Download 37 - BSNL Durg SSA(Connecting India)

Project Report
ON
VSAT
Under the Guidance of
Mr. J.P PRASAD
Submitted by:
SHRIYA DAKALIYA
SHAIL AJMANI
NAVRIN MEMON
PAYEL GHOSH
RUBI CHANDRAKAR
DECLARATION
We hereby declare that the Project entitled
“VSAT” being submitted in partial fulfillment for the
certificate for vocational training to “Bharat Sanchar
Nigam Limited, Durg” is the authentic record of our
own work done under the guidance of Mr J.P.PRASAD,
our project guides.
Project Members:
•,SHRIYA DAKALIYA
•SHAIL AJMANI
•NAVRIN MEMON
•PAYEL GHOSH
•RUBI CHANDRAKAR
TOPIC
1.INTRODUCTION TO VSAT
2.HISTORY
3.HOW DOES A VSAT NETWORK WORK?
4.CONFIGURATION
5.CONSTITUENT PARTS OF VSAT
CONFIGURATION
6.VSAT SERVICES OFFERED
7.ADVANTAGES OF VSAT TECHNOLOGY
8.FUTURE APPLICATIONS
Introduction to VSAT
A very small aperture
terminal (VSAT) is a device - known
as an earth station - that is used to receive
satellite transmissions.
 The "very small" component of the VSAT
acronym refers to the size of the VSAT dish
antenna -typically about 2 to 4 feet (0.551.2 m) in diameter- that is mounted on a
roof on a wall, or placed on the ground.
VSAT technology is a secure and reliable
medium to connect geographically dispersed
locations and represents a cost effective
solution for users seeking an independent
communication network connecting to the
global network.
History
The concept of the
geostationary orbit was
originated by Russian
theorist Konstantin
Tsiolkovsky, who wrote
articles on space travel at
the turn of the century.
Live satellite communication was developed in the
sixties by NASA,[2] named Syncom 1-3.
The first commercial VSATs were C band (6 GHz)
receive-only systems by Equatorial Communications
using spread spectrum technology.
Equatorial later developed a C band (4/6 GHz) 2
way system using 1 m x 0.5 m antennas and sold
about 10,000 units in 1984-85.
In 1985, Schlumberger Oilfield Research codeveloped the world's first Ku band (12–14 GHz)
VSATs with Hughes Aerospace to provide portable
network connectivity for oil field drilling and
exploration units.
Ku Band VSATs make up the vast majority of sites
in use today for data or telephony applications. The
largest VSAT network (more than 12,000 sites) was
deployed by Spacenet and MCI for the US Postal
Service.[
ku-band
 Kurtz-under band is primarily used for
satellite communication, particularly for
editing and broadcasting satellite television.
 This band is split into multiple segments
broken down into geographical regions, as
determined by ITU (International
Telecommunication union.
 Ku-band is a portion of the electromagnetic
spectrum in the microwave range of
frequencies ranging from 11.7GHz-12.7GHz
(downlink frequencies) and 14GHz-14.5GHz
(uplink frequencies).
 How does a VSAT network
work?
A VSAT network has three
components:
•A central hub (also called a master
earth station)
•The satellite
•A virtually unlimited number of
VSAT earth stations in various
locations - across a country or
continent.
 Content originates at the hub,
which features a very large -15 to
36-foot (4,5 -11m)- antenna. The
hub controls the network through a
network management system (NMS)
server, which allows a network
operator to monitor and control all
components of the network. The
NMS operator can view, modify and
download individual configuration
information to the individual VSATs.
Outbound information (from the
hub to the VSATs) is sent up to the
communications satellite's
transponder, which receives it,
amplifies it and beams it back to
earth for reception by the remote
VSATs. The VSATs at the remote
locations send information inbound
(from the VSATs to the hub) via the
same satellite transponder to the hub
station.
This arrangement, where all network
communication passes through the
network's hub processor, is called a
"star" configuration, with the hub station
at the center of the star. One major
advantage of this configuration is that
there is virtually no limit on the number
of remote VSATs that can be connected
the hub. "Mesh" configurations also
allow for direct communication between
VSATs
 Configurations
Most VSAT networks are configured in one of
these topologies:
•A star topology, using a central uplink site, such
as a network operations center (NOC), to
transport data back and forth to each VSAT
terminal via satellite,
•A mesh topology, where each VSAT terminal
relays data via satellite to another terminal by
acting as a hub, minimizing the need for a
centralized uplink site,
•A combination of both star and mesh topologies.
