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Unwrap the objective • Factual: Identify Personal, Political, and Economic rights of citizenship • Conceptual: Distinguish between Personal, Political, and Economic rights of citizenship • Communicative: Explain the differences between Personal, Political, and Economic rights Agenda • Unwrap the Objectives • Notes • Lecture • Exit Ticket • Create a Graphic Organizer • Political cartoon Analysis Essential Question • What are some of the rights that you have as a citizen in the United States and why are they important? Role of the Citizen in American Democracy UNIT 5 Personal, Political, & Economic Rights of Citizenship PART 1 Brain Storm Create a list of Rights Rights • Moral or legal entitlement to have or obtain something or to act in a certain way. • Natural rights are rights that everyone is entitled to by nature • Ex. Life and liberty • Legal rights are rights that come from laws ether man made or divine • Ex. Education and Salvation Rights of a Citizen • These are legal rights that come from the constitution and in fact, many of them are extended to non-citizens • Aliens (one that belongs to a foreign nation or country) • the term for non citizen residents of the United States • Because the U.S. constitution rarely uses the term “citizen” the supreme court has ruled that rights granted by the constitution are granted to all persons even aliens, unless specifically stated by the constitution Personal Rights • The rights that a person has over their own body and to make decisions about their own lives • These include right to speech, worship, choice, etc. • In the United States, the freedom of a citizen allows them to make decisions about their own life with little to no government interference Job of Choice • In the United States, citizens have a right to chose the type of career they wish to pursue and can choose to change their minds when they want • Immigrants, on the other hand, do not have the same rights • Visas can limit a persons job choices • Legal status can also limit a persons job choices Political Rights • Refers to the rights that citizens have to either participate or not in government. • This includes choosing whether or not to join a political party or to leave or switch parties as they wish • Voting is also the cornerstone of this right in a democracy • Running for office is also a political right • Political rights even include the ability to disagree with other parties Political cartoon Analysis • What is the message of this cartoon? • According to the cartoon, who’s message is it? • According to the cartoon, what action should you take? • What is another way to express this idea? • What symbolism do you see? The right to vote • All states require a person to be a citizen to vote in national elections • President, senator, and congress • Some local communities do allow non-citizen residents to vote on local matters • City council, mayor, and local ordinances Economic Rights • Includes the right to basic necessities, such as food and health care • The ability to make one’s own economic decisions • Choosing how to spend their money • Where they would like to seek employment • The ability to create their own jobs Private Property • In the United States, citizens and even permanent residents have the right to own property that cannot be seized by the government without due process of law • Government can not take a persons property without proving first in court that it is in the best interest of the community that the property be taken • If it is taken, the owner must be repaid market value for the property Graphic Organizer • Create a graphic organizer that illustrates the three types of rights that we discussed and list three examples of each. Unwrap the Objectives • Factual: Define civic duties and responsibilities • Conceptual: Differentiate between civic duties and responsibilities • Communicative: Illustrate ether a civic duty or responsibility The Essential Question • Why are civic duties and responsibilities important to the function of a democracy? Agenda • Unwrap the Objectives • Notes • Lecture • Exit Ticket • Political cartoon Analysis • Create a Flyer Civic Participation PART 2 Duties Vs. Responsibilities • Duties are things that we have to do • If we do not do these things then the government could take legal action against us • Responsibilities are things that we should do • There is no penalty for not doing these things, but they need to be done to help our democracy flourish You decide • On your activity sheet, record whether you think the following topics are duties or responsibilities • Decide if you agree with the way they are classified give one reason you agree or disagree Voting • There are no legal penalties for not voting • However, some argue that with the sacrifice that some have made for us to have that right vote, that it is a moral duty • Counter • While voting is one of the greatest rights we have, it should not be taken lightly • The founders never intended on uninformed people voting • Therefore, one can argue that an uniformed vote is not what people sacrificed their lives for • An uninformed vote can easily cancel out a well informed and planned vote Paying Taxes • The IRS was created to collect and prosecute people for failing to pay their full tax portion • The founding fathers declared independence because of taxes • The government allows people to deduct deferent things from their taxes which leads many people on the search for the greatest deductions possible • Counter • Without taxes, the government can not fund vital programs like: • Defense, affordable food, education, and even housing Political Cartoon Analysis 1 • According to the cartoon, why would a person not want to run for office? • According to the cartoon, why does the average person think about running for office? Running for Office • No one is forced to run for office • The best way to get the kind of change that you want or believe in is to make the change yourself • Counter • Morally, people argue that if you think you know how things should be done then you should produce the change your self • This is a rare opportunity that we have if we don’t like the governor, we