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Welcome to
Michigan History
Unit One PBL!

World War II History Begins on Page 91
Welcome to Michigan History
Unit Two PBL!
Michigan History
Welcome to Michigan History
Unit Three PBL!
Michigan History
Algonquin
Family of languages shared by all members
of the North American woodland Indians,
including most tribes indigenous to
Michigan.
S3 Michigan History
Welcome
to
Michigan History
 Taste
of Michigan, ENJOY!
S3 Michigan History
Arsenal of
Democracy
Detroit…The Factories and industrial capacity
that helped win WWII
Assembly line
An arrangement of machines, tools, and
workers in which a product is assembled by
having each perform a specific, successive
operation on an incomplete unit as it
passes by in a series of stages organized in
a direct line.
S3 Michigan History
Baseline
A basic standard or level; guideline: to
establish a baseline for future studies or
measure.
8 Mile Road!
S3 Michigan History
blue-collar
Pertaining to wage-earning workers often
wearing “work clothes,” uniforms or other
specialized equipment on the job.
i.e. mechanics, factory workers.
construction, tradesmen,
longshoremen, police and fire.
S3 Michigan History
white-collar
Belonging or pertaining to the ranks of
office and professional workers whose jobs
generally are salaried positions and do not
involve manual labor; often require
wearing a neck tie, suit jacket or dress.
S3 Michigan History
boom-and-bust
Characteristic of a period of economic
prosperity and growth followed by a period
of recession.
S3 Michigan History
Canadian Parliament
Canada’s Legislative Branch located in
Ottawa. Since 1867, the Canadian
Confederation (Canada) has been a
constitutional monarchy.
So who is the official head of state?
S3 Michigan History
Cholera
Also called Asiatic Cholera.
An acute, water-born infectious
disease, endemic in India and China
and occasionally epidemic elsewhere.
Characterized by profuse diarrhea,
vomiting, cramps, etc.
S3 Michigan History
Clan
A group of people of common descent:
people living as a society, or tribe…
especially as united by some common trait,
characteristics and culture.
S3 Michigan History
Copper Country
Counties of Michigan’s Upper
Peninsula where copper
mining was once a primary
economic activity.
S3 Michigan History
County Seat
The city or location of the
seat of government of a
county.
S3 Michigan History
Detroit
1. French word translates…at the narrows.
2. A river in SE Michigan, flowing S from
Lake St. Clair to Lake Erie, forming part of
the boundary between the U.S. and
Canada. about 32 miles (52 km) long.
3. The U.S. center of U.S. automobile
industry, Michigan’s
largest city.
S3 Michigan History
Chief Pontiac
During the French and Indian War,
Ottawa Chief Pontiac led a force of
warriors during an attack on the
British at Fort Detroit. This became
known as….“Pontiac’s Rebellion”.
S3 Michigan History
Ethnic Enclave
An concentrated area of people sharing a
common or distinctive culture, religion,
language, or ethnicity. Michigan has many
ethnic enclaves…i.e. Hamtramck, Dearborn,
Holland, Frankenmuth, The Keweenaw
S3 Michigan History
Fermi II
Michigan’s largest nuclear power plant
located on Lake Erie near Monroe. Mi.
S3 Michigan History
Fishery’s
1. a place where fish are bred; fish
hatchery. Also called a hatchery
2. a place where fish or shellfish are
commercially caught.
S3 Michigan History
French and Indian War
The war in America in which France and its
Indian allies opposed England 1754–60:
ended by Treaty of Paris in 1763,
eliminated New France, created British
North America.
aka: the Seven Year War
S3 Michigan History
Ghost Town
1. a town permanently abandoned by its
inhabitants, as because of a business
decline or because a nearby mine has been
worked out.
S3 Michigan History
Great Lakes
Five lakes between the U.S. and Canada,
comprising Lakes Erie, Huron, Michigan,
Ontario, and Superior; connected with the
Atlantic by the St. Lawrence River.
Containing 1/5 (20%) of the
world fresh water.`
S3 Michigan History
I-75
Major north-south interstate highway in
Michigan. Beginning in Sault Ste Marie,
traversing the state to the Ohio border in
Monroe County.
S3 Michigan History
I-94
Major east-west interstate highway in
Michigan beginning in Port Huron,
traversing the state to the Indiana border
in St Joseph County.
S3 Michigan History
Industrialization
The large-scale introduction of
manufacturing, advanced technical
enterprises, particularly of an area that was
previously underdeveloped economically.
S3 Michigan History
Iron Ore
A metal ore from which iron is extracted
and steel is smelted.
S3 Michigan History
Isle Royale
An island in Lake Superior: a part of
Michigan; Michigan’s only national park.
208 sq. mi. (540 sq. km).
S3 Michigan History
Lower Peninsula
The southern 2/3 of Michigan, south of the
Straits of Mackinac.
aka the Mitten, 97%
of the states people
live here.`
S3 Michigan History
Labor Movement
The effort of organized labor and its
supporters to bring about improved
conditions for the worker, as through
collective bargaining.
S3 Michigan History
Land Ordinance of 1787
Ordinance of 1787, adopted by the
Congress of Confederation for the
government of the Western territories
ceded to the United States by the British. It
created the Northwest Territory.
S3 Michigan History
Land Survey
Legal description and determination of
property or boundaries for the
establishment of borders and property
lines.
S3 Michigan History
Longhouse
A communal dwelling, especially of the
Iroquois and Huron peoples, consisting of a
wooden, bark-covered framework often as
much as 100 feet (30.5 meters) in length.
S3 Michigan History
“Loonie”
Canadian dollar coin.
S3 Michigan History
Lower Canada
Former name of Quebec province 1791–
1841.
S3 Michigan History
Lumberjack
Any general person who works at lumbering
or in the logging industry.
S3 Michigan History
Michilimackinac
Fort Michilimackinac was an 18th century
French, and later British, fort and trading
post in the Great Lakes of North America.
Built around 1715
S3 Michigan History
Militia
A body of citizens enrolled for military
service, and called out periodically for drill
but serving full time only in emergencies.
S3 Michigan History
Missionaries
A person sent by a church into an area to
carry on evangelism or other activities,
such as education or hospital work.
S3 Michigan History`
Northwest Ordinance
The act of Congress in 1787 providing for
the government of the Northwest Territory
and setting forth the steps by which its
subdivisions might become states.
S3 Michigan History
Ojibwa
A member of a large tribe of North
American Indians found in Canada and the
U.S., principally in the region around Lakes
Huron and Superior but extending as far
west as Saskatchewan and North Dakota.
S3 Michigan History
Ontario
Province in Canada, bordering on the Great
Lakes. Sharing Four border crossings with
Michigan. (International Bridge, DetroitWindsor Tunnel, Ambassador Bridge and
the Blue Water Bridge)
S3 Michigan History
Ottawa
Capital of Canada, population 305,000.
Or a member of a tribe of Algonquian
Indians of Canada, and Great Lakes region
S3 Michigan History
Peninsula
an area of land almost completely
surrounded by water except for an isthmus
connecting it with the mainland.
S3 Michigan History
Pioneers
A person who is among those who first
enter or settle a region, thus opening it for
occupation and development by others.
S3 Michigan History
Portage
The carrying of boats, goods, etc., overland
from one navigable water to another, or
the route over which this is done.
S3 Michigan History
Prehistoric
of or pertaining to the time or a period
prior to recorded history: The Mastodon or
Mammoth is a prehistoric beast…
S3 Michigan History
Principle Meridian
These North-South lines were established
to govern the United States Public Land
Surveys and are displayed on various state
maps and topographic maps published by
the United States Geological Survey.
S3 Michigan History
WARNING…

