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The Shoulder Girdle (scapulothoracic) • Bones – Scapula – Clavicle • Joints – Sternoclavicular • Multiaxial – Acromioclavicular • gliding and rotational motion – Scapulothoracic • Movement dependent on the sternoclavicular and acromioclavicular joints • Muscles (5 primary movers) – Anterior (pectoralis minor – serratus anterior – subclavius*) – Posterior (trapezius – rhomboid – levator scapula) * Not a primary mover Shoulder Girdle – Bones (clavicle) Sternal end Acromial end Acromial end Sternal end Shoulder Girdle – Bones (anterior scapula) Acromion Suprascapular notch Superior border Superior angle Coracoid process Glenoid cavity Subscapular fossa Lateral border Medial border Inferior angle Shoulder Girdle – Bones (posterior scapula) Coracoid process Suprascapular notch Acromion Superior angle Supraspinous fossa Lateral angle Spine Infraspinous fossa Medial border Lateral border The Shoulder Girdle – Posterior Muscles Trapezius • Primary action – – – – Elevation and adduction Depression Fixation of scapula Stabilize glenoid fossa • Strengthened – – – – – Shoulder shrug Power clean Side lateral raise Upright row Lateral (horizontal) row The Shoulder Girdle – Posterior Muscles Levator Scapulae • Primary action – Elevation – Lateral neck flexion • Strengthened – Shoulder shrug – Power clean – Lateral neck flexion Superior angle of scapula above the spine The Shoulder Girdle – Posterior Muscles Rhomboid – major and minor • Primary action – Adduction – Downward rotation – Elevation • Strengthened – Chin ups – Upright row – Lateral (horizontal) row The Shoulder Girdle – Anterior Muscles Serratus Anterior • Primary action – Abduction – Upward rotation • Strengthened – Pullover – Bench press (last 5 to 10 degrees) – Overhead press The Shoulder Girdle – Anterior Muscles Pectoralis minor • Primary action – Abduction – Downward rotation – Depression • Strengthened – Bench Press – Cable Crossover – Dip The Shoulder Girdle – Anterior Muscles Subclavius • Origin – superior aspect of first rib at its junction with its costal cartilage • Insertion – inferior groove in the midportion of the clavicle • Primary action – Stabilization and protection of sternoclavicular joint – Depression • Strengthened – Dip – Decline Bench Press (marginal) Origin and insertion Is backward! Don’t go by the figure! Shoulder Joint – Bones and Landmarks The Shoulder Joint – Rotator Cuff • Four Muscles (SITS) – – – – Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres minor Subscapularis The Shoulder Joint – Anterior Muscles Pectoralis Major • Primary action – Adduciton – Internal rotation • Strengthened – Bench press – Fly – Cross-over The Shoulder Joint – Anterior Muscles Coracobrachialis • Primary action – Flexion – Adduction – Horizontal adduction • Strengthened – Bench Press – Fly – Cross-over The Shoulder Joint – Anterior Muscles Subscapularis (rotator cuff) • Primary action – – – – Internal rotation Adduction Extension Stabilization of humeral head • Strengthened – Internal rotation against resistance The Shoulder Joint – Superior Muscles Deltoid • Primary action – – – – Abduction Adduction Flexion Extension • Strengthened – – – – Overhead press Lateral raise Upright row Bench press (anterior) – Horizontal row (posterior) The Shoulder Joint – Superior Muscles Supraspinatus (rotator cuff) • Primary action – Weak abduction – Stabilization • Strengthened – Lateral raise with internal rotation of humerous (empty a can exercise) The Shoulder Joint – Posterior Muscles Latissimus dorsi • Primary action – – – – Extension Horizontal abduction Adduction Internal rotation • Strengthened – – – – Lat pull Chinning Horizontal row Straight-arm pulldown – Pullover – Deadlift – Power clean The Shoulder Joint – Posterior Muscles Teres major • Primary action – Extension – Internal rotation – Adduction • Strengthened – Lat pull – Chinning – Horizontal row The Shoulder Joint – Posterior Muscles Teres minor (rotator cuff) • Primary action – – – – Extension External rotation Horizontal abduction Stabilization (posterior) • Strengthened – Lat pull – Chinning – Horizontal row The Shoulder Joint – Posterior Muscles Infraspinatus (rotator cuff) • Primary action – – – – Extension External rotation Horizontal abduction Stabilization (posterior) • Strengthened – Lat pull – Chinning – Horizontal row Infraspinous fossa
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