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•Vocab Page E1.4
Low Pressure- A low pressure system is a whirling mass of
warm, moist air that generally brings stormy weather with
strong winds. When viewed from above, winds spiral into a
low-pressure center in a counterclockwise rotation in the
Northern Hemisphere. A low pressure system is
represented as a big, red L.
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High Pressure- a whirling mass of cool, dry air that
generally brings fair weather and light winds. When
viewed from above, winds spiral out of a high-pressure
center in a clockwise rotation in the Northern Hemisphere.
These bring sunny skies. A high pressure system is
represented as a big, blue H.
• Cold Front- A cold front is a boundary between two air
masses, one cold and the other warm, moving so that the
colder air replaces the warmer air. A cold front is
represented as a blue line with the teeth pointing toward
the direction on movement.
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Warm Front- A warm front is a boundary between two air
masses, one cool and the other warm, moving so that the
warmer air replaces the cooler air. A warm front is
represented as a red line with half circles pointing toward
the direction on movement.
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Stationary Front- A stationary front is a boundary between
two air masses that more or less doesn’t move. A
stationary front is represented as an alternating warm and
cold front symbol.
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Occluded Front- An occluded front is a combination of two fronts
that form when a cold front catches up and overtakes a warm
front. An occluded front is represented as a purple line with teeth
and half circles.
Temperature- a measure of how fast the atoms and
molecules of a substance are moving. Temperature is
measured in degrees on the Fahrenheit, Celsius, and
Kelvin scales.
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Anemometer- an instrument for measuring wind speed.
Climate- an area's long-term weather patterns. The
simplest way to describe climate is to look at average
temperature and precipitation over time.
• Humidity- amount of water vapor in the air.
• Weather- what conditions of the atmosphere are over a
short period of time
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Relative Humidity- it is a measure of the actual amount of
water vapor in the air compared to the total amount of
vapor that can exist in the air at its current temperature.
Warm air can possess more water vapor (moisture) than
cold air, so with the same amount of absolute/specific
humidity, air will have a HIGHER relative humidity if the air
is cooler, and a LOWER relative humidity if the air is
warmer. What we "feel" outside is the actual amount of
moisture (absolute humidity) in the air.
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Weather map- displays various meteorological features
across a particular area at a particular point in time and
has various symbols which all have specific meanings.
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Stratus- Are uniform grayish clouds that often cover the
entire sky. Stratus clouds mean rain if it is warm
and snow if it is cold. They look like a huge gray blanket
that hangs low in the sky.
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Cumulus- Are white, puffy clouds that look like pieces of
floating cotton. Cumulus clouds are often called "fairweather clouds".
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Cirrus- Are the most common of the high clouds. They are
composed of ice and are thin, wispy clouds blown in high
winds into long streamers. Cirrus clouds are usually white
and predict fair to pleasant weather.
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Fog- A thick cloud of tiny water droplets suspended in the
atmosphere at or near the earth's surface that obscures
or restricts visibility