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Bolivia and Peru Pages 266 - 269 Bolivia - Geography • Landlocked • Surrounded by the Andes Mountains • Altiplano • Lowland plains • Tropical rainforests Altiplano • • • • • Cool climate 12,000 ft above sea level (elevation) Thin air Poor for farming Few trees Plains and Rainforests • North and east regions • Grasslands and swamps • Humid climate Farmland • South central region • Fertile land • Farmed for centuries Bolivia - Economy • • • • Minerals (Andes): tin, silver, and zinc Minerals (Lowlands): gold, petroleum, and natural gas Commercial farms: soybeans Timber Subsistence Farming • Wheat, barley, potatoes, Herding • Alpacas and Llamas for wool and carrying goods. Future Projects • Natural gas pipeline from Bolivia to Brazil. • A highway to the Pacific through Peru. Bolivia – Capitals? • • • • 2 capital cities: Sucre and La Paz Sucre is the official capital La Paz is the administrative capital Both located in the altiplano at 12,000 ft above sea level. Bolivia - People • Most of the population lives in the altiplano • 50% are native ancestry, another 40% are mestizos. • City life is modern, country life is traditional. Chile - Geography • Average width is 110 miles! • Length is 2,652 miles along Pacific ocean • 80% is Andes mountains. Chile - Varied Climate • Atacama Desert – Driest place on earth – rainshadow • Altiplano – Steppe climate – Santiago • Central Valley – Mediterranean climate – Farms and densely populated • Lakes Region – Marine West Coast climate – Volcanoes, forest, mountains and wind. • Tierra del Fuego – Land of fire Cape Horn • Why does Chile have such varied climate? Chile - Farming • Wheat, corn, beans, sugar, and potatoes • Grapes and apples Chile – herding • Cattle • Sheep • Other livestock Chile - Economy • Good growth; poverty rate dropping • Mining: Copper (1st in world), gold, silver, iron ore and sodium nitrate Chile - Industry • • • • • • • • • • Fish Processing Food Processing Wood products Iron Steel Vehicles Cement Textiles Banking Tourism Chile - People • • • • • Most of the 15 million people are mestizos Spanish-speaking Roman Catholic 80% of people live in urban areas Democratic republic
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