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Transcript 
LIF101
Anatomy
Lecture 4:
Bones of Shoulder and Arm
The Scapula
•  A.K.A. shoulder blade
•  G. scapane = digging
tool
•  Conspicuous surface
landmark
•  Facilitates shoulder
movement
•  Furnishes part of socket
for humerus
Features of the Scapula
•  Body
•  Spine
•  Medial (vertebral) border
•  Lateral (axillary) border
•  Superior border
•  Inferior angle
•  Acromion process
•  Glenoid fossa
The Clavicle
•  A.K.A. collarbone
•  Conspicuous surface
landmark
•  Functions
–  Anchors several muscles
–  Holds scapula and arm
away from thorax
•  Fractures easily
The Clavicle
•  Medial attachment:
manubrium
•  Lateral attachment:
acromion process of
scapula
•  Surface landmarks:
–  Supraclavicular fossa
–  Infraclavicular fossa
–  Acromioclavicular joint
12
16
The Humerus
•  L. shoulder
•  Approx. same height as thorax
•  Articulations
–  Proximal: glenoid fossa of scapula
–  Distal: radius and ulna
Ant.
Post.
Features of the Humerus
•  Head
•  Shaft
•  Medial epicondyle
•  Lateral epicondyle
•  Olecranon fossa
•  Coranoid fossa
•  Trochlea
Ant.
Post.
The Radius and Ulna
•  Extend slightly laterally from
humerus
•  Articulations
–  Proximal: humerus
–  Distal: carpal (wrist) bones
–  Also with each other
Ant.
Post.
•  Ulna: has greatest artic. w/
humerous, then narrows distally
•  Radius: widens distally, then has
greatest artic. w/ wrist bones
•  Supination vs. pronation
The Ulna
•  Wider at proximal end,
narrower at distal end
•  Olecranon process (elbow)
•  Coranoid process
•  Trochlear notch
•  Radial notch
•  Ulnar crest
•  Head of ulna is surface
landmark
Ant.
Post.
The Radius
Ant.
Post.
•  Narrower at proximal end,
wider at distal end
•  Proximal end (head) articulates
with ulna (at radial notch) and
rotates
•  Distal end articulates with
carpal (wrist) bones; when the
radius rotates, the hand rotates
with it.
•  Styloid process
•  Colle’s fracture
33
34
Review of Surface Landmarks
•  Vertebral margin (medial border) of scapula
•  Inferior angle of scapula
•  Acromioclavicular joint
•  Clavicle (and supraclavicular fossa)
•  Medial epicondyle of humerus
•  Dimple at lateral epicondyle of humerus
•  Olecranon process of ulna (elbow)
•  Ulnar crest
•  Head of ulna (at distal end)
Sketch Assignment
•  Three figure sketches, showing head,
thorax, and arms
•  Nude or with close-fitting sleeveless top
•  Figure sketches (no need to draw bones)
•  Show a variety of angles and positions
•  Label surface landmarks (including those
from skull, spine, rib cage, shoulder, and
arm bones)
•  Due next week at beginning of class
Reading Assignment
•  Peck, pages 34 – 47
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