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Wind and Pressure Convection Convection Current Warm molecules are less dense so they rise Cool molecules are more dense and since to replace the warm molecules Convection Current More radiant heating at the equator causes warm air to rise Less radiant heating at the poles cause cool air to sink Creates convection current Convection Current (in reality) Polar air warms Equatorial air cools Coriolis Effect Coriolis Effect Coriolis Effect Northern Hemisphere, earth’s rotation causes wind to deflect to the right Southern Hemisphere, earth’s rotation causes wind to deflect to the left No deflection along Equator Prevailing Winds Easterlies Westerlies Trade Winds Christopher Columbus Christopher Columbus Christopher Columbus Doldrums Where Trade Winds meet, air begins to rise with convection and creates an area with very little wind Doldrums Where Trade Winds meet, air begins to rise with convection and creates an area with very little wind Prevailing Winds Jet Stream Where polar air meets equatorial air Occurs in the lower stratosphere/ upper troposphere Speeds up to 450km/h Jet Stream Occurs in mid latitudes Jet Stream Meanders Moves air masses Jet Stream High pressure ridges created from subtropic highs Low pressure troughs created from subpolar lows Ridges and Troughs Cyclones and Anticyclones Cyclones and Anticyclones Cyclone Direction of Cyclones Air Masses Air mass is a body of air with similar temperature and humidity Forms in source regions and wind patterns move the air mass Forms when temperature and humidity can be fixed for an extended period Air Masses in North America Conclusion Convection creates wind Earth rotation creates wind patterns Convection makes high and low pressure zones Convection creates jet stream that moves high and low pressure zones High pressure ridges and low pressure troughs create wind patterns (cyclone and anticyclones) Wind moves air masses AND… Wind on a local level Wind on a local level Wind on a local level Chinook Wind
