Download Name Period ______ Evolution Test Review DUE 02/ 11 /16 A

Name ________________________
Period ________
Evolution Test Review
DUE 02/ 11 /16
1) A group of interbreeding organisms (a species) living in a given area is called ______________
2) Give an example of a species. _______________
Give an example of a population. ________________________________________
3) Combined (sum total) genetic material of all the members of a population is called ____________
Ex. Genes of all the tuna in the gulf.
4) If you have 20 blue M&Ms and a total of 40 M&Ms, what is the allele frequency of the blue ones?
Show work! __________________________________
5) What do the big T and little t represent in the Tt genotype? _______________________
6) The number of each allele for a trait as a fraction of all the alleles for a particular trait is called __________
7) Evolution is the change in the ____________ (allele frequency changes) of a _______________ (population or
individual) over time.
8) What are the conditions of Genetic Equilibrium (stable allele frequency)?
9) What factors lead to evolution (change) in a population?
10) Does a small or large population have a better chance of survival during environmental changes?
Why? ______________________________________________
11) What is variation? _____________________________
12) What is biodiversity? ____________________________________
What benefit does it have on population? ____________________________________________________
13) Explain how each of the following sources contributes to the variation of a population.
i) Crossing Over –
ii) Sexual reproduction –
iii) Mutations –
iv) Independent Assortment –
v) Random Joining of Gametes –
vi) Outbreeding –
14) What can happen if 1 species is separated for long periods of time and come into contact with different
environmental conditions?
What effect does this have on the species? ________________________________________________
This phenomenon above is called ___________________________
Give an example of speciation. ___________________________________________________________
15) What is Natural Selection?
16) Natural selection occurs at which level, population or individual?
Give an example of natural selection in action.
17) What are adaptations? Give examples.
18) Compare Darwin’s hypothesis to Lamarck’s.
Lamarck:
Darwin:
Who do we believe has more evidence to support his theories? __________
19) Do individual organisms or populations evolve? ______________________________________________
20) When the finches were separated on different islands, how did they adapt to their environment?
What was the result? ______________
What caused the changes in the beak size? ___________________
21) What does each type of natural selection selects for (favor)?
 Stabilizing selection: ____________________________________________________________
 Directional selection: ____________________________________________________________
 Disruptive selection: ____________________________________________________________
22) If you found two fossils in two different layers of sedimentary rock stacked on each other, how would you know
which one is older?
23) Looking at the structures of organisms, how can you tell if two organisms are believed to have evolved from a
common ancestor?
24) Why does DNA often have the “last word” when scientists are constructing evolutionary relationships?
25) What is genetic drift?
What effect does it have on the variation of a population?
What is a bottleneck effect?
What is a Founder effect?
26) What is a gene flow?
What does “alleles immigrate” mean?
What does “alleles emigrate” mean?
27) Use the phylogenic tree to answer the following questions.
a) Which organisms are most closely related? _____
b) Which organism(s) are least related to C? ______
c) Which letter represents the most recent common ancestor of B and C? _____
Answer the following questions using the choices provided.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
Homologous Structure
Analogous Structure
Vestigial Structure
Molecular/Biochemical Evidence
Fossil Evidence
Embryological Evidence
Biogeographical Evidence
Coevolution
1. Anatomically similar structures but have different functions. ___________
Would this be an example of divergent or convergent evolution? ________
2. In the earliest stages of development, a tail and gill slits can be seen in rabbits,
fish, birds and humans. _______
3. Exemplified by forelimbs of birds, whales, pigs, and monkeys. _________
4. The forelimbs of flightless birds. ___________
5. DNA and RNA comparisons may lead to evolutionary trees or cladograms. __________
6. Bird and Butterfly wings have same function but different structures. ___________.
Would this be an example of divergent or divergent evolution? _________
7. A body structure no longer used but may have had a function in an early ancestor.
Ex. Tail bone in humans; Wings in an ostrich___________
8. Geographic Isolation would fit into this category. ______________
9. Organisms that have changed over time and have become so adapted to each other that they no longer survive
without each other. _________
10. Moth feeds exclusively on the orchid, and the orchid’s pollen is spread by the moth. This scenario is an example of
__________