Download 3.1 Notes Energy: the ability to do work or to cause change. Kinetic

3.1 Notes
Energy: the ability to do work or to cause change.
Kinetic Energy: energy of motion. A moving object has the most
kinetic energy at the point where it moves the fastest.
Kinetic energy of an object depends on both its mass and velocity.
As mass increases, kinetic energy increases.
As velocity increases, kinetic energy increases.
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Potential Energy: stored energy
Gravitational Potential Energy – Potential energy that
depends on height.
Examples: lab activity of tennis ball falling,
pendulum swinging
Formula:
Elastic Potential Energy – Potential energy associated with
objects that can be stretched or compressed
Examples: rubber band, slinky, bow
Chemical Potential Energy – Potential energy associated with
the chemical composition of an object. The energy is stored
in the chemical bonds.
Examples: food, wood before it burns, fossil fuels
Some of the Different Forms of Energy
FORMS OF ENERGY:
Mechanical Energy- energy that moves objects
Examples: Moving a coffee mug, Turn a car key
Sound Energy- results from the vibrations of particles in matter.
Sound travels when gas molecules vibrate.
Examples: Moving a coffee mug, Turn a car key
In a vacuum there is no sound (no air molecules
to vibrate!
Chemical Energy- Energy that is stored in matter.
Examples: Energy is stored in your cells, in food
Thermal Energy- measures the amount of motion in the
particles of matter
Examples: Atoms and molecules constantly moving
Electromagnetic Energy- energy transmitted through space,
can be transferred through empty space.
Examples: Visible light, X-rays, Microwaves
Nuclear Energy: an atoms nucleus breaks apart, or when two
nuclei join together energy is released.
Examples: The Sun
Electrical Energy: moving electric charges produce this energy
Examples: power from batteries, wires etc.