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Head & Neck
1.
Head & Neck
Buccinator
Origin
Alveolar process of maxilla and
mandible
Insertion
Blends into fibers of
orbicularis oris
Action
Compresses cheeks
2.
Mentalis
Incisive fossa of mandible
Skin of chin
Elevates and protrudes
lower lip
3.
4.
Temporalis
Occipitofrontalis
Along temporal lines of skull
Epicranial aponeurosis
Coronoid process of mandible
Skin of eyebrow & bridge of
nose
* Epicranial aponeurosis
Elevates mandible
Raises eyebrows, wrinkles
forehead
* Tenses and retracts scalp
5.
Masseter
Zygomatic arch
6.
Pterygoids
Lateral pterygoid plate
Lateral surface of mandibular
ramus
Medial surface of mandibular
ramus
7.
Genioglossus
8.
Sternocleidomastoid
Medial surface of mandible
around chin
2 bellies: Clavicular head
attaches to sternal end of
clavicle; sternal head attaches
Elevates mandible &
closes the jaws
Medial: Elevates the
mandible and closes the
jaws, or performs lateral
excursion
Lateral: Opens jaws,
protrudes mandible, or
performs lateral excursion
Depresses and protracts
tongue
Together, they flex the
neck; alone, one side
bends head toward
Body of tongue, hyoid bone
Mastoid region of skull and
lateral portion of superior
nuchal line
1
to manubrium
9.
10.
11.
Orbicularis oculi
Orbicularis oris
Platysma
12.
Zygomaticus
a. Major
b. Minor
13.
Splenius capitis
14.
Semispinalis capitis
Medial margin of orbit
Maxilla and mandible
Superior thorax between
cartilage of 2nd rib and acomion
of scapula
a. zygomatic bone near
zygomaticomaxillary
suture
b. zygomatic bone
posterior to
zygomaticotemporal
suture
Spinous processes & ligaments
connecting inferior cervical and
superior thoracic vertebrae
Articular process of inferior
cervical and transverse
processes of superior thoracic
vertebrae
Skin around eyelids
Lips
Mandible of skin and cheek
a. Angle of mouth
b. Upper lip
shoulder and turns face to
opposite side
Closes eye
Compresses, purses lips
Tenses skin of neck;
depresses mandible
a. retracts and
elevates corner of
mouth
b. retracts and
elevates upper lip
Mastoid process, occipital bone Together, the 2 sides
of skull, and superior cervical
extend neck; alone, each
vertebrae
rotates and laterally flexes
neck to that side
Occipital bone, between nuchal Together, the 2 sides
lines
extend head; alone, each
extends and laterally
flexes neck
2
Origin
Insertion
Action
15.
Shoulders and
Chest
Trapezius
Occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, and
spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae
Clavicle and scapula
(acromion and
scapular spine)
16.
Rhomboidus major
Spinous processes of superior thoracic
vertebrae
17.
Levator scapulae
Transverse process of 1st four cervical
vertebrae
18.
Serratus anterior
Anterior & superior margins of ribs 1-8 or 1-9
Vertebral border of
scapula from spine to
inferior angle
Vertebral border of
scapula near superior
angle
Anterior surface of
vertebral border of
scapula
Depends on active
region & state of
other muscles;
a. elevate,
retract,
depress, or
rotate
scapula
upward
b. Elevate
clavicle
c. Extend neck
Adducts scapula and
performs downward
rotation
Elevates scapula
19.
Pectoralis major
Cartilages of ribs 2-6, body of sternum, and
inferior, medial portion of clavicle
Crest of greater
tubercle and lateral lip
of intertubercular
groove of humerus
Protracts shoulder;
rotates scapula so
glenoid cavity
moves superiorly
(upward rotation)
Flexion, adduction,
and medial rotation
@ shoulder
3
20.
Pectoralis minor
Anterior-superior surfaces of ribs 3-5
Coracoid process of
scapula
21.
Teres major
Inferior angle of scapula
22.
Teres minor
Lateral border of scapula
23.
Latissimus dorsi
Spinous processes of inferior thoracic and all
lumbar vertebrae, ribs 8-12, and
thracolumbar fascia
Passes medially to
reach the medial lip of
intertubicular groove
of humerus
Passes laterally to
reacht he greater
tubercle of humerus
Floor of
intertubercular groove
of the humerus
24.
Supraspinatus
Supraspinous fossa of scapula
25.
Infraspinatus
Infraspinous fossa of scapula
26.
Deltoid
Clavicle and scapula (acromion and adjacent
scapular spine)
Greater tubercle of
humerus
Greater tubercle of
humerus
Deltiod tuberosity of
humerus
Depresses and
protracts shoulder;
rotates scapula so
glenoid cavity
moves inferiorly
(downward
rotation); elevates
ribs if scapula is
stationary
Extension,
adduction, and
medial rotation at
shoulder
Lateral rotation @
shoulder
Extension,
adduction, and
medial rotation @
shoulder
Abduction at the
shoulder
Lateral rotation @
shoulder
Whole muscle:
abduction @
shoulder; anterior
part: flexion &
medial rotation;
posterior part:
4
extension and
lateral rotation
5
27.
Abdomen
Rectus abdominus
Origin
Superior surface of pubis
around symphysis
28.
