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Tuberculosis in the United States
National Surveillance System
Highlights from 2005
Division of Tuberculosis Elimination
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Reported TB Cases*
United States, 1982–2005
No. of Cases
28,000
26,000
24,000
22,000
20,000
18,000
16,000
14,000
12,000
10,000
1982
1985
1995
1990
Year
*Updated as of March 29, 2006
2000
2005
TB Morbidity
United States, 2000–2005
Year
Cases
Rate*
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
16,309
15,946
15,056
14,840
14,515
14,097
5.8
5.6
5.2
5.1
4.9
4.8
*Cases per 100,000, updated as of March 29, 2006.
TB Case Rates,* United States, 2005
D.C.
< 3.5 (year 2000 target)
3.6–4.8
> 4.8 (national average)
*Cases per 100,000.
Cases per 100,000
TB Case Rates* by Age Group
United States, 1993–2005
20
15
10
5
0
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
<15
15–24
*Updated as of March 29, 2006.
25–44
45–64
>65
Reported TB Cases by Age
Group, United States, 2005
>65 yrs
(20%)
45–64 yrs
(29%)
<15
yrs
(6%)
15–24 yrs
(11%)
25–44 yrs
(34%)
Cases per 100,000
TB Case Rates by Age Group
and Sex, United States, 2005
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
<15 yrs
15–24 yrs
25–44 yrs
Male
45–64 yrs
Female
>65 yrs
Cases per 100,000
TB Case Rates by Race/Ethnicity*
United States, 1993–2005**
50
40
30
20
10
0
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
Asian/Pacific Islander
American Indian/Alaska Native
Black or African-American
Hispanic
White
*All races are non-Hispanic. In 2003, Asian/Pacific Islander category includes persons who
reported race as Asian only and/or Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander only.
**Updated as of March 29, 2006.
2005
Reported TB Cases by Race/Ethnicity*
United States, 2005
American Indian or
Alaska Native (1%)
White
(18%)
Asian
(23%)
Native Hawaiian or
Other Pacific Islander
(<1%)
Hispanic or Latino
(29%)
Black or
African-American
(28%)
*All races are non-Hispanic. Persons reporting two or more races
accounted for less than 1% of all cases.
Cases per 100,000
TB Case Rates by Age Group and
Race/Ethnicity,* United States, 2005
100
80
60
40
20
0
<5
5–14
15–24
25–44
45–64
>65
Age Group (yrs)
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Hispanic or Latino
Black or African-American
White
Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander
*All races are non-Hispanic. Persons reporting two or more races accounted for
less than 1% of all cases.
No. of Cases
Number of TB Cases in
U.S.-born vs. Foreign-born Persons
United States, 1993–2005*
20000
15000
10000
5000
0
1993
1995
1997
1999
U.S.-born
*Updated as of March 29, 2006.
2001
Foreign-born
2003
2005
Trends in TB Cases in Foreign-born
Persons, United States, 1986–2005*
No. of Cases
Percentage
10,000
60
50
40
8,000
6,000
30
20
10
0
4,000
2,000
0
86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05
No. of Cases
*Updated as of March 29, 2006.
Percentage of Total Cases
Reported TB Cases by Origin and
Race/Ethnicity,* United States, 2005
U.S.-born
Foreign-born**
American Indian
or Alaska Native Asian (2%)
(2%)
White (34%)
Native Hawaiian/Other
Pacific Islander (<1%)
Hispanic or
Latino (15%)
White (6%)
Hispanic or
Latino (40%)
Asian (40%)
Black or AfricanAmerican (45%)
Black or AfricanAmerican (14%)
*All races are non-Hispanic. Persons reporting two or more races accounted
for less than 1% of all cases.
**American Indian or Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific
Islander accounted for less than 1% of foreign-born cases and are not
shown.
Percentage of TB Cases Among
Foreign-born Persons, United States*
1995
2005
DC
DC
>50%
25%–49%
<25%
*Updated as of March 29, 2006.
