Download RR006 Chronic health effects of exposure to biological agents

BIBLIOGRAPHY
ADENOVIRUS
Occupational relevance
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ADENOVIRUS AND OBESITY
Adenovirus and Obesity – Medline Search
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ADENOVIRUS AND MYOCARDIAL DISEASE
Adenovirus and Myocardial Disease - Medline Search
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Adenovirus and myocardial disease - Science Citation Index Search
1
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Detection of viral and bacterial protein in endomyocardial biopsies of patients with
inflammatory heart muscle disease? Herz 2000;25:233-9.
2
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ADENOVIRUS AND CARCINOMA
Adenovirus and Carcinoma - Medline Search
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22.
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Adenovirus and carcinoma – Science Citation Index Search
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and ADENOVIRIS-5E1B in mucous-membrane of bronchogenic-carcinoma, pleural
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ADENOVIRUS AND LUNG DISEASE
Adenovirus and Lung Disease - Medline Search
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8.
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ADENOVIRUS AND ASTHMA
Adenovirus and asthma – Medline Search
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3.
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8.
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9.
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Ref ID: 14
Adenovirus and asthma – science citation index papers
1.
Hegele RG, Hayashi S, Hogg JC, Pare PD. Mechanisms of airway narrowing and
hyperresponsiveness in viral respiratory-tract infections. American Journal Of Respiratory
And Critical Care Medicine 1995;151:1659-65.
2.
Marin J, Jeler-Kacar D, Levstek V, Macek V. Persistence of viruses in upper
respiratory tract of children with asthma. Journal Of Infection 2000;41:69-72.
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3.
Diaz PV, Calhoun WJ, Hinton KL, Avendano LF, Gaggero A, Simon V et al.
Differential effects of respiratory syncytial virus and adenovirus on mononuclear cell
cytokine responses. American Journal Of Respiratory And Critical Care Medicine
1999;160:1157-64.
4.
Ruther U, Nunnensiek C, Muller HAG, Rothe B, Dobbertin J, Bader H et al.
Evidence of EBV-DNA, HSV(I+II)-DNA, HHV6-DNA, CMV-DNA, and adenovirus-2E1A
and ADENOVIRIS-5E1B in mucous-membrane of bronchogenic-carcinoma, pleural
mesothelioma, sarcoidosis, and intrinsic asthma. Tumordiagnostik & Therapie 1994;15:121-7.
SINUSITIS
1.
Ramadan H H, Farr R W and Wetmore S J. Adenovirus and respiratory syncytial
virus in chronic sinusitis using polymerase chain reaction. Laryngoscope 1997;107(7):923-5
CHRONIC HUMAN ADENOVIRUS PNEUMONIA
1.
Rosman F C, Mistchenko A S, Ladenheim H S, do Nascimento J P, Outani H N,
Madi K, and Lenzi H L. Acute and chronic human adenovirus pneumonia: cellular and
extracellular matrix components.
Pediatric Pathology & Laboratory Medicine
1996;16(3):521-41.
CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME
1.
Buchwald D, Ashley R L, Pearlman T, Kith P, Komaroff A L Viral serologies in
patients with chronic fatigue and chronic fatigue syndrome. Journal of Medical Virology
1996;50(1):25-30.
DERMATITIS HERPETIFORMIS
1.
Handley J, O’Neill H, Connolly J, Burrows D. Adenovirus-12 and dermatitis­
herpetiformis. Acta Dermato-Venereologica 1993;73:430-2.
CYTOMEGALOVIRUS
Occupational relevance
1.
Adler SP. Nosocomial transmission of cytomegalovirus. Pediatric Infectious Disease
1986;5 :239-46.
2.
Adler SP. Molecular epidemiology of cytomegalovirus: viral transmission among
children attending a day care center, their parents, and caretakers. Journal of Pediatrics
1988;112:366-72.
3.
Ahlfors K, Ivarsson S-A, Johnsson T, Renmarker K. Risk of cytomegalovirus
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4.
Bale JFJ, Zimmerman B, Dawson JD, Souza IE, Petheram, SJ et al. Cytomegalovirus
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8.
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9.
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10.
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11.
Friedman HM, Lewis MR, Nemerofsky DM, Plotkin SA. Acquisition of
cytomegalovirus infection among female employees at a pediatric hospital. Pediatric
Infectious Disease 1984;3.
12.
Gerberding JL, Bryant-LeBlanc CE, Nelson K. Risk of transmitting the human
immunodeficiency virus, cytomegalovirus, and hepatitis B virus to healthcare workers
exposed to patients with AIDS and AIDS-related conditions. Journal of Infectious Diseases
1987;156.
13.
Gerberding JL. Incidence and prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis
B virus, hepatitis C virus, and cytomegalovirus among healthcare personnel at risk for blood
exposure: Final report from a longitudinal study. Journal of Infectious Diseases
1994;170:1410-7.
14.
Ghebrekidan H, Ruden U, Cox S, Wahren B, Grandien M. Prevalence of herpes
simplex virus types 1 and 2, cytomegalovirus, and varicella-zoster virus infections in Eritrea.
Journal of Clinical Virology 1999;12:53-64.
15.
Hatherley LI. Is primary cytomegalovirus infection an occupational hazard for
obstetric nurses? A serological study. Infection Control 1986;7.
16.
Hibberd PL. Patients, needles, and healthcare workers: Understanding the
epidemiology, pathophysiology, and transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus,
hepatitis B and C, and cytomegalovirus. Journal of Intravenous Nursing 1995;18:S22-S31.
17.
Jackson LA, Stewart LK, Solomon SL, Boase J, Alexander ER, Heath JL et al. Risk
of infection with hepatitis A, B or C, cytomegalovirus, varicella or measles among child care
providers. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 1996;15:584-9.
18.
Lipscomb JA, Linnemann CC, Jr., Hurst PF, Myers MG, Stringer W, Moore P et al.
Prevalence of cytomegalovirus antibody in nursing personnel. Infection Control 1984;5:5138.
19.
Murph JR, Baron JC, Brown CK, Ebelhack CL, Bale JJ. The occupational risk of
cytomegalovirus infection among day-care providers. JAMA 1991;265:603-8.
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Additional Epsten Barr virus papers
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5.
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HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS
Occupational relevance
1.
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2.
Amir J, Nussinovitch M, Kleper R, Cohen HA, Varsano I. Primary herpes simplex
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14.
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HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS AND ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE
Herpes Simplex Virus and Alzheimer's Disease – medline
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24.
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Other Viruses and Alzheimer's Disease
Epstein Barr Virus
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Cytomegalovirus
1.
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2
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Age & Ageing 1984;13:205-9.
3.
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Varicella Zoster virus
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2.
Lin WR, Shang D, Itzhaki RF. Neurotropic viruses and Alzheimer disease.
Interaction of herpes simplex type 1 virus and apolipoprotein E in the etiology of the disease.
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3.
Ball MJ, Kaye JA, Steiner I. Neocortical temporal lobe sclerosis masquerading as
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HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS AND CORONARY HEART DISEASE
Herpes Simplex Virus and Coronary Heart Disease – medline search
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Fong IW. Emerging relations between infectious diseases and coronary artery disease
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Leinonen M,.Saikku P. Infections and atherosclerosis. [Review] [118 refs].
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Occupational relevance
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Occupational relevance
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PARVOVIRUS AND ANAEMIA
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Occupational relevance
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MEASLES AND CROHN'S DISEASE
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MEASLES AND MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
Measles and Multiple Sclerosis – medline search (using filters)
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to HL-A types in multiple sclerosis. Neurology 1976;26:651-5.
3.
