Download Ideas That Shaped Darwin`s Thinking 16.2

Name __________________________________
Ideas That Shaped Darwin’s Thinking 16.2
Geology:
Period _____ Date ____________ Seat _______
The study of the origin, history, and
structure of the earth.
1726-1797
Paleontology: The study of fossils of organisms
that lived very long ago (prehistoric).
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
The founder of modern geology.
Deep Time: The Earth’s history is
so long (millions of years) that it
is difficult to imagine.
First hominids
Age of
mammals
James Hutton
1797-1875
O-S Line: Global cooling due rise of nonvascular plants (mosses, liverworts)
Late Devonian: Global cooling due to rise of vascular plants.
P-T Line: Largest extinction (90% of life). Unknown cause (volcanism or asteroid most likely)
J-T Line: Volcanism causing global warming.
K-T Line: Asteroid (Mexico's Yucatán Peninsula crater)
The geologic processes in the past
work like the geologic processes of
today. “The present is the key to
the past.”
First apes
Asteroid
Age of
Dinosaurs
Charles Lyell
Unknown
River Valley
Mountain
Fault
Age of
fish
Vocano
Plain
Dike
Magma
Chamber
The oldest layers are at the __________________
bottom
and the youngest layers are on the ____________________.
top
younger
Crosscutting events (faults, dikes) are ___________________
than the layers they cut through.
1
Name __________________________________
Ideas That Shaped Darwin’s Thinking 16.2
Period _____ Date ____________ Seat _______
Thomas Malthus: An economist who wrote about
change in human populations.
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck: His hypothesis of how
evolution works consisted of two ideas.
I need a
longer neck.
1766-1834
1744-1829
Idea 1: Law of Acquired
Characteristics.
Organisms are born with
a desire to become
better.
Lamarck
Individuals
can evolve
No
competition
needed
Darwin
Populations
evolve
Competition
required
 More people are born than die which leads to
overcrowding.
Cholera outbreak in London Soho
 Overcrowding results in district 1854. Competing
hypotheses: Miasma (Stinky air) vs
o War
Waterborne. Outbreak was due to
raw sewage from open sewers being
o Disease (Cholera)
dumped into the river Thames
(pronounced Tems).
o Starvation
Idea 2: Inheritance of
Acquired Traits.
Acquired traits could
be passed on to
offspring.
Artificial Selection: The selective breeding of plants
and animals to promote desirable traits in offspring.
2
Wolf
Same species but of different varieties (breeds)