Download Bony Pelvis

Pelvis
Dept. of Human Anatomy
Zhou Hong Ying
Points of the pelvis
The walls:
bony pelvis, pelvic fascia, muscles
arteries, veins & nervous innervations
The pelvic organs:
in male
in female
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OUTLINE
▪ Margins of the Pelvies
▪ Bones
▪ Muscles
▪ Pelvic Diaphragm
▪ Peritoneum in Pelvis &
Pelvic fascia
▪ Blood Vessels & Nerves
Pelvic bones
Bony Pelvis :
1. two hip bones, sacrum,
coccyx, and the joints
2. superior pelvic aperture,
inferior pelvic aperture
3. greater pelvis (false pelvis)
lesser pelvis (true pelvis)
hip bones
Sacrum & Coccyx
Joints:
pubic symphysis,
sacrospinous lig.
sacroiliac joints
Sacrotuberale lig.
Sacroiliac joints and pubic symphysis
Joints & Ligaments of the Bony Pelvis
Pelvic Fractures
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Pelvis, Pelvic Inlet & Outlet
Superior pelvic aperture:
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Sup. margin of pubic symphysis
pecten of pubis
arcuate line
promontory of sacrum
Inferior pelvic aperture
• Inferior margin of
pubic symphysis
• Pubic arches
• Ischial tuberosities
• Sacrotuberous lig.
• Tip of coccyx
greater pelvis (false pelvis)
lesser pelvis (true pelvis)
male and female pelvis
Gender Differences
Diameters of pelvic cavity
Muscles of the pelvic wall
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Obturater
internus
Piriformis
Levator ani
Coccygeus
Muscles of
the Pelvic Wall
▪ obturater internus
▪ piriformis
▪ levator ani
▪ coccygeus
The lateral walls of the pelvis
Obturator internus muscle
Levator ani
Coccygeus
piriformis muscle
Levator Ani
▪ levator ani
- iliococcygeus
- pubococcygues
- puborectalis
Coccygeus
Levator ani
•Pubococcygeus
•Iliococcygeus
•Puborectalis muscle
Levator ani
•Pubococcygeus
•Iliococcygeus
•Puborectalis muscle
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Communication
with Other Regions
▪ greater & lesser sciatic
foramen
▪ obturator cannal
▪ urogenital hiatus
▪ anal aperture
Pelvic diaphram
The Pelvic Diaphragm
▪ the pelvic diaphragm consists of levator ani, coccygues & the fasciae
lining on the superior & inferior surfaces of these two muscles
Ischioanal fossae & levator ani
Peritoneum in pelvis
Pelvic fascia
Pelvic fascia: endopelvic fascia and fascial ligaments
Endopelvic Fascia of Female
Fascial Ligaments of the Pelvis
Oblique Coronal Section
through the Vagina
Oblique Coronal Section
through the Prostate
Vessels and Nerves
Arteries:
Common iliac a. external iliac a.: lower limb
internal iliac a.: posterior branches
anterior branches
posterior branches: sup & inf gluteal a. Iliolumbar a. Lateral sacral a.
internal pudendal a.
anterior branches: uterine a. Sup&inf vesical a. middle rectal a.
Vaginal .a
Obturater a. Umbilical a.
• Middle sacral a., superior rectal a, ovarian/testicular a
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The Branches of the Internal Iliac Artery
(1)parietal br.
Illiolumbar a.
Lateral sacral a.
Superior gluteal a.
Inferior gluteal a.
Obturator a.
**Median sacral a.
(2)visceral br.
Internal pudenda a.
Umbilical a.（sup. vesicle a.)
Inferior vesicle a.
middle rectal a.
Uterine a.—about 2cm from the
cervix of the uterus, it
crosses above and in front of
ureter.
Pelvic veins
(1) the veins surround the
organs to form the venous
plexus
(2) the veins of the organs in
the pelvis begin with the the
venous plexus and
accompany the same a.
(3) there are anastomoses
between the plexus.
Venous Drainage of the Pelvis
Nerves
Lumbosacral trunk
Obturator nerves
Sacral plexus
Sympathetic trunk
Pelvic plexus
Sciatic nerve
Pudendal nerve
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(1)anterior to the
piriformis
(2)To be formed by the
lumbosacral trunk,
ventral rami of sacral
and coccygeal nerves
(3)Branches
Superior gluteal n.
Inferior gluteal n.
Pudendal n.
Sciatic n.
Sacral plexus
Branches of Sacral Plexus
▪ superior gluteal nerve ▪ inferior gluteal nerve ▪ sciatic nerve ▪ pudendal nerve
▪ posterior cutaneous femoral nerve ▪ pelvic splanchnic nerve
pelvic plexus
Lymphatic Drainage