Bansil S, Troiano R, Dowling PC, Cook SD. Measles vaccination does not prevent
multiple sclerosis. Neuroepidemiology 1990;9:248-54.
4.
Svenningsson A, Runmarker B, Lycke J, Andersen O. Incidence of MS during two
fifteen-year periods in the Gothenburg region of Sweden. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica
1990;82:161-8.
161
5.
Kinnunen E, Valle M, Piirainen L, Kleemola M, Kantanen ML, Juntunen J et al. Viral
antibodies in multiple sclerosis. A nationwide co-twin study. Archives of Neurology
1990;47:743-6.
6.
Caputo D, Ferrante P, Zaffaroni M, Ghezzi A, Cazzullo CL. Longitudinal survey of
T-lymphocytes and viral antibodies in MS patients. Italian Journal of Neurological Sciences
1987;Suppl 6:53-6.
7.
Ilonen J, Reunanen M, Salmi A, Herva E. Lymphocyte blast transformation responses
to mitogens and specific antigens in different clinical phases of multiple sclerosis: a follow-up
study. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica 1983;68:1-12.
8.
Arnadottir T, Reunanen M, Meurman O, Salmi A, Panelius M, Halonen P. Measles
and rubella virus antibodies in patients with multiple sclerosis. A longitudinal study of serum
and CSF specimens by radioimmunoassay. Archives of Neurology 1979;36:261-5.
9.
Reunanen M, Ilonen J, Arnadottir T, Ahonen A, Salmi A. Mitogen and antigen
stimulation of multiple sclerosis cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytes in vitro. Journal of the
Neurological Sciences 1983;58:211-21.
10.
Arnadottir T, Reunanen M, Salmi A. Intrathecal synthesis of virus antibodies in
multiple sclerosis patients. Infection & Immunity 1982;38:399-407.
11.
Ryberg B. Acute measles infection in a case of multiple sclerosis. Acta Neurologica
Scandinavica 1979;59:221-4.
12.
Reiber H, Ungefehr S, Jacobi C. The intrathecal, polyspecific and oligoclonal
immune response in multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis 1998;4:111-7.
13.
Bachmann S,.Kesselring J. Multiple sclerosis and infectious childhood diseases.
Neuroepidemiology 1998;17:154-60.
14.
Visudtibhan A, Mehta PD, Kulczycki J, Coyle PK, Thormar H. Intrathecal production
of measles-specific IgA in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. Acta Neurologica
Scandinavica 1997; 96:97-100.
15.
Kurtzke JF, Hyllested K, Arbuckle JD, Bronnum-Hansen H, Wallin MT, Heltberg A
et al. Multiple sclerosis in the Faroe Islands. 7. Results of a case control questionnaire with
multiple controls. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica 1997;96:149-57.
16.
Bansil S, Singhal BS, Ahuja GK, Riise T, Ladiwala U, Behari M et al. Multiple
sclerosis in India: a case-control study of environmental exposures. Acta Neurologica
Scandinavica 1997;95:90-5.
17.
Brankin B, Osman M, Herlihy L, Hawkins SA, Cosby SL. Failure to detect measles
virus RNA, by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, in peripheral blood leucocytes
of patients with multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis 1996;1:204-6.
18.
Casetta I, Granieri E, Malagu S, Tola MR, Paolino E, Caniatti LM et al.
Environmental risk factors and multiple sclerosis: a community-based, case-control study in
the province of Ferrara, Italy. Neuroepidemiology 1994;13:120-8.
162
19.
Gronning M, Riise T, Kvale G, Albrektsen G, Midgard R, Nyland H. Infections in
childhood and adolescence in multiple sclerosis. A case-control study. Neuroepidemiology
1993;12:61-9.
20.
Hopkins RS, Indian RW, Pinnow E, Conomy J. Multiple sclerosis in Galion, Ohio:
prevalence and results of a case-control study. Neuroepidemiology 1991;10:192-9.
21.
Ferrante P, Castellani P, Barbi M, Bergamini F. The Italian Cooperative Multiple
Sclerosis case-control study: preliminary results on viral antibodies. Italian Journal of
Neurological Sciences 1987;Suppl 6:45-50.
22.
Cooperative Italian study on multiple sclerosis and risk factors: a case-control study.
The Coordinating Center and the Neurological Centers of the Cooperative Group. Italian
Journal of Neurological Sciences 1987;Suppl 6:17-20.
23.
Casetta I,.Granieri E. Clinical infections and multiple sclerosis: contribution from
analytical epidemiology. [Review] [46 refs]. Journal of Neurovirology 2000;6 Suppl 2:S147S151.
24.
Talwar GP, Diwan M, Razvi F, Malhotra R. The impact of new technologies on
vaccines. [Review] [75 refs]. National Medical Journal of India 1999;12:274-80.
25.
Shoenfeld Y,.Aron-Maor A. Vaccination and autoimmunity-'vaccinosis': a dangerous
liaison?. [Review] [97 refs]. Journal of Autoimmunity 2000;14:1-10.
26.
Ohara Y. Multiple sclerosis and measles virus. [Review] [28 refs]. Japanese Journal
of Infectious Diseases 1999;52:198-200.
27.
Triulzi F,.Scotti G. Differential diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: contribution of
magnetic resonance techniques. [Review] [37 refs]. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery &
Psychiatry 1998;64 Suppl 1:S6-14.
28.
Gilden DH, Devlin ME, Burgoon MP, Owens GP. The search for virus in multiple
sclerosis brain. [Review] [59 refs]. Multiple Sclerosis 1996;2:179-83.
29.
Summers BA,.Appel MJ. Aspects of canine distemper virus and measles virus
encephalomyelitis. [Review] [66 refs]. Neuropathology & Applied Neurobiology
1994;20:525-34.
30.
Dhib-Jalbut S,.Jacobson S. Cytotoxic T cells in paramyxovirus infection of humans.
[Review] [35 refs]. Current Topics in Microbiology & Immunology 1994;189:109-21.
31.
Andersson M, Alvarez-Cermeno J, Bernardi G, Cogato I, Fredman P, Frederiksen J et
al. Cerebrospinal fluid in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: a consensus report. [Review] [50
refs]. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 1994;57:897-902.
32.
Sarchielli P, Trequattrini A, Usai F, Murasecco D, Gallai V. Role of viruses in the
etiopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. [Review] [60 refs]. Acta Neurologica 1993;15:363-81.
33.
Pitts OM. A reconsideration of the measles-adherent leukocyte phenomenon and
multiple sclerosis. [Review] [25 refs]. Medical Hypotheses 1993;41:55-8.
34.
Rice GP. Virus-induced demyelination in man: models for multiple sclerosis.
Review] [46 refs]. Current Opinion in Neurology & Neurosurgery 1992;5:188-94.
163
35.
Hafler DA,.Weiner HL. T cells in multiple sclerosis and inflammatory central
nervous system diseases. [Review] [68 refs]. Immunological Reviews 1987;100:307-32.
36.
Neetens A. The visual system in myelin disorders. A bird's eye overview. [Review]
[167 refs]. Bulletin de la Societe Belge d Ophtalmologie 1983;208 Pt 1:1-39.
37.
Rosenberg RN. Recombinant DNA and neurologic disease: the coming of a new age.
[Review] [30 refs]. Neurology 1983;33:622-5.
38.
Valbonesi M,.Garelli S. Plasma exchange in neurological diseases. A critical
approach. [Review] [93 refs]. Vox Sanguinis 1983;44:65-80.
39.
Wild TF. Measles virus and chronic infections. [Review] [20 refs]. Pathologie
Biologie 1981;29:429-33.
40.