During instruction all electronics
must now be put away, PLEASE!

Noncompliance will result in your
phone being placed in “THE BOX”
Cell Phone Warning!
Prime Minister
The principal minister is the head of state
in a parliamentary system; chief of the
cabinet or ministry: the Canadian prime
minister.`
Justin
Trudeau
S3 Michigan History
Sault Locks
Sault Locks, canals bypassing the rapids on
the St. Mary's River between Lake Superior
and Lake Huron, at the cities of Sault Ste
Marie, Michigan and Ontario
S3 Michigan History
Section
(in most of the U.S. west of Ohio) one of
the 36 numbered subdivisions, each one
square mile (2.59 sq. km or 640 acres), of
a township.
S3 Michigan History
Squatter
A person who settles on land or occupies
property without title, right, or payment of
rent.
A person who settles on land under
government regulation, in order to acquire
title.
S3 Michigan History
St. Lawrence Seaway
a series of channels, locks, and canals between
Montreal and the mouth of Lake Ontario, a
distance of 182 miles (293 km), enabling most
deep-draft vessels to travel from the Atlantic
Ocean, up the St. Lawrence River, to all the
Great Lakes ports: developed jointly by the
U.S. and Canada.
S3 Michigan History
Statehood
The status or condition of being a state,
especially a state of the U.S.
2. Michigan obtains statehood in 1837
becoming the 26th state.
1.
S3 Michigan History
Strip Mining
Mining in an open pit after removal of the
overburden. Used in the mining of iron ore
in the upper Midwest.
S3 Michigan History
The Auto Industry
Automobile industry, the business of
producing and selling self-powered
vehicles, including passenger cars, trucks,
farm equipment, and other commercial
vehicles.
S3 Michigan History
The Big Three
Detroit based automobile manufacturer’s;
Ford Motor Company (Dearborn) General
Motor’s (Detroit) and Chrysler Corporation
(Auburn Hills…Owned by Fiat Motors, Italy)
S3 Michigan History
The Erie Canal
Erie Canal, artificial waterway, c.363 miles
long; connecting New York City with the
Great Lakes via the Hudson River.
S3 Michigan History
The Fur Trade
Beginning in the 1600s, voyageurs would
launch their canoes from Quebec to
transport trade goods thousands of miles
into First Nations lands, trading those
goods for furs valued in the east and
Europe.
S3 Michigan History
The Griffon
The first shipwreck was Le Griffon, the first
ship to sail the Great Lakes. Caught in a
storm while trading furs between Green Bay
and Michilimacinac; the ship sank on Lake
Michigan. The Griffon, built by French
explorer Robert La Salle, was last spotted
in September 1679 off the tip of the Door
Peninsula.
S3 Michigan History
The Keweenaw
is a county and a peninsula in the Upper
Peninsula of Michigan.
a.k.a. Copper Country
S3 Michigan History
The Michigan Territory
was an organized territory of the United
States in the early 19th century, between
June 30, 1805 and January 26, 1837, at
which point it became Michigan, the 26th
state of the Union. Detroit was the
territorial capital.
S3 Michigan History
The Revolutionary War
The American victory against Great Britain
resulting in American Independence and
the establishment of the United States of
America.
S3 Michigan History
The Sault
The region located around Sault St Marie,
Michigan and Sault St Marie, Ontario.
S3 Michigan History
The Straits Area
Region in both the Upper and Lower
Peninsula’s of Michigan borders the Straits
of Mackinaw.
S3 Michigan History
The Sunrise Side
Lake Huron region of Michigan’s Lower
Peninsula. Regional Tourist
Slogan... Come to the Sunrise
Side!
S3 Michigan History
The Thumb
Region north of I-69 and east of I-75.
Known for its rural setting, many
Farms and small towns.
S3 Michigan History
The Timber Industry
Commercial harvesting of both soft and
hardwood trees for the production lumber,
paper production, etc.
S3 Michigan History
The Toledo Strip
Michigan Territory claimed the "Toledo
Strip," an area along its border with Ohio
near the Maumee River. Ohio, which was
already a state, also claimed the land.
Although Michigan and Ohio both sent
