Download Definitions Appendix A 1. Blood means human blood, human blood

Definitions
Appendix A
1.
Blood means human blood, human blood components, and products made from human blood.
2.
Bloodborne Pathogens means pathogenic microorganisms that are present in human blood and
can cause disease in humans. These pathogens include, but are not limited to, Hepatitis B (HBV)
and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
3.
Clinical Laboratory means a workplace where diagnostic or other screening procedures are
performed on blood or other potentially infectious materials.
4.
Contaminated means the presence or the reasonably anticipated presence of blood or other
potentially infectious materials on an item or surface.
5.
Contaminated clothing means laundry that has been soiled with blood or other potentially
infectious materials or may contain sharps.
6.
Contaminated sharps means any contaminated object that can penetrate the skin, including,
but not limited to needles, razors, tools, instruments and broken glass.
7.
Decontamination means the use of physical or chemical means to remove, inactivate, or
destroy bloodborne pathogens on a surface or item to the point where they are no longer
capable of transmitting infectious particles and the surface or item is rendered safe for handling,
use, or disposal.
8.
Engineering Control is the use of available technology and devices (e.g., sharps, disposal
containers), that isolate or remove the bloodborne pathogens hazard from the workplace.
9.
Exposure Incident means a specific eye, mouth, other mucous membrane, non-intact skin, or
parenteral contract with blood or other potentially infectious materials that results from the
performance of an employee’s duties.
10.
Handwashing facilities means a facility providing an adequate supply of running potable water,
soap and single use towels or hot air drying machines.
11.
Licensed Healthcare Professional is a person whose legally permitted scope of practice allows
him or her to independently perform post-exposure evaluation and follow-up.
12.
HBV means hepatitis B virus.
13.
HIV means human immunodeficiency virus.
14.
Occupational Exposure means reasonably anticipated skin, eye, mucous membrane, or
parenteral contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials that may result from the
performance of an employee’s duties.
15.
Universal Precautions refers to a method of infection control in which all human blood and
other potentially infectious materials are treated as if known to be infectious for HBV and HIV.
16.
Body Substance Precautions includes blood, feces, nasal secretions, sputum, sweat, tears, urine,
or vomitus
17.
Work Practice Controls are alterations in the manner in which a task is performed in an effort to
reduce the likelihood of a worker’s exposure to blood or other body fluids.
Bloodborne Pathogens Fact Sheet
Appendix B
Diseases:
Hepatitis B (HBV) is an infection of the liver caused by the hepatitis B virus.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a viral infection that attacks the immune system and causes the
disease AIDS.
Epidemiology:
HBV – Hepatitis B
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Potentially life threatening bloodborne pathogen.
Approximately 300,000 HBV infections per year in the U.S.
About 10,000 of them will be hospitalized.
About 250 of them will die, mostly from liver failure.
Of every 100 adults who catch HBV, 6 to 10 become chronic carriers.
About 0ne-fourth of Hepatitis B carriers develop a disease called “chronic active hepatitis.”
These people often get cirrhosis of the liver, and many die from liver failure. In addition, they
are much more likely than other people to get cancer of the liver.
Hepatitis B virus can live on surfaces at room temperature for 7 days.
HIV – Human Immunodeficiency Virus
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Life threatening bloodborne pathogen
People who become infected with HIV may carry the virus without developing symptoms for
several years.
People with HIV will eventually develop AIDS.
Over 800,000 cases of AIDS in the U.S. and is the leading cause of deaths in young males in
Massachusetts.
People with HIV may develop AIDS-related illnesses including neurological problems, cancer and
other opportunistic diseases.
Not as infectious as HBV, because there are fewer numbers of the HIV in body fluids.
Very fragile virus can be easily destroyed on an environmental surface.
Risk Groups (Much the same for both diseases)
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Homosexual/Bisexual males
IV drug users
Heterosexual contact with someone infected with either virus
Receiving blood products before blood was screened for HIV and HBV
Healthcare and other professions
Modes of Transmission:
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Sexual contact involving the sharing of body fluids.
Needlestick or contact with blood through mucous membranes and non-intact skin.
Perinatally from mother to baby
Organ transplantation
Body Fluids That Transmit Bloodborne Diseases:
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Blood
Breast milk
Amniotic fluid
Cerebrospinal fluid
Pericardial fluid pleural fluid
Peritoneal fluid
Saliva
Semen
Synovial fluid
Vaginal secretions
Any fluid visibly contaminated with blood
Other potentially infectious material also includes any unfixed human tissue or organ and cell or
tissue culture containing HIV or HBV.
Signs and Symptoms:
HBV:
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Fatigue
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Loss of appetite
Mild fever
Aching muscles, joints
Nausea and vomiting
Diarrhea
Jaundice
Itching skin or skin rashes
Dark urine or light colored feces
Abdominal pain
Jaundice
***If symptoms show up, they will do so 6 weeks to 6 months after exposure and you may have
symptoms for weeks to months.
HIV
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Swollen lymph glands
Recurrent fever, night sweats
Rapid weight loss for no apparent reason
Constant fatigue
Diarrhea
Decreased appetite
Yeast infections or other blemishes of the mouth
Other opportunistic illnesses will occur which means the person now has full blown AIDS
Examples of these are Kaposi’s sarcoma and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.
A great majority of people with both diseases have no symptoms, so they don’t know they are
infected.