Borecky L. Interactions between viral infection and immune mechanisms. [Review]
[69 refs]. Comparative Immunology, Microbiology & Infectious Diseases 1980;3:381-90.
41.
Lisak RP. Multiple sclerosis: evidence for immunopathogenesis. [Review] [111 refs].
Neurology 1980;30:99-105.
42.
Paterson PY. Joseph E. Smadel Memorial Lecture: neuroimmunologic diseases of
animals and humans. [Review] [66 refs]. Reviews of Infectious Diseases 1979;1:469-82.
43.
Behbehani AM. Slow-virus diseases: a concise review. [Review] [20 refs]. Journal of
the Kansas Medical Society 1979;80:600-4.
44.
Dubois-Dalcq M. Pathology of measles virus infection of the nervous system:
comparison with multiple sclerosis. [Review] [109 refs]. International Review of
Experimental Pathology 1979;19:101-35.
45.
Albrecht P. Immune control in experimental subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.
[Review] [73 refs]. American Journal of Clinical Pathology 1978;70:175-84.
46.
Viola MV, Scott C, Duffy PD. Persistent measles virus infection in vitro and in man.
[Review] [47 refs]. Arthritis & Rheumatism 1978;21:S47-S51.
47.
Johnson RT,.ter M, V. Slow infections of the nervous system. [Review] [100 refs].
Advances in Internal Medicine 1978;23:353-83.
48.
Morgan EM,.Rapp F. Measles virus and its associated diseases. [Review] [407 refs].
Bacteriological Reviews 1977;41:636-66.
49.
Becker LE. Slow infections of the central nervous system. [Review] [91 refs].
Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences 1977;4:81-8.
50.
Haire M. Significance of virus antibodies in multiple sclerosis. [Review] [48 refs].
British Medical Bulletin 1977;33:40-4
51.
Fraser KB. Multiple sclerosis: a virus disease?. [Review] [80 refs]. British Medical
Bulletin 1977;33:34-9.
52.
Acheson ED. Epidemiology of multiple sclerosis. [Review] [53 refs]. British Medical
Bulletin 1977;33:9-14.
164
53.
Currie S. Immunological factors in neurological disorders. [Review] [115 refs].
Modern Trends in Neurology 1975;6:17-33.
54.
Koestner A. Animal model of human disease: subacute sclerosing panencephalitis,
multiple sclerosis; animal model: distemper-associated demyelinating encephalomyelitis.
[Review] [15 refs]. American Journal of Pathology 1975;78:361-4.
55.
Kraft AM,.Wessman HC. Pathology and etiology in multiple sclerosis: a review.
[Review] [14 refs]. Physical Therapy 1974;54:716-20.
56.
Marsh RF. Slow virus diseases of the central nervous system. [Review] [105 refs].
Advances in Veterinary Science & Comparative Medicine 1974;18:155-78.
57.
Riekkinen PJ, Rinne UK, Arstila AU, Roytta M. Chemical pathology of multiple
sclerosis. [Review] [93 refs]. Annals of Clinical Research 1973;5:345-55.
58.
Weiner LP, Johnson RT, Herndon RM. Viral infections and demyelinating diseases.
[Review] [95 refs]. New England Journal of Medicine 1973;288:1103-10.
59.
Cathala F,.Brown P. The possible viral aetiology of disseminated sclerosis. [Review]
[80 refs]. Journal of Clinical Pathology - Supplement (Royal College of Pathologists)
1972;6:141-51.
60.
AdaMS JM. Demyelinating diseases and certain virus infections. [Review] [73 refs].
Pathobiology Annual 1972;2:183-205.
61.
Tourtellotte WW. Cerebrospinal fluid immunoglobulins and the central nervous
system as an immunological organ particularly in multiple sclerosis and subacute sclerosing
panencephalitis. [Review] [146 refs]. Research Publications - Association for Research in
Nervous & Mental Disease 1971;49:112-55.
HEPATITIS B and D
Occupational relevance
1.
Acute hepatitis B virus infection in children and teachers, England and Wales 1985­
90. CDR (London: England Weekly) 1991;1:75-6.
2.
Almi P, Toscano L, Rubino M, Toti M, Galluzzi P. Epidemiology of hepatitis B virus
infection in the staff of a psychiatric hospital. Minerva Medica 1989;80:1011-4.
3.
Amerena V,.Andrew JH. Hepatitis B virus: the risk to Australian dentists and dental
healthcare workers. Australian Dental Journal 1987;32:183-9.
4.
Anderson RA,.Woodfield DG. Hepatitis B virus infections in laboratory staff. New
Zealand Medical Journal 1982;95:69-71.
5.
Arnedo A, Latorre MD, Rosario PM, Safont L, Guillen F, Aguinaga I. Hepatitis A, B
and C in an occupational center for the mentally handicapped. Enfermedades Infecciosas y
Microbiologia Clinica 1998;16:370-3.
6.
Arvanitidou M, Constantinidis TC, Doutsos J, Mandraveli K, Katsouyannopoulos V.
Occupational hepatitis B virus infection in sewage workers. Medicina del Lavoro
165
1998;89:437-44.
Ref ID: 3443
8. Arvanitidou M, Constantinidis TC, Doutsos J, Katsouyannopoulos VC. Prevalence of
hepatitis a virus infection among the employees of a sewage organization. Acta
Microbiologica Hellenica 1998;43:38-43.
Ref ID: 4362 9.
Bandaranayake DR, Salmond CE, Tobias MI. Occupational risk of hepatitis B for
police and custoMS personnel. American Journal of Epidemiology 1991;134:1447-53.
Ref ID: 4279 10.
Bottcher-Buhler E. Occupational-related hepatitis virus infections. Fortschritte der
Medizin 1994;112:28+30. Ref ID: 2149 11.
Boxall EH. Risks to surgeons and patients from HIV and hepatitis [18]. British
Medical Journal 1993; 306:652-3. Ref ID: 1863 12.
Capilouto EI, Weinstein MC, Hemenway D, Cotton D. What is the dentist's occupational risk of becoming infected with hepatitis B or the human immunodeficiency
virus? American Journal of Public Health 1992;82:587-9. Ref ID: 4261 13.
Chriske HW, Abdo R, Richrath R, Braumann S. Danger of hepatitis B infection in
sewerage and sewage works staff. Arbeitsmedizin Sozialmedizin Praventivmedizin
1990;25:475-7. Ref ID: 3922 14.
Chronister CL,.Gurwood AS. Literature review of hepatitis B: should eye care
practitioners receive a hepatitis B vaccine? [see comments]. [Review] [31 refs]. Optometry &
Vision Science 1992;69:898-903. Ref ID: 1284 15.
Corrao G, Zotti C, Sciacovelli A. Hepatitis A and B virus infection in dustmen and
sewer workers. Giornale Italiano di Medicina del Lavoro 1985;7. Ref ID: 1628 16.
Cottone JA,.Puttaiah R. Hepatitis B virus infection. Current status in dentistry.
[Review] [62 refs]. Dental Clinics of North America 1996;40:293-307. Ref ID: 1016 17.
Craig CP, Gribble C, Suarez K. Risk of hepatitis B among phlebotomists. American
Journal of Infection Control 1981;9. Ref ID: 3750 18.
Gerlich WH,.ThoMSsen R. Outbreak of hepatitis B at a butcher's. Deutsche
Medizinische Wochenschrift 1982;107. Ref ID: 3740 19.
Lanphear BP. Transmission and control of bloodborne viral hepatitis in healthcare
workers. [Review] [127 refs]. Occupational Medicine 1997;12:717-30. Ref ID: 121 166
20.
Lodi G, Porter SR, Scully C. Hepatitis C virus infection: Review and implications for
the dentist. [Review] [270 refs]. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral
Radiology, & Endodontics 1998;86:8-22. Ref ID: 1122 21.