Some VSAT networks are configured by having
several centralized uplink sites (and VSAT
terminals stemming from it) connected in a multistar topology with each star (and each terminal in
each star) connected to each other in a mesh
topology. Others configured in only a single star
topology sometimes will have each terminal
connected to each other as well, resulting in each
terminal acting as a central hub.
Mesh Topology
•In a mesh network, devices
are connected with many
redundant interconnections
between network nodes. In a
true mesh topology every
node has a connection to
every other node in the
network.
Star Topology
In a star network
devices are
connected to a
central computer,
called a hub. Nodes
communicate across
the network by
passing data through
the hub
.
 Constituent parts of a VSAT
configuration
VSAT Equipment is mainly
consist of ODU ( Outdoor Unit )
ODU
Dish
LNB
BUC
Feed horn
•IDU ( Indoor Unit )
Power
LAN Link
Ethernet
Sync
IDU (IPX-5100)
Outdoor Unit (ODU):
The outdoor unit system is specifically
optimized for use with the Indoor Unit
and consists of:
• Antenna (0.75m - 1.8m)
• Block Upconverter (BUC) (1W-2W)
• Low Noise Block-Downconverter (LNB)
• Feed horn
• IFL cable
I.
Antenna
 Antenna is a device used for transmitting
and receiving radio signals.
II. BUC :
 Block Up Converter; Up converts and
amplifies modem information for
transmission to the satellite. A BUC (Block
Up-Converter) takes an L-band input and
transmits it upstream to the satellite on Ka,
Ku, or C band.(1W,2W,4W BUC)
III.LNB :
• Low Noise Block Down Converter; Down
converts and amplifies signals received
from the satellite to the modem or
receiver. In addition to amplifying the
signal, the LNB also converts the signal
to a frequency usable by the In-Door-Unit.
IV.Feed horn:
• It is a part of satellite dish system which
gathers the reflected signals from dishes
and focuses it towards the LNB.
V. Ifl cable
 IFL refers to the cable which connects the
ODU with IDU .IFL cable is often a
shielded co-axial cable terminated with
BNC F-type and N-type connectors.
Indoor unit (IDU)
 IDU is connected to ODU by IFL
(Intra Facility Link). In consumer satellite
television application , the IDU usually
consist of the satellite receiver which is
connected to television . In consumer
satellite internet application , the IDU
usually consist if a satellite modem which is
connected to a computer or a router .
 VSAT SERVICES OFFERED
VSAT is an ideal satellite network that
provides communications support for a
wide range of applications:
-Voice Application
-Facsimile
- Financial Management
- Data processing
- Reservation System
- Reservation System
- Telemetry & Data Collection
- News Wire Services
- Private-Line Voice
- Distance Education
- High Speed Internet Acces
- Telemedicine
High speed Broadband
Internet
 Advantages of VSAT
technology
As companies compete for an
increasingly savvy customer
looking for value (quality and
service), information technology
and communications networks
are becoming tools to achieve
business goals.
In addition, they require network
flexibility - ease of migration from
existing legacy systems as well as
addition of new network applications
as their companies offer additional
services to its customers
Businesses and organizations give
many reasons for using VSAT
networks over terrestrial
alternatives. Among them are:
 Cost-effective
 Flexibility
 Accessibility
 Availability
 Reliability
 Versatility
 Transmission quality
 High network performance
 Fast transmissions
 Control
 Ability to handle large amounts of data
 Single vendor solution for both equipment and bandwidth
 Broadcast capability
 Ability to handle Voice, Video and Data
 Future applications
Advances in technology have dramatically
improved the price/performance equation of FSS
(Fixed Service Satellite) over the past five years.
New VSAT systems are coming online using Ka
band technology that promise higher bandwidth
rates for lower costs.
FSS satellite systems currently in orbit have a huge
capacity with a relatively low price structure.
FSS satellite systems provide various applications
for subscribers, including: telephony, fax,
television, high speed data communication
services, Internet access, Satellite News
Gathering (SNG), Digital Audio Broadcasting
(DAB) and others. These systems are applicable
for providing various high-quality services
because they create efficient communication
systems, both for residential and business users.