Download Professional Practice Nursing Standards

Symptom Management Guidelines
Bibliography
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Symptom:
Acneiform Rash
Page(s)
2
Anorexia and Cachexia
2-5
Constipation
5-7
Diarrhea (Cancer-Related)
7–9
Dyspnea (Breathlessness)
9 – 11
Fatigue
11- 12
Fever and Neutropenia
12 - 15
Intimacy and Sexuality
15 - 17
Lymphedema
17 – 20
Malignant Wounds
20 - 22
Nausea and Vomiting
22 - 23
Oral Mucositis (Stomatitis)
23 – 25
Pain
25 – 26
Palmar-Plantar Erythrodysesthesia (PPE)
27 – 30
Peripheral Neuropathy (Chemotherapy-Induced)
30 - 31
Radiation Dermatitis
31 - 35
Sleep-Wake Disturbances
35 - 37
Xerostomia
37 - 38
Please note:
The links shown throughout this bibliography may not be functional as changes
may have occurred to the primary sources. You may contact the Education
Resource Nurse Team for assistance: [email protected]
(Please note that this resource line for healthcare professionals is NOT for urgent inquiries, it is
monitored intermittently Monday - Friday from 8:00 AM - 4:00 PM)
Updated: September 21, 2016
Page 1 of 38
Acneiform Rash
Melosky B., Leighl, N.B., Rothenstein, J., Sangha, R., Stewart, D., Papp, K. (2015). Management of EGFR TKI–
induced dermatologic adverse events. Current Oncology, 22(2): 123–132.
Payne, A.S. Savarese, D. MF., (2015). Cutaneous complications for molecularly targeted and other biologic
agents used for cancer therapy. Up-To-Date. Retrieved on Sep 15, 2016 from:
http://www.uptodate.com/contents/cutaneous-complications-of-molecularly-targeted-therapy-and-otherbiologic-agents-used-for-cancertherapy?source=search_result&search=cutaneous+complications&selectedTitle=2%7E150
Cancer.Net Editorial Board. (2012). Skin Reactions to Targeted Therapy and Immunotherapy. American
Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO). Cancer.Net Articles. Retrieved on Sep 15, 2016 from:
http://www.cancer.net/navigating-cancer-care/side-effects/skin-reactions-targeted-therapy-and-immunotherapy.
Melosky, B. Anderson. H., et al. Pan Canadian Rash Trial: A Randomized Phase III Trial Evaluating the Impact
of a Prophylactic Skin Treatment Regimen on Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor–
Induced Skin Toxicities in Patients With Metastatic Lung Cancer. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2015
Anorexia and Cachexia
Adams, L., Cunningham, R., Caruso, R.A., Norling, M., & Shepard, N. Anorexia. Putting Evidence into
Practice. Pittsburgh, PA, Oncology Nursing Society. 2008: 1-6 [cited 2008, Aug 28]. Available from:
www.ons.org/outcomes
American Dietetic Association. Critical Illness Evidence-Based Nutrition Practice Guideline. 2006, 2007, May
27:7. [cited 2008, Aug 28]. Available from: http://www.adaevidencelibrary.com/topic.cfm?cat=2799
American Dietetic Association. Adult Weight Management Evidence Based Nutrition Practice Guideline. 2006,
2007, May 27:5. [cited 2008, Aug 28]. Available from:
http://www.adaevidencelibrary.com/topic.cfm?cat=2798
American Dietetic Association. ADA Oncology Evidence-based Nutrition Practice Guideline. 2007, 2008, May
27:6. [cited 2008, Aug 28]. Available from: http://www.adaevidencelibrary.com/topic.cfm?cat=3250
American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. (2011). Definition of terms. Retrieved May 14, 2013
from: https://www.nutritioncare.org/lcontent.aspx?id=546
Basch, E., et al. Patient online self-reporting of toxicity symptoms during chemotherapy. Journal of Clinical
Oncology, 2005; 23(15): 3552-3561. The American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA.
Berenstein, E.G., & Ortis, Z. Megestrol acetate for treatment of anorexia-cachexia syndrome (Review). 2008; 1,
Hohn Wiley & Sons Ltd., Hoboken, NJ.
