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AS Science in Society 1.1 The germ theory of disease This short historical topic allows students to learn about the work of some of the scientists who made important contributions to the development of the new theory. The stories are used to illustrate how science works ideas from: establishing causal links, developing and testing scientific explanations, the scientific community. These ideas will all be developed further in later topics. The topic introduces students to some of the skills they will need throughout the course, such as effective discussion in small groups, data analysis and reading and comprehension. The references below to How Science Works (HSW) and to Science Explanations (SE) use the code letters found in sections 3.5 and 3.6 of the specification. Learning skills for Science (LSS) activities are integrated into all the AS topics. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Focus of session Introduction – the problem of infectious diseases in the past and now The development of the germ theory of disease – Semmelweiss, Germ theory (SE Aa) Causal links (HSW Bd) Developing explanations (HSW Cc) LSS skill area 1 The development of the germ theory of disease – Snow Germ theory (SE Aa) Causal links – epidemiology (HSW Ba, Bd) Developing explanations (HSW Cc) LSS skill area 1 Vaccination – Jenner and Pasteur’s work on anthrax (HSW Bd, Cd) The immune system (SE Ac) Suggested activities and resources Introduction to germ theory power point presentation and discussion Koch’s work on TB Germ theory (SE Aa) Causal links (HSW Bd, Bj, ) Developing explanations (HSW Cd) Koch and tuberculosis activity Pasteur and rabies The scientific community (HSW Ea, Eg) Developing explanations (HSW Cd) LSS skill area 1 Review of the development of germ theory Developing explanations (HSW Cc, Cd, Ce) The scientific community (HSW Ea, Eg) Reading and discussion of questions from textbook p. 14 Reading about Semmelweiss and discussion of questions in textbook p. 24 Reading about Snow from textbook and discussion of questions p. 4 - 6 further discussion and data analysis in John Snow and epidemiology Learning skills for Science activities Skill area 1 LSS: Believe it or not: classifying statements encourages critical use of language and discusses the ‘certainty’ of statements. This could be used as an ice-breaker. Skill area 1 LSS: Information revolution – students locate sources, use the British library website and learn Boolean search techniques. Reading and discussion of questions from textbook p. 6- 13 or enacting the drama from http://www.sycd.co.uk/who_am_i/pdf/ everywhere/drama/vaccines.pdf This activity could also be used for homework, review or revision Development of the germ theory of disease a review of the main developments A summary of the wider social issues involved in scientific advance on http://www.schoolhistory.co.uk/lesson s/medicine/pasteurkoch.html Skill area 1 LSS: Using the internet to find information – students find information and evaluate web sites. 7 Review session March 2011 Review questions from book Homework - Students to collect newspaper articles on any aspect of infectious disease to bring to the next lesson infectious diseases in the news in 1.2