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Notes 5 – Meteorology Mrs. Gordon Earth Science Friday, February 06, 2015 What is meteorology? 1. Meteorology – the study of weather – A. Weather – short term conditions – B. Climate – long term averages 2. Weather where we live: In the Northern Hemisphere: A. Low pressure systems rotate COUNTER clockwise with RISING air. (less dense, warm air) B. High pressure systems rotate CLOCKWISE with SINKING air. (dense, cool air) Will you ‘front’ me some $$? 3. Front – the boundary between two air masses A. Warm Front - warm air meets cold air, is pushed up and COOLS and CONDENSES (clouds) • B. Cold front – when cold, dense air meets warm air, it slides under, and forces the warm air to rise As warm, moist air rises, it COOLS and CONDENSES = cloudy weather 4. Rain Shadows Air rises, cools and condenses = rain on the windward side of mountains. Air mass moves over mountains and is now dry ‘Rain shadows’ or dry environments on leeward side. Farther from the ocean = less yearly rain fall. What is an air mass? Air Mass - A huge body of air that has similar temperature, moisture and pressure. (check your definitions on previous page) Types of Air Masses: Maritime Polar (mP)– cold, moist, forms over oceans, high pressure Continental Polar (cP) – cold, dry, forms over land, high pressure (Check your definitions on the previous page) Types con’t…… Maritime Tropical (mT) – warm, moist (humid), forms over oceans, low pressure Continental Tropical (cT)– warm, dry, forms over land, low pressure (Check your definitions on the previous page)