can challenge that person in the next election • Winning is not always the goal. Some people run just to get their message across and force the main candidate's to look more closely at an issue Political Cartoon Analysis 2 • Is the man on trial really being judged by a jury of his peers? • Why is a jury of your peers important to a fair trial? • What would the jury look like if it were a jury of his peers? • Why is it important to serve on a jury when you are asked? Serving on a Jury • The constitution entitles people to a trial by a jury of their peers • To have this right for ourselves, we must do our part to provide the right to others • If a person is called to serve, they are legally required to serve or provide a compelling argument as to why surviving would be to great a burden • Counter • For religious and moral reasons, some people object because they don’t want to judge others Create a flyer • On the Back of Your Activity Sheet • Create a flyer that illustrates the importance of one of the Duties or Responsibilities that we discussed today? • Must have • The duty or responsibility clearly stated • Three reason for its importance Unwrap Objectives • Factual: Identify Civil Rights issues in the united states • Conceptual: Explain why different groups have fought for Civil Rights in the united States • Communicative: Illustrate the rights that different groups of people have fought for in the United States Agenda • Unwrap the Objectives • Notes • Lecture • Exit Ticket • Make a prediction • 3,2,1, Reflection • Create a graphic organizer Essential Question How have civil rights evolved over time to include a more diverse groups of citizens? The Evolution of Civil Rights PART 3 Civil Rights • The rights of citizens to political and social freedom and equality • In the United States, there have been several successful civil rights movements and some are still on going • A civil rights movement is a movement meant to increase a groups’ political and social freedom and equality • Some examples include: • African Americans (right to vote and end Jim crow), Women's rights(suffrage equal pay for equal work), and LGBT (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, & Transgender, ) Make a prediction • List groups of people that you think have had to fight for Civil Rights in the United States • What types of Rights do you think they had to fight for Voting Rights • The right to vote has expanded greatly over the history of the United States and many different groups have campaigned for the right to vote to be extended to them Voting Rights Time Line • In 1790, only white property owning males could vote • In 1850, property ownership and tax requirements eliminated so that most white men could vote • In 1855, first literacy test for voting to discriminate against Irish-Catholic immigrants • In 1870, the 15th Amendment was passed giving former slaves the right to vote and protecting the rights of most adult males of any race • In 1889, the first poll tax was adopted to discriminate African American voting in the south Voting Rights Time Line (continued) • In 1890, literacy tests adopted in the south to discourage African American voters • (Grandfather clause let people who could vote before 1870 and their descendent vote without passing the test) • In 1915, in Guinn v. United States the Supreme Court rules grandfather clauses are in conflict of with the 15th Amendment • In 1920, the 19th Amendment guarantees women’s suffrage • In 1924, Indian Citizenship Act grants all Native Americans rights of citizens, including the right to vote Voting Rights Time Line (continued) • In 1944, The Supreme Court outlaws “white primaries” and the court declares the process to be a public process and is bound by the 15th Amendment • In 1957, the civil rights act creates the Civil Rights Commission to investigate voter discrimination • In 1960, Gerrymandering is out lawed • In 1964, the 24th Amendment outlaws poll tax in federal elections • In 1965, Dr. King mounts voter registration drive to draw attention to African American voting rights Voting Rights Time Line (continued) • In 1965, Voting Rights Act protects minority voters and eliminates voting barriers • In 1966, the Supreme Court eliminates the poll tax • In 1970, Literacy requirements are banned for five years • In 1971, the 26th amendment sets the voting age at 18 • In 1975, Literacy requirements are permanently removed Equal Employment Opportunities • Not all parts of the Civil Rights movement have to do with the way government interacts with its people but also how people interact with other people. • During the colonial era, employment discrimination took hold in the United States • Women were not allowed to go to school as long as men were This led to a reduction of opportunities after school • Most women could not own their own property. What they had or made belonged to their husbands • Equal Employment Opportunities (continued) • Slaves were rarely taught skilled jobs • Parents often collected the checks of children that worked • Even white men were discriminated against based on their nationality • On top of all that, there was very little government oversite to provide safe working places and ensure equal pay Equal Employment Opportunities (continued) • As the Civil Rights movements begin to increase the freedom of people, a new component is added. • Equal Employment Opportunities means to end employment discrimination based on race, color, age, sex, national origin, religion, or mental or physical disability. • Without Equal Employment laws, employers could • Refuse to hire someone just because of who they are or where the come from • Pass someone over for a promotion • Pay a person a lower wage then another employee doing the same work 3,2,1, Reflection • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fZrKr4QiSzg Equal Employment Opportunities (continued) • Some types of discrimination • Race: not hiring someone because of their race or skipping them for a promotion • Sex: not hiring a woman that just got married because she will likely need time off soon to have baby • Religion: not letting someone wear a religious item to work • Age: not hiring a person because they will