External oblique
External & inferior borders
of ribs 5-12
Insertion
Inferior surfaces of
costal cartilages (ribs
5-7) and xiphoid
process
Linea alba and iliac
crest
29.
Internal oblique
Thoracolumbar fascia and
iliac crest
Inferior ribs, xiphoid
process, and linea alba
30.
Transverse abdominus
Cartilages of ribs 6-12, iliac
crest, and thoracolumbar
fascia
Linea alba and pubis
Action
Depresses ribs,
flexes vertebral
column, compresses
abdomen
Compresses
abdomen, depresses
ribs, flexes or bends
spine
Compresses
abdomen, depresses
ribs, flexes or bends
spine
Compresses
abdomen
6
Arms
Origin
Insertion
Action
31.
Biceps brachii
Tuberosity of radius
Flexion @ elbow &
shoulder;
supination
32.
Brachialis
Tuberosity of ulna
Flexion @ elbow
33.
Triceps brachii
Olecranon of ulna
Extension @ elbow
34.
Brachioradialis
Flexor carpi radialis
36.
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Lateral aspect of stolid
process of radius
Bases of second &
third metacarpal bones
Pisiform, hamate, and
base of 5th metacarpal
bone
Flexion @ elbow
35.
37.
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Base of 5th metacarpal
bone
Extension &
adduction @ wrist
38.
Extensor digitorum
39.
Extensor carpi radialus longus
Short head from the coracoid
process; long ehad from the
supraglenoid tubercle
(scapula)
Anterior, distal surface of
humerus
Superior, lateral margin of
humerus
Ridge superior to the lateral
epicondyle of humerus
Medial epicondyle of
humerus
Medial epicondyle of
humerus; adjacent medial
surface of olecranon &
anteromedial portion of ulna
Lateral epicondyle of
humerus; adjacent dorsal
surface of ulna
Lateral epicondyle of
humerus
Lateral supracondylar ridge
of humerus
Posterior surfaces of
phalanges, fingers 2-5
Base of 2nd metacarpal
bone
Extension @ finger
joints & wrist
Extension &
abduction @ wrist
Flexion & abduction
@ wrist
Flexion & adduction
@ wrist
7
Thighs and Hips
Origin
Insertion
Action
40.
Rectus Femoris
Tibial tuberosity via
patellar ligament
Extension @ knee;
flexion @ hip
41.
Vastus medialis
42.
Vastus lateralis
Tibial tuberosity via
patellar ligament
TIbial tuberosity via
patellar ligament
Extensions @ knee;
flexion @ hip
Extension @ knee;
flexion @ hip
43.
Sartorius
Anterior inferior iliac spine
and superior acetabular rim
of ilium
Entire length of linea aspera
of femur
Anterior & inferior to greater
trochanter of femur and
along linea aspera (proximal
half)
Anterior superior iliac spine
Medial surface of tibia
near tibial tuberosity
44.
Gracilus
Inferior ramus of pubis
45.
Adductor longus
Inferior ramus of pubis
anterior to adductor brevis
Medial surface of tibia
inferior to medial
condyle
Line aspera of femur
46.
Gluteus maximus
47.
Gluteus medius
Iliac crest, posterior gluteal
line, and lateral surface of
ilium; sacrum, coccyx, and
thoracolumbar fascia
Anterior iliac crest of ilium,
lateral surface between
posterior and anterior
gluteal lines
Flexion @ knee;
flexion & lateral
rotation @ hip
Flexion @ knee;
adduction & medial
rotation @ hip
Adduction, flexion,
& medial roatation
@hip
Extension & lateral
rotation @ hip
Iliotibial tract and
gluteal tuberosity of
femur
Greater trochanter of
femur
Abduction & medial
rotation @ hip
8
48.
Tensor fascia latae
Iliac crest and lateral surface
of anterior superior iliac
spine
Iliotibial tract
49.
Biceps femoris
Ischial tuberosity & linea
aspera of femur
Head of fibula, lateral
condyle of tibia
50.
Semitendinosus
Ischial tuberosity
Posterior surface of
medial condyle of tibia
51.
Semimembranosus
Ischial tuberosity
Posterior surface of
medial condyle of tibia
Flexion and medial
rotation @ hip;
tenses fascia lata,
which laterally
supports the knee
Flexion @ knee;
extension and
lateral rotation @
hip
Flexion @ knee;
extension & medial
rotation @ hip
Flexion @ knee;
extension and
medial rotation @
hip
9
Lower Leg
Origin
Insertion
Action
52.
Gastrocnemius
Femoral condyles
Calcanus via calvaneal
tendon
53.
Tibialis anterior
Lateral condyle & proximal
shaft of tibia
Base of 1st metatarsal
bone and medial
cuneiform bone
54.
Soleus
55.
Plantaris
Head & proximal shaft of
fibula and adjacent
posteromedial shaft of tibia
Lateral supracondylar ridge
Clacaneus via clcaneal
tendon (with
gastrocnemius)
Psterior portion of
calcaneus
Extension (plantar
flexion) @ ankle;
inversion of foot;
flexion @ knee
Flexion
(dorsiflexion) @
ankle; inversion of
foot
Extension (plantar
flexion) @ ankle
Extension (plantar
flexion @ ankle;
flexion @ knee
10