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Please add topics and details that you think are important from our Weather Unit. Include your initials after addition - Dr.V. Weather An air mass has the same temperature and humidity throughout it. Climate is weather over a long period of time in a certain place.-NC Weather is the air mass of a particular time or place.-HZ MS Temperature Hot air has low pressure and rises. Cold air has high pressure and sinks. -ELS Conduction is the transfer of heat between two objects that are touching. Convection is the way heat moves through gases and liquids. Radiation is the way heat moves through empty space. -ELS Cold air is more dense than warm air. That’s why warm air rises and cool air sinks. -AAM Temperature: The measurement of the speed molecules are moving. MH Dew point: The temperature at which dew forms. JI Layers of the atmosphere The layers of the atmosphere are the: Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Thermosphere, Exosphere and Ionosphere. ABS and MS The first layer of the atmosphere is the Troposphere. It is also the layer we have planes and precipitation. The second layer is the Stratosphere. This is where the ozone layer and the jet streams are. The the third layer is the Mesosphere. This is the coldest layer. It is also the layer where meteors are. The Thermosphere is the fourth layer of the atmosphere. The Ionosphere is the first portion of the Thermosphere. The Aurora Borealis occurs here. This is also where the radio waves bounce back to earth and the atoms get charged. -HZ The layers of the atmosphere in order of closest to earth to farthest from earth are: The troposphere, the stratosphere, the mesosphere, the thermosphere, the ionosphere (the first portion of the thermosphere), and the exosphere. Weather occurs in the troposphere and airplanes fly in that layer. The ozone layer is in the stratosphere. -ELS The 4 types of fronts are: Warm and Wet, Warm and Dry, Cold and Wet, Cold and Dry. -AQ The coriolis effect happens because the earth rotates while the wind is blowing. JI A sea breeze is coming from the sea to the land and happens during the day.-NC An air mass has the same temperature and humidity throughout it. MS Hot air has low pressure while cold air has higher pressure JW. Between high pressure and low pressure is wind -AM Mountain Rain Shadow The side where the wind comes up, the mountain it's wet and the side that the air goes down, the mountain will be dry. The mountain rain shadow effect happens when an air mass rises up the side of a mountain. It is colder up at the top of the mountain, so it condenses to a cloud. The cold air cannot hold as much moisture and it lets it go, causing rain. As it goes back down the other side of the mountain, it warms up, but it has lost it moisture so it is dry. The side of the mountain which got the rain is lush and green, while the side which got the dry, warm air is like a desert. JI The change of gas to liquid is condensation. JC When condensation forms on the outside of a cold bottle, the water came from the moisture in the humid air when it stuck to the bottle it cooled down to make it visible on the bottle. CF Pressure: The force of the atmosphere pushing down. MH States of Matter Freezing/solidification is the change from liquid to solid. -AAM Evaporation is liquid to gas.NC Melting is solid to liquid. MS Solids- the molecules say close together and then the liquid-the molecules are close together but not as close as the solid. Gas-the molecules in a gas feather apart. KO Sunlight moves through empty space to our planet using radiation. JI The change of gas to liquid is condensation. JC The Change from solid to liquid is melting.JW The change from liquid to gas is evaporation. BP The change from liquid to solid is freezing/solidification. AQ Cold fronts are when a cold air mass runs into a warm air mass and makes the warm air mass go up quickly. Cold fronts cause violent weather like thunderstorms. Warm fronts are when a warm air mass hits into a cold air mass which causes snow or gentle rain. -AAM Solid keeps shape, particles vibrates, hard. Liquid takes the shape of the container, fluid, particles move inside surface. Gas fluid, fills the space it's in particles move in straight lines in surface until they hit something. AW All of the water on earth's surface is called surface -runoff. JC Deposition is the transition from a gas to a solid. AQ Sublimation is the change from a solid to a gas. JC If the dew point and the temperature are close together on the chart it means that the air is humid outside. If the two are more far apart, then the air is drier. MBA The Water Cycle The Water Cycle is driven by the sun and gravity. AW The hydrologic cycle is driven by the sun and gravity-KO Evaporation from plants is known as transpiration. NN An air mass is a huge body of air that stays together as it moves. It has about the same temperature and humidity all through it.-HZ The Water cycle is the continuous movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the earth.AC Mountains can create strong winds. Warm air rises up mtn. (Day) cool air sinks down mtn. (Night) This is called mountain winds.AC Sea breeze is when the wind blows from the sea to land only during the day when the sun is out TJ Land breeze is when the wind blows from the land to the sea during the night TJ Wind Winds are named after the direction that they came from. AQ Some flowers use wind to pollinate, and some animals like birds use wind to help them fly. Warm air rises, so birds may fly around in a circle around warm air to get a boost up. AQ Wind is the transfer of air from high pressure to low pressure. AQ Wind chill is the cooling effect of the wind and air combined. The higher the speed of the wind the colder it gets. 0 kelvin equals absolute zero. Jet Stream: air currents that circle the earth in a westerly direction. Fronts will happen when one air mass runs into another air mass. The front is named after which front runs into the other one. AQ The Jet Stream is winds that are flowing from the west coast to the east coast. It is harder for an airplane to fly to the west coast because the jet stream is going against it. MBA A land breeze happens during the night and it blows towards the sea.JC The weather that follows a cold front is clear skies and cold temperatures. The weather that follows a warm front is humid air and warm temperatures. MB