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Electric and Magnetic Forces and the Modern Day Compass Electric and Magnetic Forces and the Modern Day Compass If you go camping, chances are there won’t be any street signs to help direct you! That’s why you need a compass to help you find your way using the power of electromagnetic force. What is electromagnetic force? Electromagnetic force is the interaction responsible for almost everything in daily life. Magnets are objects that produce an area of magnetic force called a magnetic field. Magnetic fields by themselves are invisible to the human eye. Magnets attract, or pull, objects made with iron or other metals. If you went camping, you’d use electromagnetic force to help you find the campsite and other things located at specific points. How does a compass work? If you were trying to find your way in the forest, you would always hold it flat and look to the red end of the needle, which always points north. This end points to the strongest magnetic field, which is the earth’s Magnetic North Pole, in the Canadian Arctic. © 2013 ReadWorks®, Inc. All rights reserved. Electric and Magnetic Forces and the Modern Day Compass If you needed to go southwest or northeast, you’d just check where those directions are in relation to where you are standing and head in that direction to get there. Opposites Attract Even though magnets can come in different shapes, strengths, and sizes, they all have a north and south pole, just like the earth has North and South Poles. These ends of the magnets are the most powerful, and opposite magnetic poles attract, so the north part of the needle actually points toward the south pole of a magnet. This is because the needle is a magnet itself, and the red end that points toward north is the needle’s south pole, which is attracted to the earth’s Magnetic North. Fun fact Earth itself is a very weak magnet! The earth's liquid core is believed to be a mix (alloy) of iron and nickel, giving the earth its own magnetic field. © 2013 ReadWorks®, Inc. All rights reserved. Questions: Electric and Magnetic Forces and the Modern Day Compass Name: _____________ Date: _______________________ 1. What is a compass used for? A. B. C. D. to to to to produce an area of magnetic force attract objects made of metal help people find their way find animals in the forest 2. Why does the author describe the way a compass works? A. B. C. D. to to to to explain the electromagnetic forces involved show that they are very complicated to use argue that everyone should own a compass describe the materials it is made of 3. Read the following sentence: “Electromagnetic force is the interaction responsible for almost everything in daily life.” What conclusion below can be drawn from the sentence above? A. Electromagnetic force only occurs in the daytime. B. Without electromagnetic force, daily life would be different from how we experience it now. C. Electromagnetic force explains what is responsible for how we live our lives. D. With electromagnetic force, anything is possible. 4. The needle of the compass is attracted to which of the following? A. B. C. D. the the the the needle’s North Pole earth’s South Pole needle’s South Pole earth’s North Pole 5. What is this passage mainly about? A. B. C. D. camping electromagnetic forces and the compass the needles of a magnet the poles of the earth 1 ® © 2013 ReadWorks , Inc. All rights reserved. Questions: Electric and Magnetic Forces and the Modern Day Compass 6. Read the sentence: “If you needed to go southwest or northeast, you’d just check where those directions are in relation to where you are standing and head in that direction to get there.” As used in the passage, what does the word “head” mean? A. B. C. D. a part of the human body a person leading something to go to lead 7. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence below. Magnets are different in shape and size ________ they all have a north and south pole. A. B. C. D. and but so if 8. Which direction does the red end of the needle of a compass point? ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ 2 ® © 2013 ReadWorks , Inc. All rights reserved. Questions: Electric and Magnetic Forces and the Modern Day Compass 9. What do all magnets have? ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ 10. The needle of a compass is a magnet. Use evidence from the text to support this statement. ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ 3 ® © 2013 ReadWorks , Inc. All rights reserved. Teacher Guide & Answers: Electric and Magnetic Forces and the Modern Day Compass Teacher Guide & Answers Passage Reading Level: Lexile 1190 1. What is a compass used for? A. B. C. D. to produce an area of magnetic force to attract objects made of metal to help people find their way to find animals in the forest 2. Why does the author describe the way a compass works? A. B. C. D. to explain the electromagnetic forces involved to show that they are very complicated to use to argue that everyone should own a compass to describe the materials it is made of 3. Read the following sentence: “Electromagnetic force is the interaction responsible for almost everything in daily life.” What conclusion below can be drawn from the sentence above? A. Electromagnetic force only occurs in the daytime. B. Without electromagnetic force, daily life would be different from how we experience it now. C. Electromagnetic force explains what is responsible for how we live our lives. D. With electromagnetic force, anything is possible. 4. The needle of the compass is attracted to which of the following? A. B. C. D. the needle’s North Pole the earth’s South Pole the needle’s South Pole the earth’s North Pole 5. What is this passage mainly about? A. B. C. D. camping electromagnetic forces and the compass the needles of a magnet the poles of the earth © 2013 ReadWorks®, Inc. All rights reserved. Teacher Guide & Answers: Electric and Magnetic Forces and the Modern Day Compass 6. Read the sentence: “If you needed to go southwest or northeast, you’d just check where those directions are in relation to where you are standing and head in that direction to get there.” As used in the passage, what does the word “head” mean? A. B. C. D. a part of the human body a person leading something to go to lead 7. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence below. Magnets are different in shape and size ________ they all have a north and south pole. A. B. C. D. and but so if 8. Which direction does the red end of the needle of a compass point? Suggested answer: The red end of the needle always points north. 9. What do all magnets have? Suggested answer: All magnets have a north and south pole. 10. The needle of a compass is a magnet. Use evidence from the text to support this statement. Suggested answer: Students should explain that all magnets have a north and a south pole. The red end of the needle is the needle’s south pole which always points north because it is attracted to the earth’s North Pole as opposite magnetic poles attract. Thus, it can be concluded that the needle of a compass is a magnet. © 2013 ReadWorks®, Inc. All rights reserved.