retire soon • Health: not hiring somebody that is in a wheelchair Fair Housing • Prior to the Civil Rights movement, sellers and landlords had very little oversight and could refuse to sell or rent to whoever they chose, and landlords could choose to charge more rent for minorities • This was used to keep minorities out of certain parts of town • In 1968, not long after the death of Dr. King, a Civil Rights act was passed. Title VIII (8) gave the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) the oversight into fair housing practices Gender Discrimination • Gender discrimination is any type of discrimination that occurs because of a persons gender • Not hiring a newly wed because she may get pregnant soon • Not paying a woman that same as a man for doing the same job • Skipping a person for promotion to promote someone of the opposite sex, but same or less experiences Graphic Organizer • Create a graphic organizer that shows the rights that different groups have fought for in the United States • Minorities, Women, Disabled, Immigrants Unwrap the Objectives • Factual: Identify different types of political media • Conceptual: Explain the impact of different types of media on public opinion in politics • Communicative: Evaluate the role of the media in United States politics Agenda • Unwrap the Objectives • Notes • Lecture • Exit Ticket • Make a prediction • You decide • Graphic organizer Essential Question • What role should the media play in American politics? The Role Of the Media In American Politics PART 4 The Role of the Media • When our nation was founded, the primary media outlet was the newspaper. • During and leading up to the revolution, the newspapers were used to rally people to the cause of freedom and liberty • After the war, the newspapers began to take sides in the political debates that raged across the country • Most large cities had a newspaper for each political party that published articles that favored their candidate Picture Analysis • What do all of the posters have in common? • How do the posters motivate people to do something? • Why do you think that posters like this work? • What characteristic are these posters trying to stir up in you? Picture Analysis • What do all of the posters have in common? • How do the posters motivate people to do something? • Why do you think that posters like this work? • What characteristic are these posters trying to stir up in you? Evolution to Propaganda • One could debate if there ever really was a newspaper reporter that was loyal to the truth • Before long, newspaper headquarters began to function as political headquarters during elections • With articles having a clear bias, the stories quickly became Propaganda • Propaganda - information, especially of a biased or misleading nature, used to promote or publicize a particular political cause or point of view. The Danger of Propaganda • Propaganda is a dangerous tool in the hands of the wrong people because it can be used to get ordinary people to do incredible things • Propaganda is a tool used when a person or group is trying to win the hearts and minds of another group so that they will do something • During wars, it is not uncommon to see the other side as not human • This makes it easier for soldiers to kill enemies in battle • During elections, it is used to get people to vote in a pre-planned way Media and Public Opinion • Just like newspapers were used to persuade the colonists to fight, the revolutionary war media is still used to impact politics by changing public opinion • Media - the main means of mass communication (broadcasting, publishing, and the Internet), regarded collectively. • Today, there are more choices than ever for people to get their information • This brings new dangers Make a Prediction • On you activity sheet, list different types of media that relays information to people • Now, list ways that politicians and elected officials could use those types of media to get their message out to the American people. Newspapers • Newspapers are the oldest form of communication in the country, and as such, are in decline • Fewer and fewer people are reading newspapers then ever before • In New Orleans, the once daily paper has reduce prints to just a few days a week to cut costs • The newspapers that want to survive today are changing to a digital transcription that can be updated instantly Radio • After the newspaper, the radio is the second oldest means of communication used today • Radio was the first instant mass communication media • Instantly people over great distances could hear the same message • And as early as the 1930 some form of talk radio has existed Radio Today • Most of the political radio today takes the form of talk radio where a host or a group of hosts interview people or take questions from their listeners to discuss political topics of the day • Most radio stations have a very obvious slant or lean • Meaning that they favor a political party or idea over the others • With talk radio, people are able to connect through a host to thousands of other people that share a similar belief Talk Radio • Talk radio is dominated by syndicated hosts that are broadcasted across the country live where callers from across the country can call in to give their opinion on topics and ask questions • These questions are usually answered by the host or a guest that they are interviewing or even sometimes by other callers • Talk radio can also be a great place for candidates to get their message out to voters or for elected officials to be questioned by the public Television • Like the radio, television gives people near instant connection across the country • People feel connected knowing they are watching the same thing as someone else. • News channels have evolved from hour long programs to 24 hour broadcasting • Just like newspapers and radio, the news channels also have taken sides. Some are more neutral, but others are more clear Television (Continued) • The television allows people to see candidates in real life, which has greatly changed the way people run for office • Kennedy and Nixon were the first two presidential candidates to square off in a live debate • Those watching thought that Kennedy won