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TORTORA • FUNKE • CASE Microbiology AN INTRODUCTION EIGHTH EDITION B.E Pruitt & Jane J. Stein Chapter 23, part B Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems PowerPoint® Lecture Slide Presentation prepared by Christine L. Case Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Biological Weapons • 1346 Plague-ridden bodies used by Tartar army against Kaffa • 1925 Plaque-carrying flea bombs used in the Sino-Japanese War • 1950s U.S. Army spraying of S. marcescens to test weapons dispersal • 1972 International agreement to not possess biological weapons • 1979 B. anthracis weapons plant explosion in the Soviet Union • 1984 S. enterica used against the people of The Dalles • 2001 B. anthracis distributed in the U.S. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Biological Weapons Bacteria Viruses Bacillus anthracis “Eradicated” polio and measles Brucella spp. Encephalitis viruses Chlamydia psittaci Hermorrhagic fever viruses Clostridium botulinum toxin Influenza A (1918 strain) Coxiella burnetti Monkeypox Francisella tularensis Nipah virus Rickettsia prowazekii Small pox Shigella spp. Yellow fever Vibrio cholerae Yersinia pestis Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Gangrene • Ischemia • Loss of blood supply to tissue • Necrosis • Death of tissue • Gangrene • Death of soft tissue • Gas gangrene • Clostridium perfringens, gram-positive, endosporeforming anaerobic rod, grows in necrotic tissue • Treatment includes surgical removal of necrotic tissue and/or hyperbaric chamber Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Animal bites and scratches • Pasteurella multocida • Clostridium • Bacteroides • Fusobacterium • Bartonella hensellae • Cat-scratch disease Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Plague • Yersinia pestis, gram-negative rod • Reservoir • Rats, ground squirrels, prairie dogs • Vector • Xenopsylla cheopsis • Bubonic plague • Bacterial growth in blood and lymph • Septicemia plague • Septic shock • Pneumonic plague • Bacteria in the lungs Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Plague Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 23.10, 11 Relapsing Fever • Borrelia spp., spirochete • Reservoir • Rodents • Vector • Ticks • Successive relapses are less severe Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Lyme Disease • Borrelia burgdorferi • Reservoir • Deer • Vector • Ticks Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Lyme Disease Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 23.13a Lyme Disease Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 23.13b, c Lyme Disease • First symptom • bull's eye rash • Second phase • Irregular heartbeat, encephalitis • Third phase • Arthritis Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 23.14 Ehrlichiosis • Ehrlichia, gram-negative, obligately intracellular (in white blood cells) • Reservoir • Deer, rodents • Vector • Ticks Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 23.15 Typhus • Epidemic typhus • Rickettsia prowazekii • Reservoir • Rodents • Vector • Pediculus humanus corporis • Transmitted when louse feces rubbed into bite wound Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Typhus • Epidemic murine typhus • Rickettsia typhi • Reservoir • Rodents • Vector • Xenopsylla cheopsis Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Spotted Fevers (Rocky Mountain spotted fever) • Rickettsia rickettsii • Measles-like rash except that the rash appears on palms and soles too Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 23.18 Spotted Fevers (Rocky Mountain spotted fever) Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 23.16 Tick Life Cycle Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 23.17
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