Download Sept. 29, 2014 Chapter C4 Clouds and Storms Lesson 1: What are

Sept. 29, 2014
Chapter C4 Clouds and Storms
Lesson 1: What are clouds?
Vocabulary
1. water vapor- water that is in the form of gas
2. evaporate- changes from a liquid to a gas
3. condenses- changes from a gas to a liquid
4. cloud- a mass of many water droplets or bits of ice that float in the
air
Notes
• Water vapor is an invisible gas in the air.
• The sun's heat and wind make the water evaporate into water vapor.
• Water vapor is in your breath too.
• As warm air cools, water vapor condenses.
• When water vapor condenses around dust, salt, and smoke it forms
water droplets. They may freeze into ice.
• When the droplets form near each other, a cloud forms.
Oct. 2, 2014
Lesson 1: continued
Notes
• Clouds give clues about weather.
• Different clouds bring different weather.
• Types of Clouds
> 1. Cumulonimbus- Towering Storm Clouds
> fluffy, white tops and gray bottoms
> Hot summer afternoons when cool air is coming
> expect heavy rain, thunderstorms, or tornado
> 2. Stratus- Low, Gray Clouds
> gray and form in layers covering the sky
> can be thick and block the sun
> bring rain or snow for days
> 3. Cirrus- High, Feathery Clouds
> Made of tiny bits of ice
> look wispy, like feathers and are high in the sky
> seen on clear, sunny, dry day
> sign of warm air moving to you
> 4. Cumulus- Fluffy, White Clouds
> bright, white fluffy clouds with flat bottoms and round tops
> float low in the sky
> seen when weather is fair and sunny with no rain
Oct. 6, 2014
Lesson 2: What happens to water in clouds?
Vocabulary
1. precipitation- a form of water that falls to the ground from clouds
2. water cycle- movement of water from the earth to the air and back
to the earth
Notes
• When the bits of ice in a cloud become too heavy, they fall from the
cloud as precipitation.
• When the temperature near the ground is warmer than near the
clouds, the ice melts into rain.
• When the temperature near the ground is still cold, the ice falls as
snow.
• A rain gauge is used to measure the amount of rainfall.
• Oceans contain most water on Earth. They have salt water.
• Lakes, rivers, streams, and ponds contain fresh water.
• Other fresh water can be found underground. It is called
groundwater.
• Small openings in the earth, called springs, let the groundwater flow
out.
• Earth never runs out of water because it used over and over.
• In the water cycle, water evaporates, condenses, falls as
precipitation, and evaporates again.
Oct. 14, 2014
Lesson 3: What causes storms?
Vocabulary
1. hurricane­ huge storm that forms over warm ocean water, with strong winds and
heavy rain
2. tornado­ a funnel cloud that has very strong winds and moves along a narrow path
3. blizzard­ a snowstorm with strong, cold winds and very low temperatures
Notes
• Thunderstorms
> form when warm, moist air rises up quickly and cool air forms clouds
> produces heavy rain, lightning, and thunder
> Lightning is caused when electric charges jump from cloud to cloud or from the
clouds to the ground
• Hurricanes
> Forms over the warm ocean water when warm air rises and cool air rushes to
take its place
> wind speed picks up as the cycle continues
> produces heavy rain and very strong wind
> Flooding and broken trees are common
• Tornadoes
> often form after a thunderstorm has passed
> spinning funnel cloud that touches the ground
> have the strongest wind on Earth
> move along a narrow path
• Ice Storm
> rain freezes when it touches the ground in 32 degree weather (F)
> the ice makes the ground slippery
> walking and driving are dangerous
• Blizzards
> a very cold snowstorm with strong winds and heavy snow
> blowing snow makes it hard to see and causes snow drifts
Oct. 16, 2014
Lesson 3: continued
Notes
• To be safe in a thunderstorm, stay away from water, metal, and electronics. Do not stand under trees and go inside.
• To be safe in a tornado, go to the basement or inside hallway. Stay away from water, metal, and electronics.
• To be safe in a winter storm, stay inside or dress warmly and wear gloves, a hood, and boots.
• To be safe in a hurricane, go inland, tape windows, stay away from windows, water, electronics, or metal.