Download Android Development 吳俊興 國立高雄大學資訊工程學系

Android Development
http://developer.android.com/develop/
吳俊興
國立高雄大學 資訊工程學系
Android 3D
1. Design
2. Develop
•
•
•
Training
API Guides
Reference
3. Distribute
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Development Training
Get Started
Building Your First App
Managing the Activity Lifecycle
Building a Dynamic UI with Fragments
Saving Data
Interacting with Other Apps
Advanced Training
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Development - Get Started
• Learn how to set up the development environment
– Java SDK, Android SDK, Eclipse, ADT Plugin for Eclipse
• Learn how to build the first Android app
– How to create an Android project
– How to run a debuggable version of the app
• Learn some fundamentals of Android app design
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Installing the SDK
Set up the Android development environment
1. Download the Android SDK
– Check and install Java SDK if necessary
– Download the latest SDK tools and platforms using the SDK
Manager
2. Install Eclipse
3. Install ADT (Android Developtment Tools) plugin for Eclipse
Tip: For easy access to the SDK tools from a command line,
add the location of the SDK's tools/ and platform-tools to
your PATH environment variable
http://developer.android.com/sdk/installing/
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Step 1. Download the Android SDK
http://developer.android.com/sdk/
• Includes only the core SDK tools (mainly Android SDK Manager) to
download the rest of the SDK packages (such as the latest system image)
–
Checks for required tools, such as the proper Java SE Development Kit (JDK)
and installs it if necessary
• To develop an Android app, you also need to download at least one Android
platform and the latest SDK Platform-tools
–
–
For the first time, simply click Install to install the recommended packages
Anytime you can launch the Android SDK Manager to download others
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Adding Platforms and Packages
• SDK Tools (Required)
– The new SDK installation already has the latest version
– Make sure to keep this up to date
• SDK Platform-tools (Required)
– Must install this package for the first time
• SDK Platform (Required)
– Must download at least one platform to compile applications
• The latest platform version is recommended
– To get started, download the latest Android version, plus the lowest version
planned to support (we recommend Android 2.2 for your lowest version)
• System Image (Recommended)
– It's a good practice to download system images for all versions of Android your
app supports and test your app running on them with the Android emulator
• Android Support (Recommended)
– Includes a static library to use some of the latest Android APIs on devices running
a platform version as old as Android 1.6
• SDK Samples (Recommended)
– Include source codes used to learn about Android, load as a project and run, or
reuse in your own app
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Step 2. Install Eclipse
1. Download Eclipse from http://www.eclipse.org/downloads/
• Classic Version recommended, otherwise Java or RCP Version
• Self-contained executable file (zip)
2. Unzip it to your preferred location, i.e., \Program Files\Eclipse
3. Create a shortcut as you like. Start installation as the first time
of running Eclipse
• Select a default workspace (folder) to store projects
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Step 3. Install the ADT plugin for Eclipse
Step 3-1. Download the ADT Plugin
1. Start Eclipse, then select Help->Install New Software
2. Click Add, in the top-right corner
– In the Add Repository dialog that appears, enter
Name: ADT Plugin
Location: https://dl-ssl.google.com/android/eclipse/
– If having trouble acquiring the plugin, try using "http" instead of "https"
3. In the Available Software dialog, select the checkbox next to Developer
Tools and click Next
– In the next window, you'll see a list of the tools
to be downloaded. Click Next
– Read and accept the license agreements,
then click Finish
– If you get a security warning saying that the
authenticity or validity of the software
can't be established, click OK
4. When installation completes, restart Eclipse
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Step 3. Install the ADT plugin for Eclipse (Cont.)
Step 3-2. Configure the ADT Plugin
• Once restart, check the location of Android SDK directory
– Select Window -> Preferences -> Android -> SDK Location
• If succeeding, Select Window -> Show Toolbar to enable ADT toolbar
• To update the ADT Plugin, select Help -> Check for Updates
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Building the First App
• Creating an Android Project
– Create a Project with Eclipse
– Create a Project with Command Line Tools
• Running Your Application
– Run on a Real Device
– Run on the Emulator
• Building a Simple User Interface
• Starting Another Activity
The default project includes a default set of "Hello World" source files that
allow you to immediately run the app
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Create a Project with Eclipse
1. Click New Android App Project in the toolbar
or New -> Select a Wizard -> Android
-> Android Application Project
2. Fill in the form
– Application Name: My First App
– Project Name: MyFirstApp
– Package Name: userid.example.myfirstapp
• Unique namespace across all packages
installed on the Android system
– Build SDK: default set to the latest version
– Minimum Required SDK: the lowest version
for support your app
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Create a Project with Eclipse (Cont.)
