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MESOPOTAMIA
(Lecture 3)
MESOPOTAMIA
3000-2000
SYRIA-PALESTINE
Hurrian (1700-1200)
Hittite (1700-1200)
Canaanite (2000-1200)
Sumerian (3000-2000)
Akkadian (2300-2100)
Babylonian (2000-1100)
2000-1000
Assyrian (1900-1000)
1000-500
ANATOLIA
Neo-Assyrian (800-500)
Neo-Babylonian (600-500)
Israelite (1200-721)
ziggurat as axis mundi
• physical and temporal center of universe
• point of mediation between earth and heaven
• microcosm of divine world
Themes in Mesopotamian Thought
Organization
• bureaucratized pantheon
• universe as political state (microcosm = macrocosm)
• etiological myths (origins of physical and cultural features)
• charter myths (authorization)
• concept of me (cultural definition)
Heroism
• combat myth
• heroic narrative repeats cosmogonic narrative
• fatalism and mortality
Regeneration
• vegetation cycle
• myth of annual death and return linked to agriculture
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