militia units to the area between 1835 and
1837- The Toledo Border War
S3 Michigan History
Tourism
The business or industry of providing
information, accommodations,
transportation, and other services to
tourists, especially for commercial
purposes.
S3 Michigan History
Township Range System
Accuracy of map location can be enhanced
for any area surveyed under the township
and range system of the Bureau of Land
Management. The organization of the
township-section system is based on the
definition of base lines and principle
meridians
S3 Michigan History
War of 1812
A war between Britain and the United
States, fought between 1812 and 1815.
The War of 1812 has also been called the
second American war for independence.
S3 Michigan History
“Up North”
Destination for weekend travelers in
Michigan. Traveling to any location in
Michigan in the Northern third of the Lower
Peninsula.
S3 Michigan History
Township
A unit of local government, usually a
subdivision of a county, found in most midwest and western states. a region or
district approximately 6 miles square (93.2
sq. km), containing 36 sections.
S3 Michigan History
Trading Post
a store established in an unsettled or thinly
settled region by a traders or trading
company to obtain furs and local products
in exchange for supplies, clothing, other
goods, or for cash.
S3 Michigan History
Tri-County Area
Wayne, Oakland and Macomb Counties in
SE Michigan.
50% of state
Population can
Found in three
Counties.
S3 Michigan History
U.P.
The Upper Peninsula of Michigan accounting
for nearly one-third of the land area but
only 3% of the population.
S3 Michigan History
Underground Railroad
U.S. History, before the abolition of slavery
a system used for helping fugitive slaves to
escape into Canada or other places of
safety through Michigan and New York.
S3 Michigan History
Unions
an organization of wage earners or salaried
employees for mutual aid and protection
and for dealing collectively with employers;
trade union.
S3 Michigan History
Upper Canada
a former British province in Canada 1791–
1840: now the southern part of Ontario
S3 Michigan History
Urban Blight
Condition resulting in run-down areas of a
city. Parts of Detroit that have become
outdated as buildings age and were
abandoned as population decreased.
S3 Michigan History
White Flight
The exodus of white Detroiters to the
Suburbs institutionalizing racial divisions in
SE Michigan that have only hardened since
the 1967 Riots in Detroit.
S3 Michigan History
Unit 12 Driving Question:
Understanding the rapidly changing Post-Cold
War world we live in today; how
has technology and its application to
everyday life fundamentally changed our
world….what next?
Unit 12 Project Based Learning
The ‘67’ Riots
Latent racial tensions exploded into rioting
in July 1967, killing 43 people and sending
thousands of white Detroiters to the
suburbs (white flight).
S3 Michigan History
Welland Canal
International shipping canal connecting the
Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean move
ships between Lake Erie and Lake Ontario
bypassing Niagara Falls.
S3 Michigan History
Welcome to Michigan History
Unit Four PBL
What has the automobile industry
meant to Michigan’s past, and present
and what does the future hold?
Michigan History: PBL
Welcome to World History and Geography
WHG Unit One PBL Project
It’s All Greek to Me or When in Rome and a Billion Chinese
Can’t be Wrong…Mediterranean and Chinese Influence on
the Modern World
Driving Question:
How can our knowledge of the contributions of the classic
Greco-Roman and Chinese civilizations give us a greater
understanding of our modern world?
Presentation Day
WHG Unit One PBL
WORLD WAR II
HISTORY
S3 Terms
Starter Vocabulary
The Treaty of Versailles
The Treaty of Versailles was one
of the peace treaty at the end of
World War I. It ended the state of
war between Germany and the
Allied Powers. It was signed on 28
Nations on June 1919, exactly
five years after the assassination
of Archduke Franz Ferdinand.
A Flawed and Failed Document.
World War II History