and those listening on the radio thought Nixon won • Kennedy had help from Hollywood, such as makeup artists and actors • From this point on, tv played an ever-growing roll in how Americans choose to cast their vote The Internet • This modern form of mass communication could easily take the place of the other three and more • The internet is the media format with the most potential and therefore, the most danger. • There is no one to fact check the internet and anyone can post whatever they want whenever the want • With the ability to hide one’s identity, people become in boldened to say what they want with little consequences The Internet (continued) • The internet is the number one source of Fake News • News that is passed off as real, but is completely made up of lies • Some comes from people that simply want to undermine a candidate. It also comes from crazy conspiracy people. • Facebook, Snap Chat, and Twitter make anyone with a connection a reporter, able to make whatever claim they want whenever they want • This has already lead to false news reports during the last election Create a Graphic Organizer • Create a graphic Organizer of the pros and cons of the media’s involvement in American politics Pros Cons Unwrap the Objectives • Factual: Define Campaigns • Conceptual: Explain the Role of Campaigns, Campaign Financing, and the Electoral College in the American political System • Communicative: Make an argument about the electoral college Agenda • Unwrap Objectives • Lecture • Take Notes • Political Cartoon Analysis • Create a Graphic organizer Essential Question • Explain how political campaigns either unite or divide the voters of the United States. American Elections PART 5 Political Campaigns • Work in an organized and active way toward a particular goal, typically a political or social one • A political campaign is the process by which voters are persuaded to vote for a particular candidate for office. • The size and structure vary based on the money that the candidate is able to raise and how important the election is Campaign Structure • Candidate – Operates as the head of the campaign. This person has final decision on all matters • Managers – are responsible for the day to day operations of their departments • Interns – are non-paid employ's that are working for experience in government so that they can get a paid job in the future • Volunteers – non-paid workers that believe in the cause or the candidate Campaign Finance • Campaign Finance refers to the rules on how a campaign is paid for • Candidates are allowed to put as much of their own money into their campaign, but many depend on donations from voters • The citizens are limited in the amount that they are allowed to donate to a campaign Political Cartoon Analysis 1 • According to the cartoon, which party would like to see campaign financing reformed? • Why would both parties agree on this issue? PAC’S • PAC’s are groups that are able to collect larger amounts of money and can spend that money in the election to support a candidate, but without giving the money to the candidate • PAC’s spend their money on ads that support candidates or that attack candidates. • PAC’s usually highlight a few key election topics • These are the commercials that end with a statement of “Paid for by Save America PAC” and not the name of a candidate. Political Cartoon Analysis 2 • According to the cartoon, who does the politician represent? • Does the article believe that PACs are a good thing? Why? Elections • In the United States, we have a few different elections that are held or conducted in different ways • In presidential races, we have a primary system where each party holds elections or caucuses to determine who the party will nominate to run for president in the general election • In some states with some parties, the caucuses can be very simple, just like a popular vote, or more complicated • The Iowa Democratic Caucuses is more complicated Iowa Caucuses • The Democratic party uses a caucus system where voters show up and campaign for their favorite candidate • They then form groups based on who they support. Undecide voters group in the middle and groups that do not meet a minimum number must disband and join other groups • People then try to convince the undecided to join their group till they work their way down to a candidate getting enough supporters to win that caucuses Plurality • When the number of votes cast for a candidate who receives more than any other, but does not receive an absolute majority • This happens most often in elections where there are lots of people running for one office • This is also how most candidates win a primary, particularly in the Republican “winner take all” type primaries • In Louisiana, a state representative is not able to win like this • The two top candidates will face off in a runoff to determine the winner Majority • For many elections, a candidate must get a majority vote • That is one vote over half or 50.1% • For many elections that require a majority, a runoff is needed to reach a majority • A runoff election is an election that is between the top two vote earners from the first election • Ex. Candidate A receives 45% , Candidate B receives 30%, and Candidate C revives 25% • Candidate A and B will take part in the Runoff election The Electoral College • These are the people who actually vote for president of the United States • While many people think that we should use the national popular vote ,the Electoral College insures that each state has a say in the election of president • This is done by off-setting the power of the larger states Political Cartoon Analysis 3 • What is this cartoon saying about the electoral college process? • Is this cartoon accurate? The United States Census • This is the official counting of all people inside of the United States • The constitution mandates that the Census must take place every ten years • The numbers from the Census are used to determine the number of representatives that a state has in Congress. • The population break down is also used to help draw or redraw voting districts Create a Graphic Organizer • Create a graphic Organizer of the pros and cons of the Electoral College. Pros Cons