Download ANATOMY 1 Dr. Rostami Practicum List #3

ANATOMY 1
Dr. Rostami
Practicum List #3 - Organs
You are responsible for identifying structures using fresh specimens, models, microscope slides,
cadavers, and illustrations, charts, and color figures from the text or ADAM computer per the instructor.
Chapters: 13-18; 19; 20-23; 24; 25; 26; 27
Ventricles (Cerebrospinal Fluid – CSF)
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Lateral (x2), third, fourth
Mesencephon (cerebral aqueduct) or (Aqueduct of Sylvius)
Choroid plexus (x4)
Meninges
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Dura mater (x2) + subdural space
Arachnoid & subarachnoid space
Piamater
Cerebellum
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Cerebellar hemisphere
Vermis
Arbor vitae
Cerebrum
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Cerebral hemispheres (left & right)
Lobes:
frontal
parietal (x2)
temporal (x2)
occipital
insula
Longitudinal fissure
Precentral gyrus (motor cortex)
Central sulcus
1 Postcentral gyrus (sensory cortex)
2 Corpus callosum
Cerebral (Basal) Nuclei (ganglia)
Diencephalon
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Pineal gland
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Pituitary gland
Medulla Oblongata
Pons
Mesencephalon (Midbrain)
3 Corpora quadrigemina:
inferior & superior colliculi
Spinal cord
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Gray matter vs. white matter:
spinal cord
Horn of gray matter:
ant./ventral & post./dorsal
Central canal (CSF)
Spinal nerves:
dorsal root ganglion and ventral roots
ANS ganglia:
sympathetic (chain)
Ear
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Pinna (auricle), ext. acoustic meatus
Tympanic membrane (eardrum)
Eustachian (auditory tube) canal
Middle ear ossicles:
malleus, incus, stapes
Oval & round windows
Cochlea & 3 scala (ducts)
Vestibular Apparatus (complex)
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Semicircular canals (x3)
Utricle &
saccule
Eye
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Sclera–Cornea
Choroid
Retina (3 layers)
Conjunctiva; lacrimal gland
Iris, pupil, chambers (ant. & post.)
Lens, suspensory lig., ciliary body
Vitreous body (humor)
Fovea centralis (macula lutea)
Optic disc (blind spot)
Heart & Large Vessels
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Atria & Ventricles (left & right)
Interventricular septum
Valves :
tricuspid valve (RAV)
mitral valve (Bicuspid – LAV)
pulmonary semilunar valve
aorta semilunar valve
Chordae tendineae
Trabeculae carneae
Papillary muscles
Large arteries:
R - pulmonary trunk to R & L p. a.
L - aorta, arch, brachiocephalic a., common carotid a., subclavian a., brachial
a.;abdominal aorta
Large veins:
(Sup. & Inf.) Vena Cava, Iliac(a. &) v., femoral (a.&) v., saphenous v., jugular v.,
cephalic v., & median cubital v.
Coronary artery (left & right):
L - interventricular a. (ant. & post.)
circumflex a.
Coronary sinus (bonus: thebesian v.)
Pulmonary veins (x4)
Spleen
1 Lymphatic system – generalized
2 Nodes: splenic nodule
white pulp (WBC) vs. red pulp (RBC)
Respiratory System (Pulmonary)
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1 Nares (external & internal)
2 Nasal cavity – conchae (x3):
superior, middle, inferior
Olfactory epithelia
Pharynx:
nasopharynx
oropharynx
laryngopharynx
Tonsils:
pharyngeal, palatine, lingual
Larynx - parts on model incl. cartilages - thyroid, cricoid, arytenoids, epiglottis
True vocal cord (vocal fold)
False vocal cord (vestibular fold)
Trachea:
hyaline cartilage (tracheal) rings
Histology: pseudostratified columnar & goblet cells
Bronchi - R & L primary
Bronchioles – terminal & respiratory
Alveolar ducts, sacs, and alveoli
Apex & base of the lungs
Lobes: L (2), R (3)
Mediastinum
Parietal pleura
Visceral pleura
Urinary System (Renal)
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Cortex of the kidney
Medulla (pyramids) of the kidneys
Hilums
Renal Blood Flow:
Renal a & v:
interlobar a & v
arcuate a & v
interlobular a & v
afferent arteriole
glomerulus (filter)
efferent arteriole
peritubular capillaries
Nephron (Filtrate Flow):
Renal Corpuscle: “Boorman’s”Glomerular capsule:
proximal convoluted tubule
loop of Henle (desc. & asc. limbs)
distal convoluted tubule
papillary (collecting) duct
Minor & major calyx
Renal pelvis
Ureter
Urinary bladder
Urethra
Internal & external sphincters
Juxtaglomerular apparatus
Gastrointestinal (GI Tract)
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Oral cavity:
frenulum (labial & lingual)
tooth
Salivary glands:
parotid
sublingual
submandibular
Tongue – papillae
Tunics (layers) of GI tract:
Mucosa
Submucosa & Meissner’s plexus
Muscularis & myenteric plexus
Serosa (visceral peritoneum)
Parietal peritoneum
Greater omentum & lesser omentum
Esophagus & lower sphincter
Stomach - cardia, fundus, pylorus:
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gastric folds (rugae)
pyloric valve (sphincter)
gastric glands (pits), parietal cells
1 Small Intestine:
duodenum
columnar epithelium, goblet cells
ampulla of Vater/sphincter of Oddi(pancreatic – common bile ducts)
villi
jejunum - plicae circulares
ileum
Ileocecal valve
Large intestine (colon):
(ascending, transverse, & desc.)
cecum - vermiform appendix
sigmoid colon
Rectum; internal sphincter
anal canal; external sphincter
haustrum
taenia coli
Liver
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Lobes (x4) and lobules
Falciform ligament
Common bile duct
Gall bladder
Hepatic a & v
Hepatic portal vein
Pancreas
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Acini (exocrine)
Pancreatic duct (to duodenum)
Islets of Langerhans (endocrine)
Pituitary Gland (Hypophysis)
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Anterior (adenohypophysis)
Infundibulum
Posterior (neurohypophysis)
Thyroid Gland
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Thyroid follicles (simple cuboidal)
Colloid
Parathyroid Glands
Thymus Gland
Adrenal Gland
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1 capsule
Cortex (3 zona)
Medulla
Female Reproductive System
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Ovary:
follicles of ovary (Graafian)
ovum (gamete – oocyte)
granulosa cells (endocrine)
Ligaments:
broad
round
ovarian
suspensory
Clitoris
Labium majus (x2)
Labium minus (x2)
Vaginal & urethral orifices
Vestibular (Bartholin’s) glands
Vagina - fornix
Uterus:
cervix
fundus
endometrium, myo-, and perimetrium
Fallopian (uterine) tubes:
fimbriae
Mammary glands:
lactiferous duct & sinus
Male Reproductive System
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Scrotum:
tunica albuginea
cremaster muscle
Testis (endocrine):
interstitial (Leydig) cells
Testis (sperm pathway):
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seminiferous tubules (sperm)
rete testis
epididymis
ductus (vas) deferens (x2)
ampulla
seminal vesicles (x2)
ejaculatory duct
prostate gland
bulbourethral (Cowper’s) gland (x2)
Penis:
prepuce
glans penis
corpora cavernosa (x2)
corpora spongiosum (urethra)