Mevorach D, Eliakim R, Brezis M. Hepatitis B - An occupational risk for butchers?
[9]. Annals of Internal Medicine 1992;116:428. Ref ID: 1924 22.
Mevorach D, Brezis M, Yishai FB, Sadeh T, Shouval D, Eliakim R. Increased risk of exposure to hepatitis B infection among butchers sharing knives. American Journal of
Medicine 1999;106:479-80. Ref ID: 4342 23.
Mijch AM, Barnes R, Crowe SM. An outbreak of hepatitis B and D in butchers.
Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases 1987;19. Ref ID: 3692 24.
Mills PR, Thorburn D, McCruden EAB. Occupationally acquired hepatitis C infection. Reviews in Medical Microbiology 2000;11:15-22. Ref ID: 2611 25.
Porter S, Scully C, Samaranayake L. Viral hepatitis. Current concepts for dental
practice. [Review] [182 refs]. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology 1994;78:682-95. Ref ID: 191 26.
Porter SR,.Lodi G. Hepatitis C virus (HCV)--an occupational risk to dentists?.
[Review] [21 refs]. British Dental Journal 1996;180:473-4. Ref ID: 1159 27.
Shaoliang S, Luyuan S, Yuanjian W, Zhanzhao L, Cuanzheng Z, Yingping W et al. A
seroepidemiologic study of hepatitis B virus infection among barbers in Huangshi City,
Hubei, China. Microbiology & Immunology 1988;32:229-33. Ref ID: 3908 28.
She SL, Shi LY, Wu YJ, Li ZZ, Zheng CZ, Wu YP et al. A seroepidemiologic study of hepatitis B virus infection among barbers in Huangshi City, Hubei, China. Microbiology &
Immunology 1988;32:229-33. Ref ID: 1446 29.
Shields JW. Clustered hepatitis B or human immunodeficiency virus transmission in
office settings. Lymphology 1995;28:141-6. Ref ID: 1191 30.
Siebert DJ, Lindschau PB, Burrell CJ. Lack of evidence for significant hepatitis B transmission in Australian Rules footballers. Medical Journal of Australia 1995;162:312-3. Ref ID: 2881 31.
Springbett RJ, Cartwright KA, Watson BE, Morris R, Cantle A. Hepatitis B markers in Gloucestershire firemen. Occupational Medicine (Oxford) 1994;44:9-11. Ref ID: 1264 167
32.
Wada Y, Kamiyama S, Koizumi A. Negligible risk of horizontal transmission of hepatitis B virus among mechanics and salespersons in the automobile industry [letter]. Industrial Health 1991;29:161-5. Ref ID: 1396 33.
Wilcox CW, Mayhew RB, Lagree JD, Tiffany RL. Incidence of hepatitis B exposure
among USAF dental laboratory technicians. American Journal of Dentistry 1990;3:236-8. Ref ID: 1387 34.
WilliaMS BG,.Pruitt B. Natural and induced immunity to hepatitis B virus among the
staff of a pediatric oncology center. American Journal of Infection Control 1984;12:261-5. Ref ID: 4927 35.
Woodruff BA, Moyer LA, O'Rourke KM, Margolis HS. Blood exposure and the risk
of hepatitis B virus infection in firefighters. Journal of Occupational Medicine 1993;35:1048-
54. Ref ID: 4206 HEPATITIS C
Occupational relevance
1.
Arnedo A, Latorre MD, Rosario PM, Safont L, Guillen F, Aguinaga I. Hepatitis A, B
and C in an occupational center for the mentally handicapped. Enfermedades Infecciosas y
Microbiologia Clinica 1998;16:370-3. Ref ID: 3098 2.
Bottcher-Buhler E. Occupational-related hepatitis virus infections. Fortschritte der Medizin 1994;112:28+30. Ref ID: 2149 3.
Boxall EH. Risks to surgeons and patients from HIV and hepatitis [18]. British
Medical Journal 1993; 306:652-3. Ref ID: 1863 4.
Lanphear BP. Transmission and control of bloodborne viral hepatitis in healthcare
workers. [Review] [127 refs]. Occupational Medicine 1997;12:717-30. Ref ID: 121 5.
Lodi G, Porter SR, Scully C. Hepatitis C virus infection: Review and implications for
the dentist. [Review] [270 refs]. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral
Radiology, & Endodontics 1998;86:8-22. Ref ID: 1122 6. .
Mills PR, Thorburn D, McCruden EAB. Occupationally acquired hepatitis C infection. Reviews in Medical Microbiology 2000;11:15-22. Ref ID: 2611 7.
Porter S, Scully C, Samaranayake L. Viral hepatitis. Current concepts for dental
practice. [Review] [182 refs]. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology 1994;78:682-95. Ref ID: 191 168
8.
Porter SR,.Lodi G. Hepatitis C virus (HCV)--an occupational risk to dentists?.
[Review] [21 refs]. British Dental Journal 1996;180:473-4. Ref ID: 1159 9.
Shaoliang S, Luyuan S, Yuanjian W, Zhanzhao L, Cuanzheng Z, Yingping W et al. A
seroepidemiologic study of hepatitis B virus infection among barbers in Huangshi City,
Hubei, China. Microbiology & Immunology 1988;32:229-33. Ref ID: 3908 HUMAN T-CELL LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS
Occupational Relevance
1.
HTLV missionaries and parasites [letter]. Lancet 1984;2:927-8.
2.
Avolio G, Cimino T, Malavenda P. Risk of HIV (HTLV-III/LAV) infection in
hospital staff. Medicolegal aspects. Minerva Medicolegale 1987;107:203-6.
3.
Erfle V, Hehlmann R, Mellert W, Kruger G, Seifried E, Heimpel H et al. Prevalence
of antibodies to HTLV-III in AIDS risk groups in West Germany. Cancer Research
1985;45:4627s-9s.
4.
Jones P,.Hamilton P. HTLV-III antibodies in haematology staff [letter]. Lancet
1985;1 :217.
5.
Lewandowski C, Ognjan A, Rivers E, Huitsing H, Pohlod D, Lee H et al. Healthcare
worker exposure to HIV-1 and HTLV I-II in critically ill, resuscitated emergency department
patients. Annals of Emergency Medicine 1992;21:1353-9.
6.
Murphy EL, Wilks R, Hanchard B, Cranston B, Figueroa JP, Gibbs WN et al. A case­
control study of risk factors for seropositivity to human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLVI) in Jamaica. International Journal of Epidemiology 1996; 25:1083-9.
7.
Murphy EL, Wilks R, Morgan OS, Hanchard B, Cranston B, Figueroa JP et al. Health
effects of human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) in a Jamaican cohort. International
Journal of Epidemiology 1996;25:1090-7.
8.
Norrgren H, Andersson S, Naucler A, Dias F, Johansson I, Biberfeld G. HIV-1, HIV­
2, HTLV-I/II and Treponema pallidum infections: Incidence, prevalence, and HIV-2associated mortality in an occupational cohort in Guinea-Bissau. JAIDS: Journal of Acquired
Immune Deficiency Syndromes 1995;9:422-8.
9.
Reitz JM, Hall L, Robert-Guroff M, Lautenberger J, Hahn BM, Shaw GM et al. Viral
variability and serum antibody response in a laboratory worker infected with HIV type 1
(HTLV type IIIB). AIDS Research & Human Retroviruses 1994;10:1143-55.
10.
Singer DR,.Almdal TP. Potential route of transmission of HTLV-III [letter]. Journal
of Infection 1986;12:86-7.
11.
