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Anterior Pituitary Hormones (All are "Tropic" Hormones):
Endocrine Cell
Basophils
Hormone
Follicle Stimulating
Hormone
(FSH)
gonadotrophs
Luteinizing
Hormone
(LH)
thyrotrophs
Acidophils
somatotrophs
lactotrophs
Weak Basophil/
Chromatophobes
Growth Hormone
(GH)
Prolactin
(Prl)
Adrenocorticotropin
Hormone
(ACTH)
beta-endorphin
Melanocyte
Stimulating
Hormone
(MSH)
Effect:
Target Tissue (and target
hormone)
female: follicles in ovary (stimulate
estrogen production)
male: spermatogenesis in testes
200-220 amino acid
glycoprotein. 2
subunits (alpha and
beta). Alpha subunit
identical for each.
Thyrotropin or
Thyroid Stimulating
Hormone
(TSH)
corticotrophs
melanotrophs
Chemical Structure
(All are peptides
or proteins)
female: corpora lutea in ovary
(stimulate progesterone
production)
male: Leydig cells in testes
(stimulate testosterone
production)
thyroid gland (stimulate thyroid
hormone production)
190-220 amino acids,
closely related in
structure
throughout body—supports cellular
growth
mammary gland—supports milk
production
adrenal cortex (stimulate
glucocorticoid production)
various peptides
cleaved from
throughout body—endogenous
ProOpioMelanoCortin morphine like substance (analgesic)
(POMC) prohormone
melanocytes—regulate pigment
production
(role in humans unclear)
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