Survey
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Accessing areas beyond national jurisdiction: Antarctica Melody Clark British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, UK 1957-1958 International Geophysical Year The Antarctic Treaty (1959) “a natural reserve devoted to peace and science” 52 signatory nations (Parties) of which: 28 are full Consultative Parties with decision making powers 1991: Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty commits the Parties to the “comprehensive protection of the Antarctic environment”; sets out principles for environmental protection; bans all commercial mineral resource activity; and requires the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of all activities before they are allowed to go ahead. The Antarctic Treaty Consultative Parties have implemented the Environmental Protocol in their own national legislation. Some have introduced their own domestic law. In the UK, the Protocol has been implemented through the Antarctic Act (1994). Ryder Bay 2016 Bioprospecting? Thank you