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Essential Question What are the major geographical features of Africa? Africa’s geographical features! Sahara • desert in northern Africa • largest desert in the world at 3,500,000 square miles • from Arabic word Al-Sahra Atlas Mountains • mountain range in north Africa between the Mediterranean Sea and the Sahara desert • extends from Morocco to Tunisia Sahel • “Transitional Land” • the transitional land between desert land and savanna • semi arid land, which is still dry but gets more rain than the desert Lake Tanganyika • deepest lake in Africa • located in central Africa • divided between Burundi, Congo, Tanzania, and Zambia Savanna • tropical or subtropical grassland containing scattered trees • receives enough rain to support drought resistant undergrowth but not enough to support “forest type” vegetation Niger River • principal river in western Africa • runs through Guinea, Mali, Niger, Benin and Nigeria • significant water source for the city of Timbuktu Congo River • largest river in western central Africa • flows through the third largest rain forest in the world Tropical Rainforest • a forest that receives more water through precipitation than is loses through evaporation – What are these processes? • more than 80 inches of rain per year • 1/5 of Africa is rainforest • Africa contains 1 of the 3 major rainforests in the world. Drakensberg Mountains • highest mountains in southern Africa • located in the eastern portion of South Africa and Lesotho Nile River • It’s the world’s longest river at 4,150 miles!!! • located in eastern Africa • depended upon for water • Flows north into the Mediterranean sea! Kalahari Desert • located in south Africa and covers Botswana and parts of Namibia and South Africa • not a “true” desert because it receives 3-10 inches of rain per year • because of the precipitation can sustain some animal life Lake Victoria • largest lake in Africa • 2nd largest fresh water lake in the world • vital in supporting the millions of people that live nearby Zambezi River • southeast African river flowing through Zambia and Angola, also along many of the borders of many countries • empties into the Indian Ocean • contains Victoria Falls Victoria Falls • It’s the largest and most unique waterfall in the world! Mount Kilimanjaro • It’s the tallest free standing volcanic mountain in the world! • It is the highest peak in Africa at 19,340 feet!
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