Prevention
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Stop/avoid IV drug use
Abstinence
Safe sex
Safe work practices
Universal precautions
Personal protective equipment
Hepatitis B Vaccination
Management and Follow-up of exposures
Seekonk Public School
Hepatitis B Immunization Program
Appendix C
Consent: I have read or have had explained to me information about Hepatitis B and the Hepatitis B
vaccine. I have had a chance to ask questions that were answered to my satisfaction. I understand the
benefits and risks of the Hepatitis B vaccine and request that it be given to me.
(PLEASE PRINT)
Last Name
First Name
MI
Birth Date/Age
Street Address
City
State
Home Phone
Name of School/Department
Signature of Person to Receive Vaccine
Zip Code
Telephone #
Date
1. ______________________ ______________________________________
Date of Immunization
Signature of clinician
2. ______________________ ______________________________________
Date of Immunization
Signature of Clinician
3. _______________________ ______________________________________
Date of immunization
Signature of Clinician
Booster ___________________ ______________________________________
Date of Immunization
Signature of Clinician
Hepatitis B Vaccine Declination
I understand that due to my occupational exposure to blood or other potentially infectious materials, I
may be at risk of acquiring Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. I have been given the opportunity to be
vaccinated with Hepatitis B vaccine at no charge to myself. However, I decline Hepatitis B vaccination at
this time. I understand that by declining this vaccine, I continue to be at risk of acquiring Hepatitis B, a
serious disease. If in the future I continue to have occupational exposure to blood or other potentially
infectious materials and I want to be vaccinated with Hepatitis B vaccine, I can receive the vaccination
series at no charge to me.
I do not wish to receive the Hepatitis B vaccine at this time.
__________________________________________________ _________________________________
Signature
Date
Bloodborne Pathogens
Efficacy of Treatment
Appendix D
Hepatitis B Vaccination
Available vaccines stimulate active immunity against HBV infection and provide over 90% protection
against hepatitis B for 7 or more years following vaccination. Hepatitis B vaccines also are 70-80%
effective when given within one weeks after HBV exposure. Hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG), a
preparation of immunoglobulin with high levels of antibody to HBV (anti-HBs), provides temporary
passive protection following exposure to HBV. Combination treatment with hepatitis B vaccine and
HBIG is over 90% effective in preventing hepatitis B following a documented exposure.
The most common side effect observed with the vaccine has been soreness at the injection site. A small
percentage of people may get a fever. As with any drug there is always a chance of an allergic or more
serious reaction. HBIG has been associated with hives and swelling. No serious reactions have been
shown to occur due to the hepatitis B recombinant vaccines (most commonly used, genetically
reproduced part of HBV is grown in yeast). A person cannot get hepatitis B or AIDS or HIV from a
hepatitis B or from an HBIG immunization.
Data is not available on the safety of hepatitis B vaccines for the developing fetus. Because the vaccine
contains only non-infectious particles, there should be no risk to the fetus. In contrast, HBV infection of
a pregnant woman may result in severe disease for the mother and chronic infection of the newborn.
Therefore, pregnancy or breastfeeding is not considered a contraindication to the use of this vaccine for
persons who are otherwise eligible. However, it is recommended that pregnant or nursing women
discuss the vaccine with their private physician.
Seekonk Public Schools
Blood and Body Fluid Exposure Reporting Form
Appendix E
Name of Exposed Worker ____________________________________________________________
Date/Time of Incident _______________________________________________________________
School/Department _________________________________________________________________
Principal/Supervisor _________________________________________________________________
School/Department Phone Number _____________________________________________________
Employee’s Job Title/Duties at Time of Exposure ___________________________________________
Employee’s Home Phone Number _______________________________________________________
Exposure Route: Blood____ Sputum____ Saliva____ Feces____ Urine____ Other____
Description of Exposure _______________________________________________________________
Have you received Hepatitis B vaccine? ______ Date of last tetanus booster _____________________
Were you wearing personal protective equipment? ___________ Describe ______________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
Did you seek medical attention? _________________ When? _________________________________
Where? _____________________________________________________________________________
Signature of Exposed Employee __________________________________________________________
Signature of Supervisor/Principal _________________________________________________________
Signature of School Nurse _______________________________________________________________
Seekonk Public School
Employee Classification
Appendix F
Category A – Those jobs in which ALL employees have occupational exposure
Job title
Tasks Where Exposure May Occur
School Nurses
Student/Staff contact
Coaches/Advisors
illness/injuries
Health Secretary
illness/injuries
Pre-School Special Education
illness/injuries
Custodial Staff
body fluid spills/sharps
Supervisory Aides
illness/injuries
School Secretaries
illness/injuries
Art Teachers
sharps/illness/injuries
Athletic trainer
illness/injuries
Crisis Intervention Team Members
illness/injuries
Restraint Team Members
illness/injuries
Identified Special Education-
illness/injuries
Teachers/Aides
illness/injuries
Category B – Those jobs in which SOME employees may have occupational exposure.
Job Title
Tasks Where Exposure May Occur
Physical Education Teachers
Student contact with injuries
Special Education Teachers
injuries
Home Economics Teachers
injuries/sharps
Science Teachers
injuries/sharps
Music Teachers
cleaning instruments
Category C – Those jobs in which employees MAY have an exposure.
All other employees
Policy reviewed and revised November 26, 2007
Policy reviewed and revised February 12, 2014