Cases per 100,000
TB Case Rates in
U.S.-born vs. Foreign-born Persons
United States, 1993–2005*
40
30
20
10
0
1993
1995
1997
U.S. Overall
*Updated as of March 29, 2006.
1999
U.S.-born
2001
2003
Foreign-born
2005
Cases per 100,000
TB Case Rates in
U.S.-born vs. Foreign-born Persons
United States,* 1993–2005**
100
10
1
1993
1995
1997
U.S. Overall
1999
U.S.-born
2001
2003
Foreign-born
*Includes the same data as slide 15, but rates presented on a logarithmic scale.
**Updated as of March 29, 2006.
2005
Countries of Birth of Foreign-born
Persons Reported with TB
United States, 2005
Mexico
(25%)
Other
Countries
(38%)
Philippines
(11%)
Guatemala
(3%)
Haiti
(3%) China
(5%)
India
(7%)
Viet Nam
(8%)
Percent of Foreign-born with
TB by Time of Residence in
U.S. Prior to Diagnosis,* 2005
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
All
Mexico
<1 yr
Philippines
1–4 yrs
>5 yrs
*Data exclude foreign-born TB patients for when length of
residence in the U.S. prior to diagnosis was unknown.
Viet Nam
Primary Anti-TB Drug Resistance
United States, 1993–2005*
% Resistant
10
5
0
1993
1995
1997
1999
Isoniazid
2001
2003
MDR TB
*Updated as of March 29, 2006.
Note: Based on initial isolates from persons with no prior history of TB.
MDR TB defined as resistance to at least isoniazid and rifampin.
2005
Primary MDR TB
United States, 1993–2005*
No. of Cases
Percentage
500
400
300
200
100
0
3
2
1
0
93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05
No. of Cases
Percentage
*Updated as of March 29, 2006.
Note: Based on initial isolates from persons with no prior history of TB.
MDR TB defined as resistance to at least isoniazid and rifampin.
% Resistant
Primary Isoniazid Resistance in
U.S.-born vs. Foreign-born Persons
United States, 1993–2005*
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1993
1995
1997
U.S.-born
1999
2001
2003
Foreign-born
*Updated as of March 29, 2006.
Note: Based on initial isolates from persons with no prior history of TB.
2005
% Resistant
Primary MDR TB in
U.S.-born vs. Foreign-born Persons,
United States, 1993–2005*
3
2
1
0
1993
1995
1997
1999
U.S.-born
2001
Foreign-born
*Updated as of March 29, 2006.
Note: Based on initial isolates from persons with no prior history of TB.
MDR TB defined as resistance to at least isoniazid and rifampin.
2003
2005
% with Test Results
Reporting of HIV Test Results
in Persons with TB by Age Group
United States, 1993–2004*
80
60
40
20
0
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
All Ages
Aged 25–44
*Updated as of March 29, 2006.
Note: Includes TB patients with positive, negative, or indeterminate HIV test
results and persons from California reported with AIDS.
(HIV test results are not reported from California)
% Coinfection
Estimated HIV Coinfection in Persons
Reported with TB, United States,
1993–2004*
30
20
10
0
1993
1995
1997
All Ages
1999
2001
Aged 25–44
*Updated as of March 29, 2006.
Note: Minimum estimates based on reported HIV-positive status
among all TB cases in the age group.
2003
Mode of Treatment Administration
in Persons Reported with TB
United States, 1993–2003*
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
DOT only
DOT + SA
SA only
*Updated as of March 29, 2006.
Directly observed therapy (DOT); Self-administered therapy (SA)
Completion of TB Therapy
United States, 1993–2003*
**
80
60
40
20
Completed
03
20
02
20
01
20
00
20
99
19
98
19
97
19
96
19
95
19
94
19
93
0
19
Percentage
100
Completed in 1 yr or less
*Updated as of March 29, 2006.
**Healthy People 2010 target: 90% completed in 1 yr or less.
Note: Persons with initial isolate resistant to rifampin and children under 15 years
old with meningeal, bone or joint, or miliary disease excluded.