Stricof RL,.Morse DL. HTLV-III/LAV seroconversion following
intramuscular needlestick injury. New England Journal of Medicine 1986;314.
169
a
deep
12.
Stuver SO, Tachibana N, Okayama A, Romano F, Yokota T, Mueller N.
Determinants of HTLV-1 seroprevalence in Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan: a cross-sectional
study. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 1992;5:12-8.
13.
Weiss SH, Saxinger WC, Rechtman D, Grieco MH, Nadler J, Holman S et al. HTLVIII infection among healthcare workers. Association with needle-stick injuries. JAMA
1985;254:2089-93.
HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSES
Occupational relevance
1.
Astbury C,.Baxter P. Doctors' HIV risk difficult to quantify [30]. British Medical
Journal 1993;307:205.
2.
Avidan MS, Jones N, Pozniak AL. The implications of HIV for the anaesthetist and
the intensivist. Anaesthesia 2000;55:344-54.
3.
Bailey M. Occupational HIV infection risk. Lancet 1990;335:1104-5.
4.
Boxall EH. Risks to surgeons and patients from HIV and hepatitis [18]. British
Medical Journal 1993;306:652-3.
5.
Castro KG, Dooley SW, Curran JW. Transmission of HIV-associated tuberculosis to
health-care workers [23]. Lancet 1992;340:1043-4.
6.
Coggin JJ. Preventing HIV transmission to healthcare workers (III). CMAJ
1991;144:408-9.
7.
Fry DE. HIV and other viruses in surgery: a continued occupational risk. [Review]
[40 refs]. Advances in Cardiac Surgery 1993;4:237-53.
8.
Lin EY,.Brunicardi FC. HIV infection and surgeons. [Review] [47 refs]. World
Journal of Surgery 1994;18:753-7
9.
Puro V, Ranchino M, Profili F. Occupational exposures to blood and risk of HIV
transmission in a general hospital (1986-88). European Journal of Epidemiology 1990;6:6770.
10.
Robert LM,.Bell DM. HIV transmission in the health-care setting: Risks to health­
care workers and patients. Infectious Disease Clinics of North America 1994;8:319-29.
* The total number of occupational papers was too numerous to list here. A selection of
reviews is given above.
HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUSES
Occupational relevance
1.
AbraMSon AL, DiLorenzo TP, Steinberg BM. Is papillomavirus detectable in the
plume of laser-treated laryngeal papilloma? Archives of Otolaryngology -- Head & Neck
Surgery 1990;116:604-7.
170
2.
Al-Ghamdi AA, Sanders CM, Keefe M, Coggon D, Maitland, NJ. Human
papillomavirus DNA and TP53 mutations in lung cancers from butchers. British Journal of
Cancer 1995;72:293-7.
3.
al Ghamdi AA, Sanders CM, Keefe M, Coggon D, Maitland NJ. Human
papillomavirus DNA and TP53 mutations in lung cancers from butchers. British Journal of
Cancer 1995;72:293-7.
4.
Andre P, Orth G, Evenou P, Guillaume JC, Avril MF. Risk of papillomavirus
infection in carbon dioxide laser treatment of genital lesions. Journal of the American
Academy of Dermatology 1990;22:131-2.
5.
Cothran MM,.White JE. Update on human papillomavirus. [Review] [57 refs].
Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners 1995;7:583-9.
6.
Deitmer T,.Wiener C. Is there an occupational etiology of inverted papilloma of the
nose and sinuses? Acta Oto-Laryngologica 1996;116:762-5.
7.
Ferenczy A, Bergeron C, Richart RM. Human papillomavirus DNA in CO2 laser­
generated plume of smoke and its consequences to the surgeon. Obstetrics & Gynecology
1990;75:114-8.
8.
Genner J, Scheutz F, Ebbesen P, Melbye M. Antibody to human papilloma virus in
Danish dentists. Scandinavian Journal of Dental Research 1988;96:118-20.
9.
Gloster HM, Jr.,.Roenigk RK. Risk of acquiring human papillomavirus from the
plume produced by the carbon dioxide laser in the treatment of warts. Journal of the
American Academy of Dermatology 1995;32:436-41.
10.
Guran S,.Pak I. Cumulation of TP53 mutations and p16INK4A/p15INK4B
homozygous deletions in human papilloma virus type 16 positive scrotal cancer. Cancer
Genetics & Cytogenetics 1999;109:108-13.
11.
Hippelainen M, Syrjanen S, Koskela H, Pulkkinen J, Saarikoski S, Syrjanen K.
Prevalence and risk factors of genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in healthy
males: a study on Finnish conscripts. Sexually Transmitted Diseases 1993;20:321-8.
12.
Melchers W, De Mare S, Kuitert E, Galama J, Walboomers J, Van den B et al.
Human papillomavirus and cutaneous warts in meat handlers. Journal of Clinical
Microbiology 1993;31:2547-9.
13.
Orth G, Jablonska S, Favre M. Identification of papillomaviruses in butchers' warts.
Journal of Investigative Dermatology 1981;76.
COXIELLA BURNETII (Q FEVER)
Occupational relevance
1.
Botros BA, Soliman AK, Salib AW, Olson J, Hibbs RG, WilliaMS JC et al. Coxiella
burnetii antibody prevalences among human populations in north-east Africa determined by
enzyme immunoassay. Journal of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene 1995;98:173-8.
171
2.
Fishbein DB,.Raoult D. A cluster of Coxiella burnetii infections associated with
exposure to vaccinated goats and their unpasteurized dairy products. American Journal of
Tropical Medicine & Hygiene 1992;47:35-40.
3.
Htwe KK, Yoshida T, Hayashi S, Miyake T, Amano K, Morita C et al. Prevalence of
antibodies to Coxiella burnetii in Japan. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 1993;31:722-3.
4.
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Badawi AF,.Michael MS. Risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma in Egypt: The
role of hepatitis-B viral infection and schistosomiasis. Anticancer Research 1999;19:4565-9. Ref ID: 4374 3.
Barbosa FS,.Pereira DCD. Incapacitating effects of schistosomiasis mansoni on the productivity of sugar-cane cutters in northeastern Brazil. American Journal of Epidemiology
1981;114. Ref ID: 3672 4.
Bedwani R, Renganathan E, El Kwhsky F, Braga C, Abu SH, Azm TA et al. Schistosomiasis and the risk of bladder cancer in Alexandria, Egypt. British Journal of
Cancer 1998;77:1186-9. Ref ID: 2490 5.
Blas BL. Agro-engineering and sanitation improvement in the control of schistosomiasis japonica in the Philippines: a review. Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical
Medicine & Public Health 1976;7:341-5. Ref ID: 1781 267
6.
Bukenya GB, Nsungwa JL, Makanga B, Salvator A. Schistosomiasis mansoni and paddy-rice growing in Uganda: An emerging new problem. Annals of Tropical Medicine &
Parasitology 1994;88:379-84. Ref ID: 2831 7.
Chandiwana SK, Taylor P, Chimbari M, Ndhlovu P, Makura, O et al. Control of
schistosomiasis transmission in newly established smallholder irrigation schemes.
Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene 1988;82:874-80. Ref ID: 4669 8.
Chapman PJ, Wilkinson PR, Davidson RN. Acute schistosomiasis (Katayama fever) among British air crew. BMJ 1988;297:1101. Ref ID: 4671 9.
de L, Rocha RS, Almeida Magalhaes MH, Katz N. A clinico-epidemiological survey
of schistosomiasis mansoni in a hyperendemic area in Minas Gerais State (Comercinho,
Brazil). I. Differences in the manifestations of schistosomiasis in the town centre and in the
environs. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene 1985;79:539-45.