“The Stab in The Back”
The German General Staff also would support the
false idea that their Army had not been defeated
on the battlefield, but could have fought on to
victory, except for being betrayed at home, the
infamous 'Stab in the Back' theory.
World War II History

The Night of the Long Knives
The Night of the Long Knives not only removed the SA
leaders but also got Hitler the army's oath that he so needed.
By the summer of 1934, the SA's numbers had swollen to 2
million men. They were under the control of Ernst Röhm, a
loyal follower of Hitler since the early days of the Nazi Party.
World War II History

The Twenty Year Truce
Marshall Ferdinand Foch felt that the
Treaty of Versailles gave Germany far
too much opportunity to rearm.
He famously stated: “This is not
peace. This is an armistice for twenty
years.” Twenty years indeed….
(1919-1939)!
World War II History

Blitzkrieg
(Lighting War) a new tactics required the
concentration of offensive weapons (such as tanks,
planes, and artillery) along a narrow front. These
forces would drive a breach in enemy defenses,
permitting armored tank divisions to penetrate
rapidly and roam freely behind enemy lines,
causing shock and disorganization among the
enemy defenses.
World War II History

The Fall of France
The German plan of attack, codenamed Case
Yellow, entailed an armored offensive through the
Ardennes Forest, May 1940 which bypassed the
strong French frontier defenses of the Maginot Line
a (Blitzkrieg) France surrenders June 5, 1940
World War II History

The Battle of Britain
After the Fall of France, 1940 the British Royal Air
Force fought a desperate battle vs. the Germany
Air Force (Luftwaffe) for control of the British Isles
to prevent a Nazi invasion of England.
World War II History
Invasion of Poland
September 1, 1939 German forces invaded
Poland using blitzkrieg tactics for the first
time…World War II had begun.

World War II History

Operation Barbarossa
(German: Unternehmen Barbarossa) was the
code name for Nazi Germany's invasion of the
Soviet Union during World War II, which began on
22 June 1941.
World War II History`

European Theatre of World War II
Also known as the European War, was a huge
area of heavy fighting across Europe, from
Germany and the Soviet Union and Scandinavia to
Italy.
World War II History

The Battle of Stalingrad
(July 17, 1942–February 2, 1943), successful
Soviet defense of the city of Stalingrad (now
Volgograd) Russians consider it to be the greatest
battles of their Great Patriotic War; it stopped the
German advance into the Soviet Union and marked
the turning of the tide of war in favor of the Allies.
World War II History

Hermann Göering
Nazi Party high official he was a German politician, military leader, and leading member
of the Nazi Party. A veteran World War I fighter pilot ace and head of the German
Luftwaffe. Convicted, sentenced to death as a War Criminal at The Nuremberg Trial.
Would escape the hang man’s noose by committing suicide the night before his
execution.
World War II History

Nuremberg Laws
Laws which institutionalized many of the racial
theories prevalent in Nazi ideology. The laws
excluded German Jews from Reich citizenship and
prohibited them from marrying or having sexual
relations with persons of "German or related
blood."
World War II History

Wannsee Conference
On January 20, 1942, 15 high-ranking Nazi Party
and German government officials gathered at a
villa in the Berlin suburb of Wannsee to discuss
and coordinate the implementation of what they
called the "Final Solution of the Jewish Question."
World War II History
Maginot Line
This French line of defense was constructed
in the 1930s and named after Minister of
War André Maginot. The main fortifications
on the northeast frontier included 22 large
underground fortresses and 36 smaller
ones. Despite its strength and elaborate
design, it was unable to prevent an
invasion in May 1940.

