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English (Belonging)
Area of Study: Belonging
Concepts of Belonging
• Connections to people create a sense of belonging
o Relationships create/challenge belonging
o i.e. Parent and child, sibling relationships, friendships, romantic
relationships, elder and youth, master and apprentice, teacher and student,
and other family connections.
• Connection to a place can create a sense of belonging
o Belonging to a place
o Indigenous attitudes towards connection to a place
o The migrant experience and belonging to place
o Search for belonging to place
o Belonging to different places
• A sense of belonging comes through connection groups and communities.
o Belonging for survival
o Belonging to groups not just for survival, we may belong based upon:
 Religion, race, culture, politics, family, class, age, gender, education,
geographical location, common interests (e.g. clubs, hobbies, sports,
gangs, etc.), and subcultures (e.g. goth, punk, hip hop, emo, etc.)
o Choice and motivations
o Social and cultural expectations influence belonging
o Conflicting sense of belonging
• A connection to the larger world is important to a sense of belonging
o Belonging as a global citizen
o Belonging in the wider world
o Belonging to the world through adventure
o Migrant sense of belonging
• Belonging can enrich our identity and relationships, and can lead to acceptance and
understanding.
o Enrichment through belonging
o Personal benefits of belonging
 Exposure to new ideas and knowledge
 Different perspectives
 The acknowledgment and approval of others
 Confidence and self-esteem
 Shelter and protection from physical and psychological harm
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 The emotional well-being found in belonging
 Tolerance
 Enrichment of relationships
 Creating opportunities for shared experiences
 Enabling shared understanding
 Creating emotional and intellectual links between individuals
An individual can challenge or enrich a community or group
o Benefits to the group or community
o Individual impact on the group
Attitudes towards the idea of belonging can change over time
o Context and belonging
o Changing attitudes towards belonging
o Personal perspectives of belonging
o Changing attitude towards belonging as we age
Some individuals will choose not to belong
o The choice not to belong
o The choice not to belong to relationships
o The choice no to belong to places
o The choice not to belong to groups or communities
o The choice not to belong in the wider world
Barriers in society and groups can prevent belonging.
o Barriers to belonging
o Rules and regulations
 Formal rules and regulations
 Informal rules and regulations
 Individual choice
 Changes to rules and regulations
o Implications of barriers to belonging
 The impact of rejection from group, society or community on the
individual
 The impact on the individual of challenging to meet the demands of
rules and regulations imposed by the group
 Whether the group or society is richer for having rules and
regulations, or for breaking them down
 Whether the group or society is enriched by the individual
 Whether a person can retain individuality and simultaneously
conform to group expectations.
Belonging can have negative repercussions for the individual
o Negative impact of belonging
o Negative repercussions of belonging in relationships
o Negative repercussions of belonging to places
o Negative repercussions of belonging to groups or communities
PAPER 1 SECTION 1
• Key terms:
o Analyse: identify components and the relationships and the relationship
between then, exploring how techniques convey concepts
o Assess: establish the value of a particular idea or text
o Compare: show how things are similar or different
o Describe: provide characteristics and features
o Evaluate: estimate the worth of a text in a range of contexts and justify that
estimation adn its process
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Explain: relate cause and effect; make the relationship between things
evident; provide why and/or how
o Explore: examine closely and experiment with texts
o Identify: recognise and name
How meaning is conveyed:
o Explore concepts of belonging
o Analyse how techniques are used to convey the concepts of belonging:
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EXAMPLE:
“The idea that an individual can enrich a community by belonging is
demonstrated through the figurative language. Simon’s dialogue, ‘the
discovery of Samantha in the group was like finding buried treasure’
conveys, through tan effective simile, the way that Samantha’s qualities
enhanced the group to which she belonged, through the symbolic term
‘treasure’.
> CONCEPT
> EFFECT – LINK TO CONCEPT
> QUOTES
> TECHNIQUE
o Use quotes and examples to support your analysis of how the techniques
convey the concepts
o Effectively link examples and techniques back to the concepts
o Draw Conclusions and make comparisons between texts
Language Forms and Features:
Allegory
Alliteration
Allusions
Assonance
Colloquial
Connotation
Context
Contrast
Dramatic Monologue
Elegy
Emotive language
Figurative language
Hyperbole
Imagery
Indefinite article
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A narrative that serves as an extended metaphor. (eg.
Fables, parables, poems etc.)
Repetition of similar consonant sounds
The reference to something, person, event or other
work of literature, presumed to be familiar to the
reader
Repetition of similar vowel sounds
Oral; belonging to familiar speech or writing
When a word suggests something in addition to its
ordinary meaning
The circumstances in which the text was created.
When the differences between aspects within a text
are emphasised to make a point.
The utterance of a fictional character rather than of
the poet himself.
A form of lyric poetry that focuses on death. It adopts
a serious, melancholy tone.