Biesemeier, C.W., & Elliott, L.G. ADA Evidence Analysis Library: ADA Oncology Evidence-based Nutrition
Practice Guideline. 2008, 2005, May 27:6. American Dietetic Association. Available from:
http://www.adaevidencelibrary.com/topic.cfm?cat=3250
Biesemeier, C.W., & Elliott, L.G. ADA Evidence-based Nutrition Practice Guideline – Guideline overview. 2008,
May 27:2. American Dietetic Association. Available from:
http://www.adaevidencelibrary.com/topic.cfm?cat=2871&library=EBG
Page 2 of 38
Brown, J.K. (2002). A systematic review of the evidence on symptom management of cancer-related anorexia
and cachexia. Oncology Nursing Forum, 29(3), 517-530.
Bruera, E., & Dev, R. (2012). Palliative Care: Overview of managing common non-pain symptoms. In: D.S.
Basow (Ed.). UpToDate. Waltham, MA: UpToDate. Retrieved January 10, 2013 from:
http://www.uptodate.com/contents/overview-of-managing-common-non-pain-symptoms-in-palliativecare?source=search_result&search=Palliative+care%3A+Overview+of+managing+common+nonpain+symptoms&selectedTitle=1~150
Cancer Care Ontario. (2012). Symptom management guide-to-practice: Loss of Appetite. Retrieved March 22,
2013 from: https://www.cancercare.on.ca/CCO_DrugFormulary/Pages/FileContent.aspx?fileId=154802
Cerchietti, L.C.A., et al. Effects of celecoxib, medroxyprogesterone and dietary intervention on systemic
syndromes in patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma: A pilot study. Journal of Pain and Symptom
Management. 2004; 27:1, Elsevier Inc., New York, NY.
Cope, D.G. (2002). Management of anorexia, cachexia and weight loss in patients with advanced cancer.
Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing, 6(4), 241-242.
Cunningham, R.S. The Anorexia-Cachexia Syndrome. In: Yarbro CH, Frogge MH, Goodman M, editors.
Cancer Symptom Management. 3rd ed. Sudbury, Massachusetts: Jones and Bartlett Publishers; 2004. p. 137167.
Cunningham, R.S. Measuring oncology nursing-sensitive patient outcomes: evidenced-based summary. 2005,
2008, May; 6 [cited 2008, Aug 28]:15. Oncology Nursing Society, Pittsburg, PA. Available from:
http://www.ons.org/outcomes/measures/nutrition.shtml
Cunningham, R.S., & Hullmann, M.B. Nutritional Disturbances. In Yarbro CH, Frogge MH, Goodman M,
editors. Cancer Nursing Principles and Practice. 6th ed. Sudbury, Massachusetts: Jones and Bartlett
Publishers; 2005. p. 761-790.
Dahele, M., Fearon., Kenneth, C.H. Research methodology: Cancer cachexia syndrome. Palliative Medicine,
2004; 18(5):409-417. Edward Arnold (Publishers) Ltd., London England.
Delano, M.J., & Moldawer, L.L. The origins of cachexia in acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. Nutrition
in Clinical Practice, 2006; 21:68-81, American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Silver Spring, MD.
e-CPS [Internet]. Ottawa (ON): Canadian Pharmacists Association; c2014 . Available from: http://www.e-cps.ca.
Elliott, L., Molseed, L.L., & Davis, P. (2006). The clinical guide to oncology nutrition
(2nd ed.). Chicago, IL. American Dietetic Association.
Evans, W.J., Morley, J.E., Argiles, J., Bales, C., Baracos, V., Guttridge, D., Jatoi, A., Kalantar-Zadeh, K., Lochs,
H., Mantovani, G., Marks, D., Mitch, W.E., Muscaritoli, M., Najand, A., Ponikowski, P., Fanelli, F. R.,
Schambelan, M., Schols, A., Schuster, M., Thomas, D., Wolfe, R., & Anker, S.D., (2008). Cachexia: A new
definition. Clinical Nutrition, 27,793-799. doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2008.06.013.