World War II History

Dunkirk
An important battle that took place in Dunkirk,
France, at the end of the Battle of France it was
the defense and evacuation of British and allied
forces across the English Channel from 26th May
to the 4th June 1940.
World War II History
Munich Pact
In the spring of 1938, Hitler began openly
to support the demands of Germanspeakers living in the Sudeten region of
Czechoslovakia for closer ties with Germany
This agreement averted the outbreak of
war but gave Czechoslovakia away to
German conquest.

World War II History

Policy of Appeasement
Appeasement, the policy of making concessions to
the dictatorial powers in order to avoid conflict,
governed Anglo-French foreign policy during the
1930s. It became indelibly associated with
Conservative Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain.
World War II History
Benito Mussolini (il Duce)
Was an Italian politician, journalist, and
leader of the National Fascist Party, ruling
the country as Prime Minister from 1922
until his ousting in 1943.

World War II History
Neville Chamberlain
Neville Chamberlain was the British prime
minister as Great Britain entered World War
II.

World War II History

Franklin Roosevelt (FDR) As World War II
loomed after 1938, with the Japanese invasion of
China and the aggression of Nazi Germany,
Roosevelt gave strong diplomatic and financial
support to China and the United Kingdom, while
remaining officially neutral. His goal was to make
America the "Arsenal of Democracy", which
would supply munitions to the Allies. In March
1941, Roosevelt, with Congressional approval,
provided Lend-Lease aid to Britain and China.
Following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on
December 7, 1941
World War II History

Winston Churchill
As prime minister, Sir Winston Churchill rallied the
British people during WWII, and led his country
from the brink of defeat to victory.
World War II History

Josef Stalin
Joseph Stalin was the leader of the Soviet Union
from the mid-1920s until his death in 1953.
Holding the post of the General Secretary of the
Central Committee of the Communist Party of the
Soviet Union, he was effectively the dictator of the
state.
World War II History

Adolf Hitler
Adolf Hitler was an Austrian-born German
politician who was the leader of the Nazi Party,
Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945, and
Führer of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945
World War II History

Francisco Franco
led a successful military rebellion to overthrow the
Spanish democratic republic in the Spanish Civil
War (1936—1939), subsequently establishing his
lasting dictatorship. ... He soon led an uprising
against the sitting administration and took control
of Spain
World War II History

Josef Goebbels
Paul Joseph Goebbels was a German politician and
Reich Minister of Propaganda in Nazi Germany
from 1933 to 1945. Promoted Nazi ideologies
related to race, politics and religious bigotry.`
World War II History

Georgy Zhukov
Was a career officer in the Red Army of the Soviet
Union who led the campaign in World War II that
saved Moscow, liberated much of Eastern Europe
from occupation by Axis Powers and that
ultimately conquered Berlin.
World War II History

Erwin Rommel
popularly known as the Desert Fox, was a German
General field Marshall of World War II. He earned
the respect of both his own troops and his enemies
World War II History

Vyacheslav Molotov
Was a Soviet politician and diplomat, an old
Bolshevik from the Revolution, and a leading figure
in the Soviet government from the 1920s on. He
rose to power as a protégé of Joseph Stalin.
World War II History

The Ardennes Forest
Ardennes is a region in southeast Belgium that
extends into Luxembourg, Germany and
France. Once the scene of fierce battles in both
World Wars, its rugged terrain encompasses
rolling valleys, meandering rivers, extensive
caves and dense forests crisscrossing the
region.
World War II History

Battle of Leningrad
The Siege of Leningrad, also known as the
Leningrad Blockade was a 900 day military
blockade undertaken mainly by the German Army
Group North. 1/3 of the cities residents (800,000)
people starved to death.
World War II History

Mein Kampf
("My Struggle") is an autobiography by the
National Socialist leader Adolf Hitler, in which he
outlines his political ideology and future plans for
Germany.
World War II History

Luftwaffe
German term for air force, founded in 1935 Led by
Hermann Goering, it became the largest and most
powerful in Europe by the start of World War II.
Noted for it innovations and advanced airplanes.
World War II History

Beer Hall Putsch
also known as the Munich Putsch or the Hitler
putsch, in Germany; was a failed coup attempt by
the Nazi Party leader Adolf Hitler, 1923
World War II History