Ref ID: 1773 10.
Hammam HM, Allam FA, Hassanein F. Relationship between pure Schistosoma haematobium infection in Upper Egypt and irrigation systems. Part III: Host characteristics.
The prevalence of S. haematobium in relation to religon, occupation, and habits. Gazette of
the Egyptian Paediatric Association 1975;23:227-41. Ref ID: 4730 11.
Kazura JW, Neill M, Peters PAS, Dennis E. Swamp rice farming: Possible effects on endemicity of Schistosomiasis mansoni and haematobia in a population in Liberia. American Journal of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene 1985;34. Ref ID: 3657 12.
Klumpp RK,.Webbe G. Focal, seasonal and behavioural patterns of infection and transmission of Schistosoma haematobium in a farming village at the Volta Lake, Ghana.
Journal of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene 1987;90:265-81. Ref ID: 4775 13.
Li YS,.Yu DB. Schistosoma japonicum infection among migrant fishermen in the
Dongting Lake region of China. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine &
Hygiene 1991;85:623-5. Ref ID: 4788 14.
Mohamed AM, el Sharkawi FM, el Fiki SA. Prevalence of schistosomiasis among fishermen of Lake Maryut. Egyptian Journal of Bilharziasis 1978;5:85-90.
Ref ID: 4816 15.
Narain K, Rajguru SK, Mahanta J. Incrimination of Schistosoma spindale as a causative agent of farmer's dermatitis in Assam with a note on liver pathology in mice.
Journal of Communicable Diseases 1998;30:1-6. Ref ID: 4824 16.
Ndamba J, Makaza N, Kaondera KC, Gomo E. A cross-sectional study on the prevalence and intensity of schistosomiasis among sugar cane cutters in Zimbabwe. Central African Journal of Medicine 1991;37:171-5. Ref ID: 4826 268
17.
Ndamba J, Makaza N, Kaondera KC, Munjoma M. Morbidity due to Schistosoma mansoni among sugar-cane cutters in Zimbabwe. International Journal of Epidemiology
1991;20 :787-95. Ref ID: 4825 18.
Ross AG, Yuesheng L, Sleigh AS, Yi L, WilliaMS GM, Wu WZ et al. Epidemiologic features of Schistosoma japonicum among fishermen and other occupational groups in the
Dongting Lake region (Hunan Province) of China. American Journal of Tropical Medicine &
Hygiene 1997;57:302-8. Ref ID: 4864 19.
Satti MZ, Sulaiman SM, Homeida MM, Younis SA, Ghalib HW. Clinical, parasitological and immunological features of canal cleaners hyper-exposed to Schistosoma
mansoni in the Sudan. Clinical & Experimental Immunology 1996;104:426-31.
Ref ID: 4876 20.
Satti MZ, Lind P, Vennervald BJ, Sulaiman SM, Daffalla AA, Ghalib HW. Specific immunoglobulin measurements related to exposure and resistance to Schistosoma mansoni infection in Sudanese canal cleaners. Clinical & Experimental Immunology 1996;106:45-54. Ref ID: 3000 21.
Tameim O, Abdu KM, El Gaddal AA, Jobin WR. Protection of Sudanese irrigation workers from schistosome infections by a shift to earlier working hours. Journal of Tropical
Medicine & Hygiene 1985;88. Ref ID: 3654 22.
Van Gompel A, Van den EE, Van den EJ, Geerts S. Laboratory infection with Schistosoma mansoni. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene 87:554-Oct. Ref ID: 4913 23.
Watts S,.El Katsha S. Irrigation, farming and schistosomiasis: A case study in the Nile delta. International Journal of Environmental Health Research 1997;7:101-13. Ref ID: 2996 269
APPENDIX 1 OCCUPATIONAL TRANSMISION
SEARCH STRATEGY
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. exp Occupations
exp agriculture/ or exp animal husbandry
exp child care/ or exp infant care
exp occupational diseases
exp health personnel/ or exp military personnel/ or exp occupational groups/ or exp
police/ or exp research personnel
exp nurseries/ or exp nurseries, hospital/
exp forestry
employee.mp.
forest.mp.
abbatoir.mp.
(land adj2 management).mp.
(zoo adj2 keeper).mp.
“pet adj2 shop”.mp.
“workers”.mp.
joiner$3.mp.
“wood dust”.mp.
“occupation”.mp.
exp air pollution/ or exp air pollution,indoor/
or/1-18
BACTERIA SEARCH TERMS
20. 21. 22. exp Bacteria
bacteri:.mp.
20 or 21
VIRUS SEARCH TERMS
23. 24. 25. exp Viruses/
“virus$2”.mp.
23 or 24
PARASITE SEARCH TERMS
26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. exp Parasites
exp Helminths
exp Trematoda
exp Toxoplasma
exp Schistosoma
parasites.mp.
helminths.mp.
“flukes”.mp.
(toxoplasma or schistosoma).mp.
or/26-35
270
FUNGUS SEARCH TERMS
36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. exp Allergens
exp fungi
“fung:”.mp.
“yeast”.mp.
“toxin”.mp.
or/36-41
GENERAL INFECTION TERMS
42. 43. 44. infect:.mp.
(“micro-organism” or microb:).mp.
42 or 43
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW FILTER
43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. meta-analysis.pt, sh.
(meta-anal: or metaanal).tw.
(quantiv: review: or quantiv: overview:).tw.
(systematic: review: or systematic: overview:).tw.
(methodologic: review: or methodologic: overveiw:).tw.
(integrative research review: or research integration:).tw.
(review.pt,sh. or review:.tw. or overview:.tw.
quantitativ: synthes:.tw.
43 or 44 or 45 or 46 or 47 or 48 or 50
(medline or medlars).tw,sh. or embase.tw.
(scisearch or psychinfo or psycinfo).tw.
(psychlit or psyclit).tw.
(hand search: or manual search:).tw.
(pooling or pooled analys: or mantel haenszel).tw.
(electronic database: or bibliographic database:).tw.
(peto or der simonian or dersimonian or fixed effect:).tw.
52 or 53 or 54 or 55 or 56 or 57 or 58
59 and 49
51 or 60
RANDOMISED CONTROLLED TRIAL FILTER
62. random:.tw,sh,pt. or placebo:.tw,sh.
63. (clinical trial or controlled clinical trial).pt.
64. double-blind:.tw,sh.
65. or/62-64
OTHER STUDIES FILTER
66. exp case-control studies/ or exp cohort studies/ or exp cross-sectional studies/ or exp
epidemiologic studies/ or exp seroeoidemiologic studies
67. exp epidemiologic study characteristics/ or exp intervention studies/
68. exp disease outbreaks/ or exp disease reservoirs/ or exp disease transmission/ or exp
“environment and public health”/ or exp environmental microbiology/ or exp public
health/
69. Serprevalence.mp.
70. surveillance.mp.
71. survey.mp.