Dewey, A., Baughan, C., Dean, T. P., Higgins, B., & Johnson, I. (2009). Eiosapentaenoic acid (EPA, an
omega-3 fatty acid from fish oils) for the treatment of cancer cachexia. The Cochrane Collaborative. doi:
10.1002/14651858.CD004597.pub2.
Fearon, Kenneth C.H.; et al. Cancer cachexia; Influence of systemic ketosis on substrate levels and nitrogen
metabolism. The Americal Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 1987; 47:42-48, American Society for Nutrition,
Bethesda, MD.
Page 3 of 38
Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes: A risk assessment model for
establishing upper intake levels for nutrients. 1998, 2007, May 27; 82, National Academy Press, Washington,
D.C. Available from http://www.nap.edu/catalog/6432.html
Fraser Health: Hospice Palliative Care Program Symptom Guidelines. (2006). Nutrition and Cachexia.
Retrieved May 10, 2013 from:
http://www.fraserhealth.ca/media/15FHSymptomGuidelinesNutritionCachexia.pdf
Good, P., Cavenagh J., Mather, M., & Ravenscroft, P. Medically assisted nutrition for palliative care patients
(Protocol). The Cochrane Library, 2008, 1, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Hoboken, NJ.
Hemming, L., & Maher, F. Understanding cachexia and excessive weight loss in cancer. British Journal of
Community Nursing, 2005; 10(11): 492-495, Mark Allen Publishing Ltd., Dinton Nr Salisbury Wiltshire, UK.
Huhmann, M. B., & August, D. A. Review of American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (A.S.P.E.N.)
clinical guidelines for nutrition support in cancer patients: nutrition screening and assessment. Nutrition in
Clinical Practice, 2008; 23(2):182-188, American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Silver Spring,
MD.
Jatoi, A. Fish oil, lean tissue, and cancer: is there a role for eicosapentaenoic acid in treating the cancer
anorexia/weight loss syndrome? Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology, 2005; 55:37-43, Elsevier Ireland
Ltd., Shannon, Co. Clare.
Jatoi, A. Fatty acid supplements for cancer-associated weight loss. Nutrition in Clinical Practice, 2005;
20(4):394-399, American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Silver Spring, MD.
Jatoi. A. Is bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor, effective in treating cancer-associated weight loss?
Preliminary results from the North Central Cancer Treatment Group. Supportice Care in Cancer, 2005;13:
381-386, Springer, New York, NY.
Loprinzi, C. L., & Jatoi, A. (2013). Pharmalogical management of cancer anorexia/cachexia. In: D.S. Barsow
(Ed.). UpToDate. Waltham, MA: UpToDate. Retrieved January 10, 2013 from:
http://www.uptodate.com/contents/pharmacologic-management-of-cancer-anorexiacachexia?source=search_result&search=Pharmacologic+management+of+cancer+anorexia%2Fcachexia&sel
ectedTitle=1~16
Marian, M., & Roberts, S. (2010). Clinical Nutrition for Oncology Patients. Canada, Mississauga, ON. Jones
and Bartlett Publishers.
Mattox, T.W. Treatment of unintentional weight loss in patients with cancer. Nutrition in Clinical Practice,
2005; 20(4):400-410, American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Silvers Spring, MD.
Miller, S.J. Death resulting from overzealous total parenteral nutrition: The refeeding syndrome revisited.
Nutrition in Clinical Practice, 2008; 23(2):166-171, American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Silver
Spring, MD.
Molassiotis, A. Anorexia and weight loss in long-term survivors of haematological malignancies. Journal of
Clinical Nursing, 2003; 12: 925-927, Blackwell Publishing Ltd., Oxford, England.
Morley, J.E. Anorexia of aging: physiologic and pathologic. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 1997;
66:760-773, American Society for Nutrition, Bethesda, MD.
