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Grade 9 Academic Science
Sustainable Ecosystems – Definitions 1
Test Support
The following terms are definitions from the Sustainable Ecosystems unit. You are asked to match the
definition with the term AND write a sentence that uses the term in context to demonstrate your
understanding of the term. All terms are found in the textbook Science: Perspectives 9 on pages 29-165.
Match the term to the definition AND use the term in a sentence that shows its meaning. Use your
textbook to find the terms and their definitions.
Example
Term
Competition
Term
Definition
Example in a sentence
Two individuals seek the same
resource
YOUR
ANSWER
Foxes and coyotes BOTH fed on a common prey
such as a rabbit. They COMPETE for the prey.
Definition
Biosphere
1. Mass of living organisms in a
given area
Biotic Factor
2. Form of energy transferred
during heating or cooling
Ecological
Niche
3. Two individuals benefitting each
other
Limiting Factor
4. All the water on, above and
below the Earth’s surface
Hydrosphere
5. Zone that includes zones
around the Earth (i.e.,
hydrosphere, atmosphere and
lithosphere) where life can exist
Mutualism
6. Movement of matter through the
biotic and abiotic environment
Biogeochemical
Cycle
7. Level of an organism in an
ecosystem depending on its
feeding position along a food
chain
Producer
8. Any factor that restricts the size
of a population
Tolerance
Range
9. The non-living characteristics of
an ecosystem
Carbon Cycle
10. Biogeochemical cycle in which
carbon is cycled through the
lithosphere, atmosphere,
hydrosphere and biosphere
Biomass
11. Organism that makes its own
energy-rich food components by
using the Sun’s energy
Trophic Level
12. Function a species serves in its
ecosystem (e.g., what it eats,
how it behaves)
Thermal
Energy
13. Living things, their remains and
the features associated with
their behavior (e.g., nests)
Abiotic Factor
14. One individual feeds on another
Predation
15. Abiotic conditions within which a
species can survive
Example in a sentence
Grade 9 Academic Science
Sustainable Ecosystems – Definitions 1
ANSWERS
Biosphere
5
1. Mass of living organisms in a given area
Biotic Factor
13
2. Form of energy transferred during heating or cooling
Ecological Niche
12
3. Two individuals benefitting each other
Limiting Factor
8
4. All the water on, above and below the Earth’s surface
Hydrosphere
4
5. Zone that includes zones around the Earth (i.e., hydrosphere,
atmosphere and lithosphere) where life can exist
Mutualism
3
6. Movement of matter through the biotic and abiotic environment
Biogeochemical
Cycle
6
7. Level of an organism in an ecosystem depending on its feeding
position along a food chain
Producer
11
8. Any factor that restricts the size of a population
Tolerance
Range
15
9. The non-living characteristics of an ecosystem
Carbon Cycle
10
10. Biogeochemical cycle in which carbon is cycled through the
lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere
Biomass
1
11. Organism that makes its own energy-rich food components by
using the Sun’s energy
Trophic Level
7
12. Function a species serves in its ecosystem (e.g., what it eats, how
it behaves)
Thermal Energy
2
13. Living things, their remains and the features associated with their
behavior (e.g., nests)
Abiotic Factor
9
14. One individual feeds on another
Predation
14
15. Abiotic conditions within which a species can survive
Grade 9 Academic Science
Sustainable Ecosystems – Definitions 2
Test Support
The following terms are definitions from the Sustainable Ecosystems unit. You are asked to match the
definition with the term AND write a sentence that uses the term in context to demonstrate your
understanding of the term. All terms are found in the textbook Science: Perspectives 9 on pages 29-165.
Match the term to the definition AND use the term in a sentence that shows its meaning. Use your
textbook to find the terms and their definitions.