3. Configure the launcher icon
–
–
May use the default to generate an icon for
all screen densities
Before publishing app, be sure the icon
meets the specifications defined in the
Iconography design guide
4. Select an activity template from which to
begin building your app
–
–
–
For this project, select BlankActivity
Leave all the details for the activity in their
default state and click Finish
It may ask to install dependencies
(Android Support Library)
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“My First App” Created
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File List of <Workspace>\My First App
.classpath
Describes the fundamental
.project
characteristics and defines
AndroidManifest.xml each of its components
bin/AndroidManifest.xml
bin/jarlist.cache
bin/classes/wuch/example/my/first/app/
BuildConfig.class
MainActivity.class
R$attr.class
R$drawable.class
R$id.class
R$layout.class
R$menu.class
R$string.class
R$style.class
R.class
gen/wuch/example/my/first/app/
BuildConfig.java
R.java
ic_launcher-web.png
libs/android-support-v4.jar
proguard-project.txt
project.properties
For app resources
res/drawable-hdpi/ic_action_search.png
res/drawable-hdpi/ic_launcher.png
res/drawable-ldpi/ic_launcher.png
res/drawable-mdpi/ic_action_search.png
res/drawable-mdpi/ic_launcher.png
res/drawable-xhdpi/ic_action_search.png
res/drawable-xhdpi/ic_launcher.png
res/layout/activity_main.xml defining UI
res/menu/activity_main.xml
res/values/strings.xml
Default Activity class
res/values/styles.xml
loads a layout file that
res/values-v11/styles.xml
says "Hello World"
res/values-v14/styles.xml
src/wuch/example/my/first/app/MainActivity.java
For app's main source files
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src\com\wuch\my\first\app/MainActivity.java
package com.wuch.my.first.app;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.view.Menu;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.activity_main, menu);
return true;
}
}
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res\values\strings.xml
<resources>
<string name="app_name">My First App</string>
<string name="hello_world">Hello world!</string>
<string name="menu_settings">Settings</string>
<string name="title_activity_main">MainActivity</string>
</resources>
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Create a Project with Command Line Tools
1. Make sure to add Android SDK paths
– set PATH=
U:\Data\Android\android-sdk\platformtools\; U:\Data\Android\androidsdk\tools
2. Change directories into the Android SDK’s
tools/ path
– U:
– cd \Data\Android\android-sdk\tools
3. Execute to check settings
android list targets
4. Create projects
android create project --target <target-id> --name MyFirstApp \
--path <path-to-workspace>/MyFirstApp --activity MainActivity \
--package com.example.myfirstapp
– Replace <target-id> with an id from targets
– Replace <path-to-workspace> with the
location to save the Android projects
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Running the App - Run on a Real Device
1. Plug in your device
2. Ensure that USB debugging is enabled in the device
Settings -> Applications -> Development
3a. Run the app from Eclipse
• Open the project's file and click Run from the toolbar
• Eclipse installs the app on the connected device and starts it
3b. Run the app from a command line
1.Make sure the Android SDK platform-tools/ directory is included in PATH
2.Change directories to the root of the Android project and execute:
ant debug
3.Execute:
adb install bin/MyFirstApp-debug.apk
4.On the device, locate MyFirstActivity and open it
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Running the App - Run on the Emulator
Firstly create an Android Virtual Device (AVD)
1. Launch the Android Virtual Device Manager:
• In Eclipse, click AVD Manager from the toolbar
• From the command line, change directories to
<sdk>/tools/ and execute: android avd
2. In the AVD Manager panel, click New
3. Fill in the details for the AVD
•
•
•
•
•
Name: My_Phone
Platform target: Android 4.1.2
SD card size: 512 MiB
Snapshot: Enabled
Skin: (HVGA is default)
4. Click Create AVD
5. Select the new AVD
and click Start
Run the app from the command line
6. After the emulator boots up,
1.Change directories to the root of the Android
unlock the emulator screen
project and execute: ant debug
2.execute:adb install bin/MyFirstApp-debug.apk
7. Open the project's files and
3.On the emulator, locate MyFirstActivity
click Run from the toolbar.
Eclipse installs the app and starts it
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Default Location of AVD files
• Android tool always creates an <AVD_name>.ini file for the AVD at the root
of the .android/avd/ directory
– ~/.android/avd/ (on Linux/Mac)
– C:\Documents and Settings\<user>\.android\ on Windows XP, and
– C:\Users\<user>\.android\ on Windows 7 and Vista
Choice: move .android from your directory to the default ~/.android/avd/
http://developer.android.com/tools/devices/managing-avdscmdline.html#DefaultLocation
• You may need to copy your AVD to .android/avd
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Exercise
Exercise: Change message
to “Hello world! Cool
NUKCSIE!”
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Installation Case
• Android SDK (2.2 + 4.2): 2.46GB
• Eclipse: 299MB
• AVD (512MB SD): 518MB
• My First App: 1.02MB
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