National Cancer Institute. Nutrition in Cancer Care. PDQ Health Professional Version. August 22 2008. [cited
2008, Sept 02] Available from:
http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/supportivecare/nutrition/healthprofessional
Page 4 of 38
National Comprehensive Cancer Network, (2012). Palliative Care. Retrieved March 23, 2013 from:
http://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/palliative.pdf
National Institute of Health & National Cancer Institute (2010). Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse
Events. Available from: http://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/CTCAE/CTCAE_4.03_2010-0614_QuickReference_8.5x11.pdf
Palombine, J. (2006). Cancer-related weight loss. Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing, 10(6), 831-832.
Preedy, V.R. (2011). Diet and Nutrition in Palliative Care. 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300. Taylor
and Francis Group.
Reymann, P. Anorexia. In Hickey M, Newton S, editors. Telephone Triage for Oncology Nurses. Pittsburgh,
PA: Oncology Nursing Society; 2005. p.63-65.
Valentine, K. A., & Hull, R.D. (2014). Therapeutic use of warfarin and other vitamin K antagonists. Retrieved
September 29, 2014 from: http://www.uptodate.com/contents/therapeutic-use-of-warfarin-and-other-vitamin-k-
antagonists?source=machineLearning&search=warfarin&selectedTitle=5~150&sectionRank=1&anchor=H21#
H21
Whitman, M.M. (2000). The starving patient: Supportive care for people with cancer. Clinical Journal of
Oncology Nursing. 4(3), 121-125.
Wilson, R.L. (2000). Optimizing nutrition for patients with cancer. Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing, 4(1),
23-28.
Constipation
Agra, Y., Sacristan, A., Gonzalez, M., Ferrari, M., Portugues, A., Calvo, M.J. (1998). Efficacy of senna versus
lactulose in terminal cancer patients treated with opioids. Journal of Pain & Symptom Management,15(1),1-7.
American College of Gastroenterology Chronic Constipation Task Force. (2005). Evidence - based approach to
the management of chronic constipation in North America. American Journal of Gastroenterology,100(suppl 1),
S1 – S21.
Avila, J.G. (2004). Pharmacologic treatment of constipation in cancer patients. Cancer Control, 11(3), S10S18.
Bisanz, A., Wooolery, M., Lyons, H.F., Gaido, L., Yenulevich, M.C., Fulton, S. Constipation. Putting Evidence
into Practice. Pittsburgh, PA, Oncology Nursing Society. 2007: 1-6 [cited August 1, 2007]. Available from:
www.ons.org/outcomes
Blesser, S.D. (2006). Practical symptom – based evaluation of chronic constipation. The Journal of Family
Practice. 55(7), 580–584.
Canadian Association of Nurses in Oncology/ Association canadienne des infirmieres en oncologie
(CANO/ACIO). Practice Standards and Competencies for the Specialized Oncology Nurse. 2006:1-47.
Cancer Care Ontario. (2012). Symptom management guide- to- practice: Bowel care. Retrieved from:
https://www.cancercare.on.ca/CCO_DrugFormulary/Pages/FileContent.aspx?fileId=154791
Cancer Care Ontario, Nursing Professional Advisory Committee. Constipation guideline. Telephone Nursing
Practice and Symptom Management Guidelines. 2004, Apr 5 [cited 2007 July 14]:13-14. Available from:
http://www.cancercare.on.ca/documents/NursingTelephonePracticeGuidelines.pdf
Page 5 of 38
Carter, B., Black, F., Downing, G.M. Bowel Care – Constipation and diarrhea. In: Downing GM, Wainwright W,
editors. Medical Care of the Dying. Victoria, B.C. Canada: Victoria Hospice Learning Society for Palliative
Care; 2006. p. 341-362.
Choi, Y.S., Billings, A. (2002). Opioid antagonists: A review of their role in palliative care, focusing on use in
opioid related constipation. Journal of Pain & Symptom Management, 24(1), 71–90.
Cope, D.G. (2001). Management of chemotherapy – induced diarrhea and constipation. Nursing Clinics of
North America. 36(4), 695–707.
Daeninck, P., & Crawford, G. Constipation. I: MacDonald N, Oneshcuk D, Hagen N, Doyle D, editors.
Palliative Medicine – A Case Based Manual (2nd ed.). New York: Oxford University Press Inc.; 2005. p. 201–
211.