V-1 and V-2
The Vengeance weapons – the V1 and V2 – were
used towards the end of World War II with such an
effect that the attacks on London became known
as the second Blitz. The success of D-Day had
speeded up the production of the V weapons and
the first V1 was launched on June 13th, just one
week after the Allied landings at Normandy.
World War II History

Ultra and the Enigma Machine
Much of the German cipher traffic was encrypted
on the Enigma machine. Used properly, the
German military Enigma would have been virtually
unbreakable; in practice, shortcomings in
operation allowed it to be broken. The term "Ultra"
has often been used almost synonymously with
"Enigma decrypts“… but Ultra was the code
breaking branch of English Intelligence
World War II History

T-34, Panzer, Tiger, and M-4 Sherman
Main battle tanks of WWII,
Innovations in armor, main
gun and tactics will change
modern warfare
World War II History

Lebensraum
The main reason for the Nazi expansion into its
neighboring western countries was built upon the
principle of lebensraum. Even though it translates
literally to mean only “living space,” lebensraum
carried with it the desire for the Nazis to expand
into other countries to provide living space for the
growing German race.
World War II History

Super-Marine Spitfire, Hawker
Hurricane, Messerchmitt ME-109
Three fighter plane two RAF, one Luftwaffe that
decided the Battle of Britain.
World War II History
Radar and Sonar
War winning new technologies employed by
the Allies against Axis forces during WWII

World War II History

RAF
The Royal Air Force…a defining period of the RAF's
existence came during the Battle of Britain. Over
the summer of 1940 the RAF held off the Luftwaffe
in perhaps the most prolonged and complicated air
campaign in history.
"Never in the field of human conflict was so much owed by so many to so few".
World War II History
 Strategic
Bombing
is a military strategy used in a total war with the goal of
defeating the enemy by destroying their morale or their
economic ability to produce and transport goods. It is a
systematically organized and executed attack from the air
which can utilize strategic bombers, including the B-17 Flying
Fortress, B-24 Liberator. B-29 Super Fortress and Avro
Lancaster
World War II History
 Pearl
Harbor
Just before 8 a.m. on December 7, 1941, hundreds of
Japanese fighter planes attacked the American naval base at
Pearl Harbor near Honolulu, Hawaii. The attack lasted just
two hours, but it was devastating: The Japanese destroy 20
American naval vessels, including eight battleships, and more
than 300 airplanes. More than 2,000 Americans soldiers and
sailors died in the attack, and another 1,000 were wounded.
World War II History

Battleship Row
was the grouping of eight U.S. battleships in port at Pearl
Harbor, Hawaii, when the Japanese attacked on 7 December
1941. These ships bore the brunt of the Japanese assault.
They were moored next to Ford Island when the attack
commenced. The ships were Arizona, California, Maryland,
Nevada, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, and West
Virginia
World War II History

Isoroku Yamamoto

Yamamoto a Harvard educated Admiral of
Imperial Japanese Navy, he undertook many of
its reorganizations and modernizations,
especially its development of naval aviation. He
was the commander-in-chief during the decisive
early years of the Pacific War and so was
responsible for major battles such as Pearl
Harbor and the attack on Midway.
World War II History

Hideki Tojo
Hideki Tojo was a general of the Imperial Japanese Army, the
leader of the Imperial Rule Assistance Association, and the
40th Prime Minister of Japan during much of World War II.
After the end of the war, Tojo was arrested, sentenced to
death for Imperial Japanese war crimes by the International
Military Tribunal for the Far East, and hanged on December
23, 1948.
World War II History
Fortress Europe
(German: Festung Europa) was a military
propaganda term used by both sides of the
Second World War which referred to the
areas of Continental Europe occupied by
Nazi Germany… Made success on D-Day
questionable, making it “The Longest Day!


Douglas MacArthur
Douglas MacArthur was an American five-star general and
Field Marshal of the Philippine Army. He was Chief of Staff of
the United States Army during the 1930s and was supreme
allied commander in the Pacific theater during World War II.
World War II History

The Battle of Midway
Six months after the attack on Pearl Harbor, the United States
defeated Japan in one of the most decisive naval battles of World
War II. Thanks in part to major advances in code breaking, the
United States was able to preempt and counter Japan’s planned
ambush of its few remaining aircraft carriers, inflicting permanent
damage on the Japanese Navy. An important turning point in the
Pacific campaign, the victory allowed the United States and its allies
to move into an offensive position
World War II History

The Battle of the Coral Sea
fought during 4–8 May 1942, was the first major naval battle
in the Pacific Theater of World War II between the Imperial
Japanese Navy and naval and air forces from the United
States and Australia.
World War II History

