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Which of the following is a possible
source of Earth’s magnetic field?
a. sun’s magnetic field
b.magnetosphere
c. moon’s magnetic field
d.Earth’s iron core
How did scientists develop a model
of Earth’s interior?
a. through indirect observation using seismic waves
b. through direct observation by drilling all the way to
Earth’s core
c. through indirect observation using the magnetic field of
Earth’s moon
d. through direct observation by examining the upper few
kilometers of Earth’s crust
Which of the following has the
compositional layers in order starting
with the outer most layer?
A. core, mantle, crust
B. mantle, core, crust
C. crust, mantle, core
D. mantle, crust, core
Subduction is NOT a factor in which
type of plate collision?
a. collisions between continental crust and
oceanic crust.
b. collisions between oceanic crust and oceanic
crust.
c. collisions between crusts of varying
densities.
d. collisions between continents
At locations where sea-floor spreading occurs,
rock is moved away from a mid-ocean ridge. What
replaces the rock as it moves away?
a. molten rock
b. older rock
c. continental crust
d. compacted sediment
Which of the following statements about
shadow zones is NOT true?
A. They are locations on Earth’s surface where no body
waves from a particular earthquake can be detected.
B. They exist because the materials that make up Earth’s
interior are uniform
C. Waves bend and change directions as they pass through
Earth
D. A large S-wave shadow zone covers the side of Earth
opposite an earthquake
The fastest-moving seismic waves
produced by an earthquake are called
a. Rayleigh waves
b. s waves
c. Love waves
d. p waves
Which of the following does NOT
describe magma that causes
explosive eruptions?
a. felsic magma
b.large amounts of trapped and dissolved gases
c. rich in light-colored silicate materials
d.low viscosity
New ocean floor is constantly being
produced through a process known as
a. subduction
b. continental drift
c. sea-floor spreading
d. convergent boundary
Two plates grind past each other at a
a. transform boundary
b. convergent boundary
c. subduction zone
d. divergent boundary
Which aspect of mafic lava is important
in the formation of smooth, ropy
pahoehoe lava?
a. a fairly high viscosity
b. a fairly low viscosity
c. rapidly deforming crust
d. rapid underwater cooling
The magnitude of an earthquake can
be expressed numerically by using
a. only the Richter scale
b. both the Richter scale and the moment magnitude
scale
c. only the Mercalli scale
d. both the Mercalli scale and the moment magnitude
scale
How is the intensity of an earthquake
measured?
a. by measuring the amount of destruction caused by
the earthquake
b. by by measuring the strength of the earthquake
based on the size of the area of the fault that moves
c. measuring the amount of ground motion caused by
the earthquake
d. by measuring the number of seismic waves that
occur during the earthquake
Which of the following statements describes the
relationship between the epicenter and focus of an
earthquake?
a. The focus is the point on Earth’s surface what the epicenter
of an earthquake is located
b. The epicenter is the point on Earth’s surface that lies directly
above the focus
c. The epicenter is the point where an earthquake occurs, and
the focus is where seismic waves reach
Earth’s surface
d. The focus is deeper within the Earth than the epicenter is
Which of the following is NOT a
major volcanic area?
a. subduction zones
b. mid-ocean ridges
c. boundaries of tectonic plates
d. central continental plains
Island arcs form when oceanic
lithosphere subducts under
a.continental lithosphere
b.calderas
c.oceanic lithosphere
d.volcanic bombs
Magma is liquid rock that forms beneath
Earth’s surface. Which of the following is
NOT a condition under which magma may
form?
a. decreased pressure
b. increased temperature
c. a volcanic eruption
d. addition of fluids
Which of the following statements best
describes oceanic crust?
a. high in silica
b. low density
c. high density
d. not found on the same plate as
continental crust
Which layer represents the outer core?
A.
B.
C.
D.
What surface features are most often found
at boundaries that move away from each
other?
a. mountains
b. deep-ocean trenches
c. mid-ocean ridges
d. faults
What type of plate boundaries move away
from each other
a. convergent
b. divergent
c. transform
d. subduction
What surface features are most often found
at boundaries that move away from each
other?
a. mountains
b. deep-ocean trenches
c. mid-ocean ridges
d. faults
What type of plate interaction is indicated
by letter E?
a. continental rifting
b. divergence
c. sea-floor spreading
d.subduction
Which layer of Earth’s interior does not
transmit S waves?
a. B
b. C
c. D
d. E
Which of the following is not likely to
occur at the boundary in diagram A?
a. earthquakes
b. lava flow
c. subduction
d. volcanoes
How does subduction of
oceanic crust shown in
diagram B produce
mountains?
a. Magma rises between the plates at a divergent boundary.
b. Subduction produces hot spots, which in turn produce
volcanoes.
c. Magma pushes up the layers of rock above it, forming a
dome.
d. The mantle and crust of the subducted plate melt, and the
resulting magma forms volcanoes.
Which type of volcano is made up of only
pyroclastic material that results from violent
eruptions?
a. cinder cone
b. composite volcano
c. shield volcano
d. stratovolcano
What type of seismic waves are
indicated by the points on the
seismogram marked by letter A?
a. Love waves
b.Rayleigh waves
c. P waves
d. S waves
How are the waves at point C different than
the waves at point B?
a. The waves at point C are slower that the waves at point
B
b. The waves at point C less damaging than the waves at
point B are.
c. The waves at point B get their energy from the waves at
point C
d. The waves at point C are S waves, while the waves at
point B are surface waves
How do scientists find the epicenter of an
earthquake
a. by comparing arrival times of P waves and S waves at
several seismograph stations
b. by digging at several locations and comparing data
c. by comparing departure times of P waves and S waves
at several seismograph stations
d. by reviewing satellite photos of tsunamis
The picture shows changes in human
structures after an earthquake. What process
causes an earthquake and results in the
offset of the structures and roads shown?
a. focusing
b. subduction
c. surface waves
d. elastic rebound
Which of the following does not signal a
volcanic eruption?
a. an increase in thunderstorms near the volcano
b. a change in earthquake activity
c. a change in the amount and compositions of
volcanic gases
d. bulging of volcano surface
What surface features are most often found
at boundaries that move away from each
other?
a. lithosphere
b. core
c. mantle
d. crust
Explosive eruptions commonly result from
a. aa lava
b. felsic magma
c. mafic magma
d. pahoehoe lava