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Transcript 
CHAPTER 6:
CELLS
P.156-172
THE CELL THEORY
 DETERMINED FROM USING BOTH THE LIGHT AND
ELECTRON MICROSCOPES
1. CELLS ARE THE BASIC UNITS OF STRUCTURE
AND FUNCTION IN LIVING ORGANISMS
2. ALL CELLS COME FROM PREEXISTING CELLS
SCIENTISTS
1. ROBERT
HOOKENAMED
CELLS BY
OBSERVING CORK
(THE CELL WALL)
2. ROBERT BROWN 
OBSERVED THE
NUCLEUS
3. M.J.SCHLEIDEN
OBSERVED PLANT
CELLS
4. THEODOR
SCHWANN
OBSERVED ANIMAL
CELLS
5. ANTON VAN
LEEUWENHOEK
OBSERVED
MICROORGANISMS
UNDER THE FIRST
MICROSCOPE
6. RUDOLF
VIRCHOWSAID ALL
CELLS COME FROM
OTHER CELLS
2 MAIN
TYPES OF
CELLS
1. PROKARYOTIC
2. EUKARYOTIC
PROKARYOTIC
 NO MEMBRANEBOUND NUCLEUS OR
ORGANELLES
 NUCLEOID AREA FOR
CHROMOSOMAL DNA
 RIBOSOMES
 CYTOSOL OR
CYTOPLASM
 BACTERIA (KINGDOM
MONERA)
EUKARYOTIC
 HAS MEMBRANEBOUND NUCLEUS
WITH ORGANELLES
 DNA IN NUCLEUS
 RIBOSOMES
 CYTOPLASM
 ANIMAL, PLANT,
FUNGI, AND PROTISTA
KINGDOMS
EUKARYOTIC CELL
STRUCTURES
 CELL/PLASMA
MEMBRANE
 ALLOWS MATERIALS TO
ENTER AND EXIT THE
CELL
 CELL WALL
 MADE OF CELLULOSE, IN
PLANTS FOR
STRUCTURE AND
SUPPORT
 CYTOPLASM/CYTOSOL
 BETWEEN CELL
MEMBRANE AND
NUCLEUS, JELLYLIKE
 NUCLEUS
 CONTROL CENTER
AND ALLOWS FOR
CELL
REPRODUCTION
 NUCLEAR
MEMBRANE OR
ENVELOPE
SURROUNDS IT
 HAS
CHROMOSOMES
CONTAINING DNA
 SPHERICAL
NUCLEOLUS WHICH
MAKES RIBOSOMES
WITHIN IT
 CYTOMEMBRANE SYSTEM
 ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (ER)
IS THE PASSAGEWAY FOR
CELLULAR TRANSPORT
 RIBOSOMES FOR PROTEIN
SYNTHESIS
 GOLGI APPARATUS TO MAKE
VESICLES WITH PACKAGED
PROTEINS AND CHEMICALS FOR
SECRETION, ALSO FOR
CELLULAR STORAGE
 LYSOSOMES
 VESICLES FILLED WITH ENZYMES
TO DIGEST SUBSTANCES
 (ANIMAL CELLS ONLY)
 VACUOLES
 IN PLANTS FOR CELLULAR
STORAGE OF WATER, NUTRIENTS
AND ENZYMES
 CENTRIOLES
 IN ANIMALS FOR CELL DIVISION
(MITOSIS)
 FLAGELLA/CILIA
 IN ANIMALS/PROTISTS FOR
CELLULAR MOVEMENT
 CYTOSKELETON
 MICROFILAMENTS AND
MICROTUBULES FOR
CELLULAR MOVEMENT AND
SHAPE
 MITOCHONDRIA
 IN BOTH PLANT AND
ANIMAL CELLS FOR
ENERGY (ATP)
PRODUCTION
 CHLOROPLASTS
 FOUND IN PLANT
CELLS FOR
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
ORGANISM ORGANIZATION
 CELLSTISSUESORGANORGAN
SYSTEMORGANISM
 EXAMPLEHEART CELLSHEART TISSUETHE
HEARTCIRCULATORY SYSTEM
CELL TEST FORMAT
 30 POSSIBLE POINTS
 17 MULTIPLE CHOICE
(WITH 1 DIAGRAM OF
PLANT/ANIMAL CELL)
 8 ORGANELLE MATCHING
 4 SHORT ANSWER (FROM
HW)
 2 BONUS SHORT ANSWER
(FROM HW)
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