Dean, M., Harris, J.D., Regnard, C., & Hockley, J. Constipation. Symptom Relief in Palliative Care. Oxford,
United Kingdom: Radcliffe Publishing; 2006. p 75–79.
Drost, J., & Harris, L.A. (2006). Diagnosis and management of chronic constipation. Journal of the American
Academy of Physician Assistants, 19(11), 24–28.
Erie St, C. Constipation guidelines. Palliative Care Management Tool. 3rd ed. 2007, January. Version 3.1:7
- 8. Available from: http://www.ccac-ont.ca/Upload/esc/General/Palliative__Care_Managment_Tool_v3_1.pdf
Folden, S.L., Backer, J.H., Maynard, F., Stevens, K., Gilbride, J.A., Pires, M., & Jones, K. Practice guidelines
for the management of constipation in adults. Rehabilitation Nursing Foundation. 2002 [cited 2007, July 14]:1
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Fraser Health: Hospice Palliative Care Program Symptom Guidelines (2006). Bowel care. Retrieved from:
http://www.fraserhealth.ca/NR/rdonlyres/e2vxr7bsr65rjaa2gu4nkjnsbhqlv3s2ahqffpomn3mye7zvxjzrh4ua3dutlq
ezx67sj5gb2ipl2i/04FHSymptomGuidelinesBowelCare.pdf
Gibson, R.J., & Keefe, D.M.K. (2006). Cancer chemotherapy – induced diarhoea and constipation:
Mechanisma of damage and prevention strategies. Supportive Care Cancer, 14(9), 890–900.
Hawley, P. H., & Byeon, J.J. (2008). A comparison of sennosides-based bowel protocols with and without
Docusate in hospitalised patients with cancer. Journal of Palliative Medicine, 11, 575-581. .
Heitkemper, M., & Wolfe, J. (2007). Challenges in chronic constipation. The Nurse Practitioner. 32(4), 36–42.
Hurdon, V., Viola, R., & Schroder, C. (2000). How useful is Docusate in patients at risk for constipation? A
systematic review of the evidence in the chronically ill. Journal of Pain & Symptom Management,19(2),130–
136.
Klaschik, E., Nauck F, Ostgathe. (2003). Constipation – modern laxative therapy. Supportive Care Cancer, 11,
679– 685.
Lawrence, L. S., Bouvette, M., Angelis, C. D., & Pereira, J. L. (2010). Consensus recommendations for the
management of constipation in patients with advanced, progressive illness. Journal of Pain and Symptom
Management, 40(5), 761-773.
Massey, R.L., Haylock, P.J., & Curtiss, C. Constipation. In: Yarbro CH, Frogge MH, Goodman M, editors.
Cancer Symptom Management. 3rd ed. Sudbury, Massachusetts: Jones and Bartlett Publishers; 2004. p.512–
527.
Page 6 of 38
McMillan, S.C. (2004). Assessing and managing opiate- induced constipation in adults with cancer. Cancer
Control, 11(3), S3–S9.
National Cancer Institute. Gastrointestinal Complications. PDQ Health Professional Version. 2012. Available
from: http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/supportivecare/gastrointestinalcomplications/HealthProfessional
National Institute of Health & National Cancer Institute (2010). Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse
Events. Available from : http://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/CTCAE/CTCAE_4.03_2010-0614_QuickReference_8.5x11.pdf
National Oncology Alliance. Constipation. NOA Treatment Guidelines. 2006. Available from:
http://guidelines.noainc.com/documents/Guidelines/Constipation_Guideline.pdf
Pallentino, J., Schiller, L.R., & White, K.M. (2006). Chronic constipation: New thoughts about an old problem.
John Hopkins Advanced Studies in Nursing, 4(8), 209–218.
Practice Evidenced-based in Nutrition (PEN). (2013). Healthy Lifestyle: Key Practice Points. Retrieved from:
http://www.pennutrition.com/KnowledgePathway.aspx?kpid=3127&pqcatid=144&pqid=14591
Registered Nurses Association of Ontario. Prevention of constipation in the older adult population. Nursing
Best Practice Guidelines. 2005 March; [cited 2007, July 20]:1–59. Available from:
http://www.rnao.org/Storage/11/610_BPG_Prevent_Constipation_rev05.pdf
Solomon, R., & Cherny, N.I. (2006). Constipation and diarrhea in patients with cancer. The Cancer Journal,
12(5), 355-364.
