Download Intro-Week 3-Scope - KLAS

Week 3
Themes and Scope of Archaeology
Principles of Archaeology
Chuntaek Seong
Kyung Hee University
Arkhaiologia, 그리스어로 ‘고대의 물건들에 대한 담론’이라는 뜻
archaios + logos (study of the old ancient)
考古 : 옛 것을 생각한다
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p. 10
P
Archaeology and History
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Archaeology between History and Anthropology
While archaeology developed as a unique field of study
especially in Europe, it emerged as one of subfields of
anthropology in the US. Historically, archaeology has close ties
with history and anthropology.
한국에서 고고학: 고고 자료는 문헌의 잘못이나 부족을 보완하는
역할로 인식됨
Archaeology as studies of cultural heritage - 문화재 연구와 연관
이 강함
Archaeology as a study of ancient Korean history and culture - 고
대 민족사의 복원에 대한 열망이 강함
역사의 의미: 선사와 역사 (Europe and the World Without History
Eric Wolf, 1982)
전국 대학별 고고학 전공의 분포
고고학 교수의 수
사학과
고고학과
고고인류학과
경희대학교
2
숭실대, 연세대, 세종대, 한신대
(2), 시립대 (수도권)
각1
충남대학교
5
부산대학교
목포대학교
5
4
경북대학교
3
전북대학교 고고문화인류학과
4
한양대학교 문화인류학과 (안산) 2
전남대학교 인류학과
3
영남대학교 문화인류학과
2
고고미술사학과
서울대학교
5
충북대학교
2
원광대학교
2
고려대학교 세종캠
동아대학교
2
3
pp. 13-14
고고 자료는 문헌과는 독립된 자료로서 과거 문화, 인간행위에 대한 종합 자료.
pp. 14
p. 15
Archaeology as Anthropology
 Archaeology between history and anthropology
Anthropology in America
인류학의 4대 분과
1. Cultural Anthropology: Socio-cultural Anth.
Ethnology)
2. Archaeology
3. Biological Anthropology (Bio-, Physical A.,
Biocultural A.  Medical anth.)
4. Linguistic Anthropology
pp. 16-17
Anthropology and Archaeology
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Currently, there are many different views and opinions
about the divisions of anthropology in the US. Basically,
the discipline diverges into very specific fields as time
goes on, and many anthropologists may define their
discipline differently.
But, based on the history of the discipline,
anthropologists from different subfields share common
interests which are studies of culture.
Archaeology is anthropology, or it is nothing. (미국 인류
학)
고고학은 영국 등에서 독립된 학문 분과
Archaeology is archaeology is archaeology. (영국 고고학,
D. Clarke)
pp. 11
Induction vs. deduction
p.12
p.12
현대 고고학의 영역
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전통적인 영역 (시대별): 선사/역사고고학, 구석기,
신석기, 청동기, 철기, 백제, 가야, 신라, 발해 등
특정한 자료: 시대를 떠나 -- 패총, 석기, 금속기, 철
기, 무덤(고분고고학) 전공 등
지역적: 한국, 중서부, 아메리카 등
방법론적: 이론 전공, 민족지고고학
특수분야: 이집트학, 성서고고학, 중세고고학, 산업
고고학, 쓰레기고고학, 수중고고학, 전쟁고고학
Topics in archaeology
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Pottery analysis, Lithic analysis, Zooarchaeology,
Geoarchaeology, Environmental archaeology,
Paleoethnobotany
Subsistence economy, Paleoeconomy, Settlement pattern
studies, spatial analysis and GIS, mortuary practice studies,
Quantitative approaches
Hunter-gatherers, Agricultural origins, complex societies
p.18
Donald K. Grayson (PhD 1973, U of Oregon
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Research Interests:
Quaternary paleoecology, zooarchaeology,
historic biogeography, evolutionary ecology,
North American prehistory (especially the
Arid West), European Paleolithic.
"My prime interests lie in understanding the
interrelationships between people and the
biotic landscapes with which they interact.
My technical specialization in
zooarchaeology provides me with one
means of addressing this general area, while
theory drawn from both biogeography and
evolutionary ecology provides the
conceptual tools I have used to understand
those interrelationships. Although my
research is driven more by questions than
by time periods or geography, the bulk of my
work has involved the latest Pleistocene and
Holocene of the Great Basin (western United
States) and Pleistocene southwestern
France, areas in which I plan to continue
working in the future."
Archaeology as Studies of Past
Human Culture
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고고학의 근본 목적은 다른 인문학과 마찬가지로 인간에
대한 이해. 다만, 물적인 자료를 다루기 때문에 문헌사나,
인류학과는 다른 절차와 방법을 사용함.
While archaeology uses scientific procedures and
strictness, it aims to understand humanity. Since the aim
of archaeology is the understanding of humankind, it is a
humanistic discipline, a humane study. Since it deals
with the human past it is a historical discipline, while it
differs history in terms of its data and method.
Anyhow, archaeologists deals with remains of past
human culture. But what is culture, then?