72. or/63-69
271
SEARCH STRATEGIES
[numbers is square brackets refer to search terms listed above] (numbers in parenthesis are total papers identified prior to and after applying exclusions) Occupational terms [19] + bacterial terms [22] + systematic review terms [61] (3)(1) Occupational terms [19] + bacterial terms [22] + randomised controlled trials [65] (210)(43) Occupational terms [19] + bacterial terms [22] + other epidemiological studies [72]
(3337)(591) Occupational terms [19] + bacterial terms [22] [not the above] (1674)(287) Occupational terms [19] + virus terms [25] + systematic review terms [61] (10)(3)
Occupational terms [19] + virus terms [25] + randomised controlled trials [65] (217) (27) Occupational terms[19] + virus terms [25] + other epidemiological studies [72] (2925) (687) Occupational terms [19] + virus terms [25] (3804) not included Occupational terms [19] + parasite terms[35] + systematic review terms[61] (1)(0)
Occupational terms[19] + parasite terms [35] + randomised controlled trials [65] (36)(10) Occupational terms [19] + parasite terms [35] + other epidemiological studies [72] (390)
(121) Occupational terms [19] + parasite terms [35] [not the above] (159) (36) Occupational terms [19] + fungus terms [41] + systematic review terms [61] (6) (5) Occupational terms [19] + fungus terms [41] + randomised controlled trials [65] (171) (35) Occupational terms [19] + fungus terms [41] (3591) not included Occupational terms [19] + general infection terms [44] + systematic review terms [61] (14)
(7)
Occupational terms [19] + general infection terms [44] + randomised controlled trials [65]
(368) (156) Occupational terms [19] + general infection terms [44] (7943) not inluded 272
CHRONIC HEALTH EFFECTS SEARCHES
ADENOVIRUS SEARCH TERMS
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. exp adenoviridae/
adenovirus.mp
1 or 2
exp chronic disease/
chronic infection.mp.
persistent infection.mp.
latent infection.mp.
or/2-5
exp Asthma
exp Lung diseases, obstructive/
exp Obesity
exp Myocardial disease
exp Celiac disease
exp NeoplasMS/et [Etiology]
Search strategies
[numbers is square brackets refer to search terMS listed above]
(numbers in parenthesis are total papers identified prior to reading abstracts and excluding
papers) (numbers in bold are papers identified by ISI search prior to duplicates being
removed)
[3] and
[3] and
[3] and
[3] and
[3] and
[3] and
[3] and
[8]
[9]
[ 10]
[ 11]
[ 12]
[ 13]
[14]
(81)
(26)
(84)
(3)
(36)
(22)
(198)
(5)
(3)
(2)
(4)
(2)
Cytomegalovirus search terms
1. 2. 3. 4.
5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. exp cytomegalovirus/ or exp cytomegalovirus infections/
cytomegalovirus.mp
exp chronic disease
p ersistent infection.mp.
persistent disease.mp.
latent infection.mp.
chronic disease.mp.
exp aids-related opportunistic infections/ or exp immunocompromised host/or exp
immunologic deficiency syndromes/
exp postoperative complications/ or exp transplants
exp bone marrow transplantation/ or exp graft rejection/ or exp heart transplantation/
or exp kidney transplantation/ or exp transplantation immunology/ or exp
transplantation, homologous/
exp angioplasty/ or angioplasty, balloon/ or exp angioplasty , balloon, laser-assisted/
or exp angioplasty, laser/ or exp angioplasty, transluminal, percutaneous coronary/
exp Coronary disease
exp Artherosclerosis
273
14. 15.
16
17. 18. 19. exp arterial occlusive diseases/ or exp carotid artery diseases/ or exp coronary
arteriosclerosis/ or mitral valve stenosis
1 or 2
or/3-7
or/ 8-10
or/12-14
exp Guillain-barre syndrome/
Search strategies
[numbers is square brackets refer to search terMS listed above]
(numbers in parenthesis are total papers identified prior to reading abstracts and excluding
papers) (numbers in bold are papers identified by ISI search prior to duplicates being
removed)
[15] and [16] not [17] (199)
[15] and [18] not [11] (225) (30)
[15] and [19]
(94)
(6)
Herpes viruses search terms
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. exp simplexvirus/
exp herpesviridae/ or exp herpesviridae infections/ or exp herpesvirus 6, human
exp chickenpox/ or exp herpes zoster/ or exp herpesvirus 3, human/
(Herpes adj3 virus).mp.
exp Multiple sclerosis/
multiple sclerosis.mp.
exp Alzheimer disease/
alzheimer.mp.
exp Fatigue syndrome, chronic/
exp Coronary disease
exp Artherosclerosis
exp arterial occlusive diseases/ or exp carotid artery diseases/ or exp coronary
arteriosclerosis/ or mitral valve stenosis
or/1-4
5 or 6
7 or 8
or/10-12
Search strategies
[numbers is square brackets refer to search terMS listed above]
(numbers in parenthesis are total papers identified prior to reading abstracts and excluding
papers) (numbers in bold are papers identified by ISI search prior to duplicates being
removed)
[13] [13] [13] and
and
and
[14]
[15]
[9]
(389)
(67)
(140)
(27)
(5)
(13)
[13] and [16] (164)
274
Measles search terms
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
exp measles virus/
measles.mp.
exp Crohn disease/
Crohn's disease.mp
crohn.mp.
exp multiple sclerosis
multiple sclerosis.mp
1 or 2
or/3-5
6 or 7
Search strategies
[numbers is square brackets refer to search terMS listed above]
(numbers in parenthesis are total papers identified prior to reading abstracts and excluding
papers) (numbers in bold are papers identified by ISI search prior to duplicates being
removed)
[8]
[8] and
and
[9]
[10]
(74) (14)
(643) –
[8]
and
[10]
Reviews (medline filter) (39)
too numerous to review all abstracts therefore
applied epidemiological study filters which proved
unsuccessful.
Parvovirus search terms
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
exp parvovirus/ or exp parvovirus b19, human/
parvovirus.mp
exp anaemia/ or exp chronic disease/
chronic anaemia.mp.
1 or 2
3 or 4
Search strategies
[numbers is square brackets refer to search terMS listed above]
(numbers in parenthesis are total papers identified prior to reading abstracts and excluding
papers) (numbers in bold are papers identified by ISI search prior to duplicates being
removed)
[5]
and
[6]
(547)
(11)
Chlamydia search terms
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
exp chlamydia/ or exp chlamydia infections/
chlamydia.mp.
exp coronary disease/
coronary.mp.
exp Artherosclerosis
artherosclerosis.mp.
275
7. 8
9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. exp asthma/
exp chronic disease
asthma.mp.
chronic.mp.
exp Guillain-barre syndrome/
Guillain-Barre.mp.
exp Cerebellar ataxia
1 or 2
or/3-6
or/7-10
or/11-13
Search strategies
[numbers is square brackets refer to search terMS listed above]
(numbers in parenthesis are total papers identified prior to reading abstracts and excluding
papers) (numbers in bold are papers identified by ISI search prior to duplicates being
removed)
[14] and
[15] (408)
-
too numerous to review all abstracts therefore
applied epidemiological study filters – see table in
main text for results (48)
[14] and
[16] (617)
-
too numerous to review all abstracts therefore
applied epidemiological study filters – see table in
main text for results
[14] and
[17] (4)
Coxiella search terms
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. exp coxiella/ or exp Coxiella burnetii
coxiella.mp.
exp heart valves/
heart valves.mp.
exp endocarditis/ or exp endocarditis, bacterial/ or exp endocarditis, subacute
bacterial/
endocarditis.mp.
exp brain diseases/ or exp mental disorders/ or exp nervous system diseases/ or exp
psychotic disorders/
neuropsychiatric.mp.
1 or 2
or/3-8
Search strategies
[numbers is square brackets refer to search terMS listed above]
(numbers in parenthesis are total papers identified prior to reading abstracts and excluding
papers) (numbers in bold are papers identified by ISI search prior to duplicates being
removed)
[9]
and
[10]
(154)
(7)
276
Bartonella search terms
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. exp Bartonella
bartonella.mp.
exp endocarditis/ or exp endocarditis, bacterial/ or exp endocarditis, subacute
bacterial/
endocarditis.mp.
exp diabetic retinopathy/ or exp endothelium/ or exp fundus oculi/ or exp
hemangioma/ or exp hemangioma, capillary/ or exp neovascularization, pathologic/
or exp retina/ or exp retinal diseases/ or exp retinal neoplasMS/ or exp retinal
neovascularization
vasoproliferative.mp.