Term
Your
Answer
Definition
Light Energy
1. Ability to maintain an ecological balance
Sustainability
2. Energy that travels through empty space
Cellular
Respiration
3. Representation of the feeding relationships
within a community
Food Web
4. Sequence of organisms each feeding on
the next showing how energy is transferred
from one organism to the next
Carrying
Capacity
5. Visible form of radiant energy
Watershed
6. Process in which the Sun’s energy is
converted to chemical energy
Radiant
Energy
7. The zone in, on and around the Earth were
life can exist
Ecosystem
8. Process by which sugar is converted to
CO2, H2O and energy
Water Cycle
9. Large geographical region defined by
climate (e.g., precipitation, temperature)
with a specific set of biotic and abiotic
features
Biome
10. Series of processes that cycle water
through the environment
Consumer
11. Land area drained by a particular river
(…also called a drainage basin)
Atmosphere
12. Maximum population size of a particular
species that a given ecosystem can sustain
Biosphere
13. Organism that obtains its energy from
consuming other organisms
Food Chain
14. All the living organisms and their physical
and chemical environment
Photosynthesis
15. Layer of gases surrounding Earth
Your Sentence
Grade 9 Academic Science
Sustainable Ecosystems – Definitions 2
Answers
Term
Your
Answer
Definition
Light Energy
5
1. Ability to maintain an ecological balance
Sustainability
1
2. Energy that travels through empty space
Cellular
Respiration
8
3. Representation of the feeding relationships within a community
Food Web
3
4. Sequence of organisms each feeding on the next showing how
energy is transferred from one organism to the next
Carrying
Capacity
12
5. Visible form of radiant energy
Watershed
11
6. Process in which the Sun’s energy is converted to chemical
energy
Radiant
Energy
2
7. The zone in, on and around the Earth were life can exist
Ecosystem
14
8. Process by which sugar is converted to CO2, H2O and energy
Water Cycle
10
9. Large geographical region defined by climate (e.g.,
precipitation, temperature) with a specific set of biotic and
abiotic features
Biome
9
10. Series of processes that cycle water through the environment
Consumer
13
11. Land area drained by a particular river (…also called a
drainage basin)
Atmosphere
15
12. Maximum population size of a particular species that a given
ecosystem can sustain
Biosphere
7
13. Organism that obtains its energy from consuming other
organisms
Food Chain
4
14. All the living organisms and their physical and chemical
environment
Photosynthesis
6
15. Layer of gases surrounding Earth
Grade 9 Academic Science
Sustainable Ecosystems – Definitions 3
Test Support
The following terms are definitions from the Sustainable Ecosystems unit. You are asked to match the
definition with the term AND write a sentence that uses the term in context to demonstrate your
understanding of the term. All terms are found in the textbook Science: Perspectives 9 on pages 29-165.
Match the term to the definition AND use the term in a sentence that shows its meaning. Use your
textbook to find the terms and their definitions.
Term
Your
Answer
Definition
Eutrophic
1. A body of water that is low in
nutrients
Succession
2. A body of water that is rich in
nutrients
Species
Richness
3. Succession in a partially disturbed
ecosystem (e.g., following a forest
fire)
Secondary
Succession
4. A non-native species whose
intentional or accidental introduction
negatively impacts the natural
environment
Pollution
5. State of an ecosystem with relatively
constant conditions over a period of
time
Threatened
6. Harmful contaminants released into
the environment
Equilibrium
7. Abiotic conditions within which a
species can survive
Tolerance
Range
8. A species that is likely to become
endangered if factors reducing its
survival are not changed
Extirpated
9. A species no longer exists in the wild
in a specific area but still exists
elsewhere
Oligotrophic
10. Mass of living organisms in a given
area
Endangered
11. Number of species in an area
Invasive
species
12. Variety of life in a particular
ecosystem
Biomass
13. Species facing imminent extirpation
or extinction
Primary
Succession
14. Gradual and usually predictable
changes in the composition of a
community and the abiotic conditions
following a disturbance
Biodiversity
15. Succession of newly exposed ground
(e.g., following a volcanic eruption)
Your Sentence
Grade 9 Academic Science
Sustainable Ecosystems – Definitions 3
Answers
Term
Your
Answer
Definition
Eutrophic
2
1. A body of water that is low in nutrients
Succession
14
2. A body of water that is rich in nutrients
Species
Richness
11
3. Succession in a partially disturbed ecosystem (e.g., following a
forest fire)
Secondary
Succession
3
4. A non-native species whose intentional or accidental introduction
negatively impacts the natural environment
Pollution
6
5. State of an ecosystem with relatively constant conditions over a
period of time
Threatened
8
6. Harmful contaminants released into the environment
Equilibrium
5
7. Abiotic conditions within which a species can survive
Tolerance
Range
7
8. A species that is likely to become endangered if factors reducing
its survival are not changed
Extirpated
9
9. A species no longer exists in the wild in a specific area but still
exists elsewhere
Oligotrophic
1
10. Mass of living organisms in a given area
Endangered
13
11. Number of species in an area
Invasive
species
4
12. Variety of life in a particular ecosystem
Biomass
13. Species facing imminent extirpation or extinction
Primary
Succession
15
14. Gradual and usually predictable changes in the composition of a
community and the abiotic conditions following a disturbance
Biodiversity
12
15. Succession of newly exposed ground (e.g., following a volcanic
eruption)