Sykes, N.P. (2006). The pathogenesis of constipation. The Journal of Supportive Oncology, 4(5), 213–218.
Tamayo, A.C., & Diaz- Zuluaga, P.A. (2004). Management of opioid – induced bowel dysfunction in cancer
patients. Supportive Care Cancer, 12, 613–618.
Wirz, S., & Klashkik, E. (2005). Management of constipation in palliative care patients undergoing opioid
therapy: is polyethylene glycol an option? American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine, 22(5), 375–
381.
Woolery, M., Bisanz, A., Lyons, H., Gaido, L., Yenulevich, M., Fulton, S. & McMillan, S. (2008). Evidence
based interventions for the prevention and management of constipation in patients with cancer. Prevention and
Management of Constipation, 12(2), 317-337.
Yuan, C.S., Wei, G., Foss, J.F., O'Connor, M., Karrison, T., & Osinski, J. (2002). Effects of subcutaneous
methylnaltrexone on morphine-induced peripherally mediated side effects: a double-blind randomized placebocontrolled trial. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 300(1):118-23.
Diarrhea (Cancer-Related)
Amerine, E., & Keirsey, M. (2006). Managing acute diarrhea. Nursing. 36(9),1-4.
Benson, A.B., Ajani, J.A., Catalano, R.B., Engelking, C., Kornblau, S.M., & Martenson, J.A., et al. (2004)
Recommended guidelines for the treatment of cancer treatment–induced diarrhea. Journal of Clinical Oncology.
22(14): 2918–2926.
Bush, N.J. (2004). Chemotherapy–induced diarrhea. Oncology Nursing Forum, 31(5), 889-892.
Canadian Association of Nurses in Oncology/ Association canadienne des infirmieres en oncologie
(CANO/ACIO). Practice Standards and Competencies for the Specialized Oncology Nurse. 2006:1-47.
Page 7 of 38
Cancer Care Ontario, Nursing Professional Advisory Committee. Diarrhea guideline. Telephone Nursing
Practice and Symptom Management Guidelines. 2004, Apr 5 [cited 2007 Feb 14]:13-14. Available from:
http://www.cancercare.on.ca/documents/NursingTelephonePracticeGuidelines.pdf
Cope, D.G. (2001). Management of chemotherapy – induced diarrhea and constipation. Nursing Clinics of
North America. 2001, 36(4), 695–707.
Dranitsaris, G., Maroun, J., & Shah, A. (2005). Estimating the cost of illness in colorectal cancer patients who
were hospitalized for severe chemotherapy–induced diarrhea. Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology, 19(2),
83–87.
e-CPS [Internet]. Ottawa (ON): Canadian Pharmacists Association; c2014 . Available from: http://www.e-cps.ca.
Engelking, C. Diarrhea. In: Yarbro CH, Frogge MH, Goodman M, editors. Cancer Symptom Management.
3rd ed. Sudbury, Massachusetts: Jones and Bartlett Publishers; 2004. p. 528-557.
Fraser Health: Hospice Palliative Care Program Symptom Guidelines (2006). Bowel care. Retrieved from:
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Goldberg, A. R. J., Gabrail, N., Raut, M., Kim, R., Sung, C.Y.S., & Yonglong Zhou, M.S. (2005). Clinical
implications of chemotherapy–induced diarrhea in patients with cancer. The Journal of Supportive Oncology,
3(3), 227-232.
Gwede, C.K. (2003). Overview of radiation- and chemoradiation–induced diarrhea. Seminars in Oncology
Nursing, 19(4 Suppl 3), S6-S10.
Hogan, C.M. (1998). The nurse’s role in diarrhea management. Oncology Nurses Forum, 25(5), 879–886.
Kornblau, S., Benson, A.B., Catalano, R.B., Champlin, R.E., Engelking, C., Field, M., et al. (2000).