U-Boats and the Battle of the Atlantic
The Battle of the Atlantic was the longest battle of
World War II. It began immediately upon the
British declaration of war against Germany in
September 1939 and ended with Germany's
surrender to the Allies in May 1945.
World War II History
 Schutzstaffel
(SS)
Founded in 1925, German for “Protective Echelon,”
initially served as Nazi Party leader Adolf Hitler’s
(1889-1945) personal bodyguards, and later
became one of the most powerful and feared
organizations in all of Nazi Germany headed by
Vice-Fuhrer Heinrich Himmler.
World War II History
 Einsatzgruppen
(German for "task forces", "deployment groups
"were Schutzstaffel (SS) paramilitary death squads
of Nazi Germany that were responsible for mass
killings, primarily by shooting civilian Jewish
populations.`
World War II History
 The
Rhineland
Nazi leader Adolf Hitler violates the Treaty of
Versailles and the Locarno Pact by sending German
military forces into the Rhineland, a demilitarized
zone along the Rhine River in western Germany.
World War II History
 Sudetenland
The word Sudetenland only came into existence in
the early 20th century, and only came to
prominence after the First World War, when the
German-dominated Austria-Hungary was
dismembered and the Sudeten Germans found
themselves living in the new country of
Czechoslovakia.
World War II History

Convoy System
The Allies adopted a convoy system, initially
voluntary and later compulsory for almost all
merchant ships, to cross the Atlantic. Each convoy
consisted of between 30 and 70 mostly unarmed
merchant ships protected by a small fleet of
Corvettes and Destroyers against U-Boat attacks.
World War II History

Afrika Korps
German expeditionary force in Africa during the North African
Campaign. First sent as a holding force to shore up the Italian
defense of their African colonies, took control of all Axis forces in
North Africa.
World War II History

Bernard Montgomery (Monty)
British Field Marshall, the hero of El Alamein and North
Africa, was one of the most inspirational military
commanders of World War II. Montgomery was also the
senior British military commander at D-Day and retained that
position within the west European sphere of the war until the
war ended.
World War II History

Soft Underbelly of Europe
And strength in North Africa allowed the Prime Minister to
suggest that victory in Europe might come not from crossing
the Channel, but from attacking Italy. It was, said Churchill,
Europe's “soft underbelly”.
World War II History

Dwight Eisenhower (Ike)
was the 34th President of the United States from 1953 until
1961. He was a five-star general in the United States Army
during World War II and served as Supreme Commander of
the Allied Forces in Europe
World War II History

George Patton
was a senior officer of the United States Army, who
commanded the U.S. Seventh Army in the Mediterranean and
European Theaters of World War II, but is best known for his
leadership style and aggressiveness.
World War II History

The Battle of El Alamein
The Battle of El Alamein marked the “turning point” of the
North African campaign between the British Empire,
supported by U.S. forces and the German-Italian armies.
World War II History
Karl Dönitz
was a German admiral who played a major
role in the Naval history of World War II’s
Battle of the Atlantic. Dönitz, pioneered
the use of U-Boat and “wolf-packs”. He will
be named dah Fuhrer in Hitler’s Will.

World War II History

Reinhardt Heydrich
was a high-ranking German Nazi official during World War II,
and one of the main architects of the “Final Solution”.
He was SS-Obergruppenführer and General der Polizei as well
as chief of the Reich Main Security Office.
World War II History
Good Luck Seniors, remember the definition of
Commencement: A beginning or start…its not the end!
World War II History

The Third Reich
third regime or empire, the Nazi designation of Germany and
its regime from 1933-45. Historically, the First Reich was the
medieval Holy Roman Empire, which lasted until 1806. The
Second Reich included the Unified Germany under the Kaisers
from 1871-1918.
World War II History

Operation Overlord (D-Day)
was the code-name given to the Allied invasion of France
scheduled for June 1944. The overall commander of
Operation Overlord was General Dwight Eisenhower.
World War II History

The Battle of the Bulge
In December 1944, Adolph Hitler attempted to split the Allied
armies in northwest Europe by means of a surprise blitzkrieg
thrust through the Ardennes to Antwerp. Caught off-guard,
American units fought desperate battles to stem the German
advance
World War II History

The Holocaust
The mass murder of Jews under the German Nazi regime
during the period 1941–45. More than 6 million European
Jews, as well as members of other persecuted groups, such
as gypsies and homosexuals, were murdered at
concentration camps such as Auschwitz.
World War II History

Hiroshima and Nagasaki
On August 6, 1945, Hiroshima was almost completely
destroyed by the first atomic bomb ever dropped on a
populated area. Followed by the bombing of Nagasaki, on
August 9, this show of Allied strength hastened the surrender
of Japan in World War II.
World War II History

