork
or shell fish
 Monotheistic- yesYahweh/ God
 Holy day of the weekFriday & Saturday sun
down
Judaism
 Rosh Hashanah-
Jewish New Year
 Yom Kippur- Day of
Atonement, is the most
solemn and important
of the Jewish Holidays.
Its central themes are
atonement and
repentance.
 Passover- Passover
begins on the 15th day
of the month
 Hanukkah, the "Festival
of Lights," starts on the
25th day of the Jewish
calendar month of Kislev
and lasts for eight days and
nights. In 2008, Hanukkah
begins at sundown on
December 21. With
blessings, games, and
festive foods, Hanukkah
celebrates the triumphs-both religious and
military--of ancient Jewish
heroes.
Islam
Islam
 Began- 620 C.E.
 Founder- Muhammad
 Origin- Adam, Abraham,
Ishmael/ Hagar
 Members- 1,226,000,000
 Region- North Africa &
Central Asia
Islam
Islam
 Religious Leaders- Imam
 Holy Book- Qur’an
(Koran)
 Language of Holy Book:
Arabic
 House of Worship- Mosque
Islam
Islam
 Branches- Sunni 83% and
Shiite 16%
 Holy City- Jerusalem, Mecca
(Kabba), Medina
 Symbol- Quarter Moon and
Star
Islam
 Holidays Ramadan- fast during the 9th

 Dietary Law- No Pork or
Alcohol
month of Lunar Calendar
 Monotheistic- yes- Allah
Bijram- Celebrating friend of
Muhammad’s fight for freedom.  Holy day of the week- Friday
Celebrated 4 times a year.
 5 Pillars of faith:
1. Ramadan,
2. Hajj,
3. Give alms or Charity
4. Pray 5 times a day facing holy
city (Mecca)
5. Profession of faith
Christianity
 Began- 50 C.E.
 Founder- Peter & Paul
found the church
 Origin- Adam, Abraham,
Isaac
 Members- 2,039,000,000
 Region- E/W Europe,
North America, Latin and
South America
Christianity
 Religious leaders-
Pope, Priest, Preacher,
Father, Minister,
Reverend, Cardinal,
Bishop, etc.
 Holy book- Bible- Old
and New Testament
 Language of Holy
Book- Hebrew/ Greek
Christianity
 Branches- Roman Catholic,
Eastern Orthodox, Protestant
 Holy City- Jerusalem
 Symbol- cross, fish, infinity
Christianity
 Dietary law- moderation
 Monotheistic- yes/ God
 Holy Day of the Week-
Sunday
Christianity
 Holidays
 Christmas
 Easter
 Good Friday- the Friday of
Holy Week (commemorates
the crucifixion and death of
Jesus)
 Palm Sunday- last day of lent