Management of cancer treatment–related diarrhea: Issues and therapeutic strategies. Journal of Pain and
Symptom Management, 19(2), 118–129.
Krishnamurthi, S. S. (2013). Enterotoxicity of chemotherapeutic agents. Retrieved from:
http://www.uptodate.com/contents/enterotoxicity-of-chemotherapeuticagents?source=search_result&search=enterotoxicity+of+chemotherapy+agents&selectedTitle=1%7E150
Muehlbauer, P. M., Thorpe, D., Davis, A., Drabot, R., Rawlings, B. L., & Kiker, E. (2009). Putting evidence into
practice: Evidence- based interventions to prevent, manage, and treat chemotherapy-and radiotherapyinduced diarrhea. Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing,13 (3), 336-341.
National Cancer Institute. Gastrointestinal Complications. PDQ Health Professional Version. 2012. Retrieved
from: http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/supportivecare/gastrointestinalcomplications/HealthProfessional
National Institute of Health & National Cancer Institute (2010). Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse
Events. Available from : http://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/CTCAE/CTCAE_4.03_2010-0614_QuickReference_8.5x11.pdf
O’Brien, B.E., Kaklamani, V.G., & Benson, A.B. (2005). The assessment and management of cancer
treatment–related diarrhea. Clinical Colorectal Cancer, 4(6), 375-381.
Rutledge, D.N., & Engelking, C. (1998). Cancer-related diarrhea: Selected findings of a national survey of
oncology nurse experiences. Oncology Nurses Forum, 25(5), 861–872.
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Saltz, L.B. (2003). Understanding and managing chemotherapy–induced diarrhea. The Journal of Supportive
Oncology. 1(1), 35–46.
Schiller, L. (2006). Nutrition management of chronic diarrhea and malabsorption. Nutrition in Clinical Practice,
21(1), 34–39.
Shaw, C., & Taylor, L. (2012). Treatment-related diarrhea in patients with cancer. Clinical Journal of Oncology
Nursing, 16(4), 413-417.
Solomon, R., & Cherny, N.I. (2006). Constipation and diarrhea in patients with cancer. The Cancer Journal,
12(5), 355-364.
Stein, A., Voigt, W., & Jordan, K. (2010). Chemotherapy-induced diarrhea: Pathophysiology, frequency and
guideline based management. Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology, 2(2), 51-63.
Stern, J., & Ippoliti, C. (2003). Management of acute cancer treatment–induced diarrhea. Seminars in
Oncology Nursing, 19 (4 Suppl 3), S11-S16.
Valentine, K. A., & Hull, R.D. (2014). Therapeutic use of warfarin and other vitamin K antagonists. Retrieved
September 29, 2014 from: http://www.uptodate.com/contents/therapeutic-use-of-warfarin-and-other-vitamin-k-
antagonists?source=machineLearning&search=warfarin&selectedTitle=5~150&sectionRank=1&anchor=H21#
H21
Viale, H.P., Fung, A., & Zitella, L. (2005). Advanced colorectal cancer: Current treatment and nursing
management with economic considerations. Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing, 9(5), 541-552.
Viale, H.P., & Sommers, R. (2007). Nursing care of patients receiving chemotherapy for metastatic colorectal
cancer: Implications of the treatment continuum concept. Seminars in Oncology Nursing, 23(1), 22 -35.
Viele, C.S. (2003). Overview of chemotherapy – induced diarrhea. Seminars in Oncology Nursing, 19(4 Suppl
3), S2-S5.
Wadler, S., Benson, A.B., Engelking, C., Catalano, R., Field, M., Kornblau, S.M., et al. (1998). Recommended
guidelines for the treatment of chemotherapy–induced diarrhea. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 16(9), 31693178.
Dyspnea / Breathlessness
American Thoracic Society. (1999). Dyspnea. Mechanisms, assessment and management: A consensus
statement of the American Thoracic Society. American Journal of Respiratory Critical Care Medicine, 159(1),
321-340.
BC Palliative Care Guidelines. Palliative Care for the Patient with Incurable Cancer or Advanced Disease.
Guidelines and Protocols Advisory Committee. December 30, 2011. Retrieved from:
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