Utah, Omaha, Gold, Sword, Juno
The target 50-mile (80 km) stretch of the Normandy coast
was divided into five sectors: Utah, Omaha, Gold, Juno, and
Sword Beach
World War II History

Eva Braun
The mistress and wife (for less than 48) hours of Adolf Hitler;
she committed suicide with the Nazi leader in dah Fuhrer
bunker, under the Reichstag. Braun (born February 6, 1912;
died April 30, 1945)
World War II History

Dachau: First Concentration Camp
On March 22, 1933, a few weeks after Adolf Hitler had
been appointed Reich Chancellor, (Dachau) the first
concentration camp for political prisoners was set up just
outside of Munich Germany.
World War II History

Extermination Camps
Six centers were established in occupied Poland with special
apparatus especially designed for mass murder. Giant death
machine…Six such death camps existed: Auschwitz-Birkenau,
Belzec, Chelmno, Majdanek, Sobibor, and Treblinka.
World War II History

Yalta Conference
The Yalta Conference, held in the U.S.S.R. from February
4 to 11, 1945, was the World War II meeting of the heads of
government of the United States, the United Kingdom and
the Soviet Union, represented by President Franklin D.
Roosevelt, Prime Minister Winston Churchill and Premier
Josef Stalin. At this conference finals plan were made to
divide and occupy Germany after victory.
World War II History

Mitsubishi Zero
The Mitsubishi A6M "Zero" is a long-range fighter aircraft,
manufactured by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, and operated
by the Imperial Japanese Navy from 1940 to 1945
World War II History

North American P-51 Mustang
P-51 Mustang is an American long-range, single-seat fighter
and fighter-bomber used during World War II, the Korean
War and other conflicts
World War II History
Battle of Okinawa
Also known as Operation Iceberg, took
place in April-June 1945. It was the largest
amphibious landing in the Pacific theater of
World War II. It also resulted in the largest
casualties with over 100,000 Japanese
casualties and 50,000 casualties for the
Allies

World War II History

Manhattan Project (Fat Man and Little
Boy)
The Manhattan Project was a research and development project that
produced the first nuclear weapons during World War II. It was led
by the United States with the support of the United Kingdom and
Canada
World War II History

Harry Truman
Harry S. Truman was born in Missouri on May 8, 1884. He
was Franklin Roosevelt‘s vice president for just 82 days
before Roosevelt died and Truman became the 33rd
president. In his first months in office he dropped the atomic
bomb on Japan, ending World War II.
World War II History
Kamikaze
a member of a Japanese air attack corps in
World War II assigned to make a suicidal
crash on a target, usually a U.S. Naval
ship; the airplanes normally contained
explosives.

World War II History

Nuremburg Trials
Held for the purpose of bringing Nazi war criminals to justice,
the Nuremberg trials were a series of 13 trials carried out in
Nuremberg, Germany, between 1945 and 1949. The
defendants, who included Nazi Party officials and highranking military officers along with German industrialists,
lawyers and doctors, were indicted on such charges as crimes
against peace and crimes against humanity.
World War II History

Unconditional Surrender
An unconditional surrender is a surrender in which no
guarantees are given to the surrendering party. In modern
times, unconditional surrenders most often include
guarantees provided by international law.
World War II History

Chiang Kai-Shek and Mao Tse Tung
Chinese military and political leaders Chiang Kai-shek and
Mao Tse Tung joined forces during WWII to fight their
common enemy the Japanese. After the war, these leaders
would lead the Nationalist Chinese and Communists Chinese
in a Civil War. Mao and the communists will win and KaiShek will flee to Formosa (Taiwan) est. two China’s.
World War II History

The Cold War
A constant nonviolent state of hostility between
the Soviet Union and the United States. The Cold
War began shortly after World War II, with the
rapid extension of Soviet influence over eastern
Europe and North Korea.
World War II History

Zones of Occupation
They were occupied by the allied powers who defeated
Germany (the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom and the
United States) and by France. This was done for
administrative purposes during the period 1945-1949.
World War II History

The Yalta Conference
The Yalta Conference took place in a Russian resort town in
the Crimea from February 4–11, 1945, during World War
Two. At Yalta, U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, British
Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Soviet Premier Joseph
Stalin made important decisions regarding the future
progress of the war and the postwar world.
World War II History

East and West Germany
The German reunification (German: Deutsche
Wiedervereinigung) was the process in 1990 in which the
German Democratic Republic (GDR/East Germany) joined the
Federal Republic of Germany (FRG/West Germany) to form
the reunited nation of Germany
World War II History

The Superpowers
A superpower is a state that cannot be ignored on the world
stage and without whose cooperation no world problem can
be solved. During the Cold War, for instance, the United
States could not intervene in world affairs without taking into
account the position of the U.S.S.R., and vice versa
World War II History