Deliberate selection of language designed to arouse or
play on a particular emotion.
Language that doesn’t mean exactly what it says,
instead forcing the reader to make an imaginative leap
in order to comprehend an author’s point.
Exaggerated statement not meant to be taken literally.
Descriptive language used to create a picture in the
reader’s mind through the representation of objects,
actions, feelings, thoughts, ideas, states of mind, and
sensory experiences.
Not determining the person, thing or time (‘a’ and
‘an’)
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Intertextuality
Inversion
Irony
Juxtaposition
Metaphor
Onomatopoeia
Oxymoron
Parody
Personification
Register
Repetition
Satire
Simile
Tone/Mood
Symbol
Vector
Vernacular
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The shaping of texts’ meanings by other texts
Reversal of the normal position (e.g order of words)
A literary term referring to how a person, situation,
statement or circumstance is not as it seems.
When two images, objects and ideas are placed side
by side for effect
An image in which two objects are compared for the
purpose of illuminating some aspects of the one
The formation of words from sounds that resemble
those associated with the object or action to be
named.
Figure of speech with pointed conjunction of
seemingly contradictory expressions
Imitation (usually humorous)
Giving the attributes of a human to an animal, object
or idea
The use of language for a particular purpose, audience
and context.
Where a word, phrase or idea is repeated in reworded
in order to achieve emphasis.
The mocking, by ridicule, of human vices and
weaknesses
A comparison between two different objects, using
the word ‘like’ and ‘as’.
The overall quality or mood of the text, often
described as the emotion of the text
A word or object that stands for another word, object
or idea
Paths of reading in a visual text; lines along which our
eyes are drawn.
Language of one’s native country
Answering questions in this section (2 minutes per mark)
o One Mark:
 Identify technique/Concept
o Two or Three Marks:
 Give the following
• The concept of belonging
• A technique that conveys the concept
• A quote or example as evidence
• A link back to the concept – explain the effect
o Four, Five or Six Marks
 Focus on providing conceptual and stylistic links between the texts in
addition to:
• Concepts of belonging
• Techniques that convey the concept
• Quotes or examples as evidence
• Links back to the concept – explain the effect
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PAPER 1 SECTION 2
Character One
Name: Brian
Age: 46
Background: When he was 42, Brian was diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease. He had
worked as mining machinery operator for 23 years, but had to retire due to illness. He
lived on worker’s compensation for 2 years, until he got the opportunity to start in
comedy and soon became very successful. His success as a comedian went all the way
back to primary school, when he was bullied for his red-hair and pudgy frame. He used
comedy throughout his life, especially in his primary and high school days, as a means of
deflection from himself and he naturally progressed into an entertaining and jovial man
in the workplace and in his home life (with his wife and two kids), and eventually into a
professional comedian.
He found his sense of belonging in society again after his diagnosis and subsequent job
loss, through his contribution to comedy and entertainment. He also developed a sense
of belonging to himself in progressing in life, in a profession he enjoys, despite his
illness.
Character Two
Name: Claudette
Age: 91 (Born 1919)
Background: Claudette was born in France and became a nurse to the Allies in World
War II. She (aged 24) met an American paratrooper medic, named Eugene Wright (aged
23) while she was stationed at first aid post in a church in a village near the battlefields
of Bastogne and they struck up a close relationship. During a German air raid, the church
first aid post was hit, and she was the only survivor. She suffered extensive burns to the
entire left side of her body and face. Claudette recovered from her injuries but was badly
disfigured and had limited movement in her left arm and leg. She suffered from severe
depression after she was released from hospital and couldn’t find any work. Two years
after the war ended, Eugene found her in her home in France. He helped nurse her back
to health, recover from depression and find a job that she enjoyed. A year after he found
her, Eugene married her, loving her regardless of her injuries.
They lived happily married, having 4 children, many grand children and a few greatgrandchildren with more on the way. Eugene died in 2004 aged 84 and Claudette lives
happily in France knowing that she has a very large family who love her and having lived
a full life with her husband.
PAPER 1 SECTION 3
• Thesis examples:
o A sense of belonging is a powerful positive force that can provide confidence
and acceptance for the individual; however, the pressure to belong can also
have negative repercussions as the individual submits to the group
o Finding a place to belong is an integral part of human experience, and it is of
benefit to the group and to the individual.
o Close personal relationships can provide the deepest form of belonging, but
we can’t be defined by our relationships; we must retain our individuality
and independence.
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Individuals may feel a sense of belonging to many people, places, groups,
and communities, and this sense of belonging can enrich the individual,
becoming a positive influence in his or her life.
It is human nature to search for belonging, but it is also our nature to place
barriers to deny individuals the chance to belong.
While most people search for somewhere to belong, others reject the notion
of belonging, preferring solitude and self-sufficiency.
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