1 or 2
or/ 3-6
Search strategies
[numbers is square brackets refer to search terMS listed above]
(numbers in parenthesis are total papers identified prior to reading abstracts and excluding
papers) (numbers in bold are papers identified by ISI search prior to duplicates being
removed)
[7] and
[8]
(100)
(19)
Borrelia search terms
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. exp borrelia/ or exp borrelia infections
Borrelia.mp.
exp chronic disease
chronic.mp.
1 or 2
3 or 4
Search strategies
[numbers is square brackets refer to search terMS listed above]
(numbers in parenthesis are total papers identified prior to reading abstracts and excluding
papers) (numbers in bold are papers identified by ISI search prior to duplicates being
removed)
[5] and
[6]
(511)
-
too numerous to review all abstracts therefore
applied epidemiological study filters which proved
unsuccessful.
[5] and
[6]
Reviews (medline filter) (122) (69)
Campylobacter search terms
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. exp Campylobacter/
campylobacter.mp.
exp Guillain-barre syndrome/
Guillain-Barre .mp
exp arthritis, reactive/ or exp reiter’s disease/
Reiter's.mp.
1 or 2
or/3-6
277
Search strategies
[numbers is square brackets refer to search terMS listed above]
(numbers in parenthesis are total papers identified prior to reading abstracts and excluding
papers) (numbers in bold are papers identified by ISI search prior to duplicates being
removed)
[7]
and
[8]
(211)
-
not specific enough and to numerous to review all
abstracts therefore applied epidemiological study
filters which proved unsuccessful.
[5]
and
[6]
Reviews (medline filter) (77) (48)
Helicobacter pylori search terms
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
exp Helicobacter pylori/
Helicobacter pylori.mp.
exp coronary disease
coronary.mp.
exp Crohn disease
crohn.mp.
1 or 2
or/3-6
Search strategies
[numbers is square brackets refer to search terMS listed above]
(numbers in parenthesis are total papers identified prior to reading abstracts and excluding
papers) (numbers in bold are papers identified by ISI search prior to duplicates being
removed)
[7]
and
[8]
(137)
(17)
Salmonella typhi search terms
1.
2.
3.
4.
exp Salmonella typhi
Salmonella typhi.mp
exp biliary tract/ or exp biliary tract diseases/ or exp biliary tract neoplasMS/
1 or 2
Search strategies
[numbers is square brackets refer to search terMS listed above] (numbers in parenthesis are total papers identified prior to reading abstracts and excluding
papers) [3]
and
[4]
(44)
(6)
278
APPENDIX 2 CHRONIC HEALTH EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE TO BIOLOGICAL AGENTS
DATA EXTRACTION SHEET
REFERENCE MANAGER ID ……………. TITLE …………………………………………………………………………………
AUTHOR(S) …………………………………………………………………………. JOURNAL, DATE ETC ………………………………………………………………
Paper identified by
1. Medline search; 2. Embase serach; 3. Cochrane search; 4. ISI search; 5. Hand search; 6. Other
Country where the study was conducted …………………………………………….
Description of the evidence
Exposure or intervention …………………………………………………………….
Outcome …………………………………………………………………………….
Study design …………………………………………………………………………
Study population …………………………………………………………………….
Main result ………………………………………………………………………….
Potential sources of bias (see check list)
Potential confounding (see check list)
Potential chance variation (see check list)
Conclusions of authors: accepted not accepted
as appropriate)
Comments:
Hierarchy of evidence level ……………………………………………………….
279
(circle
To asses the extent to which bias, confounding and chance could have led to the
conclusions of the papers reviewed the following checklists were used:
Check-list for meta-analysis/systematic literature reviews
1. 2. Is the research question/hypothesis clearly stated?
Are the methods clearly stated including data sources and inclusion/exclusion criteria
and are there any obvious omissions? Was publication bias considered? Are
excluded studies described?
Did the authors assess the quality of the studies, are their assessments free from bias
(blind) and reproducible?
Was variation in the findings of studies analysed in terMS of different study designs,
populations, exposures or outcomes?
Did the meta-analysis (if any) include only papers with uniform exposures (clinical
severity) and outcomes?
Does the interpretation include reference to sample size, statistical difference vs
clinical importance, outliers, subgroup analysis and fail safe n.
3. 4. 5. 6. Check-list for randomised control trials
1. 2. 3.
4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Is the research question/hypothesis clearly stated?
Is the sample representative of the study population (case definition practical and
reproducible/exclusion criteria, disease spectrum)?
Was an a priori estimate made of sample size and what was the power of the
study?
What was the method of allocation to intervention/control group and were the
groups comparable and treated equally?
Was a placebo/double-blinding/cross-over used?
Is the intervention clearly stated and reproducible (co-interventions)?
Are the base-line and follow-up measurements reproducible and were methods
validated?
Is the duration of follow-up stated and appropriate?
What proportion of subjects dropped out and was the analysis based on intention
to treat?
Are the statistical tests appropriate and used to control for potential confounding
factors?
Check-list for case control studies
1. 2.
3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Is the research question/hypothesis clearly stated?
Was an a priori estimate made of sample size and what was the power of the
study?
Is the case definition clearly stated and do the cases represent the whole case
population (diagnosis, severity)?
Are the controls from a similar population, are multiple control groups/ matching
used?
Are response rates for cases and controls given and are low rates likely to have
affected the findings of the study?
Were the same techniques/researchers/tools/observation techniques used for cases
and controls?
Was data validated by multiple sources (written records etc.)?
280
Check-list for cohort and cross-sectional studies (including seroprevalence studies)
1. Is the research question/hypothesis clearly stated?
2. Was an a priori estimate made of sample size and what was the power of the study?
3. Is the case definition clearly stated and do the cases represent the whole case
population (diagnosis, severity)?
4. Are exposures clearly defined and measured?
5. A
re measurements reliable and validated (standardised, calibrated devices,
independent trained personnel, multiple observers/data sources)?
6. Were other differences between the exposed and unexposed groups measured and
considered in the analysis?
7. What were the response rates, are non-participants characterised and are low rates
likely to have affected the findings of the study?
8. Was the length of follow-up appropriate?
9. Are the cohorts periodically re-examined to determine exposure status?
10. Are time-order relationships clear?
11. What were the drop out rates and are they likely to have affected the findings of the
study?
12. Are both groups observed equally using identical methods and tools?
13. Are the statistical techniques appropriate?
281
GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS USED
AD
CFS
CHD
CMV
CNS
CRD
DNA
EBV
EID
HHV6
HSV
HTLV (I,II,III)
IARC
IBD
MRSA
MS
PBMC
PCF
PCR
PHLS
RNA
TAQ
UGI
UWCM
VTEC O157
VZV
WHO
Alzheimer’s Disease
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Coronary Heart Disease
Cytomegalovirus
Central Nervous System
Centre for Reviews and Dissemination
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Epstein-Barr Virus
Emerging Infectious Diseases
Human Herpesvirus 6
Herpes simplex virus
Human T cell lymphotropic virus (types I, II or III)
International Agency for Research on Cancer
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Multiple Sclerosis
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Pharyngoconjuctival fever
Polymerase chain reaction
Public Health Laboratory Service
Ribonucleic acid
Thermos aquaticus
Upper gastrointestinal
University of Wales College of Medicine
Verotoxin producing Escherichia coli serotype O157
Varicella zoster virus
World Health Organisation
Printed and published by the Health and Safety Executive
C1.25
8/02
ISBN 0-7176-2542-7
RR 006
£25.00
9 780717
625420