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Robert E. Nordquist, Ph.D. CURRICULUM VITAE Name: Robert E. Nordquist, Ph.D. Address: Office: Wound Healing of Oklahoma 3505 Twelve Oaks Road Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73120 Phone: (405) 650-3717, FAX: (405) 752-0949 Education: B.A., Psychology, Biology Oklahoma City University Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 1968 Ph.D., Pathology University of Oklahoma Norman, Oklahoma 1971 PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE: 1997 – 2000 Oklahoma State University Adjunct Professor of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery 1981 – 2000 Oklahoma University Health Science Center Research Professor Department of Ophthalmology 1981 – 1996 Dean A. McGee Eye Institute Cora Snetcher Research Professor of Ophthalmology Dean A. McGee Eye Institute Director of Research 1977 – 1981 Oklahoma University Health Science Center Associate Professor Department of Anatomical Sciences 1971 – 2000 Oklahoma University Health Science Center Adjunct Associate Professor Department of Dermatology 1976 – 1977 Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation Associate Member Cancer Research Section 1971 – 1977 Oklahoma University Health Science Center Assistant Professor Department of Pathology 1971 – 1976 Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation Assistant Member Cancer Research Section 1 Robert E. Nordquist, Ph.D. BUSINESS INTERESTS: 1997- Present President and founder of Wound Healing Of Oklahoma, Inc. 2003-Present Managing Partner of Advanced Cancer Therapies, L.L.C. 2006-Present Founder of Immunophotonics, Inc. 2009-Present Founder of Innovative Therapies, Ltd. HONORS AND AWARDS: Research and Special Studies Fellow, Department of Experimental Pathology, Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation, 1971. Research and Special Studies Fellow, Etiology Division, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, 1972. Fellow, NATO Advanced Study Institute, "Molecular Tumor Virology", Monte Carlo, Monaco, July, 1973. Founding President of the Oklahoma Society for Electron Microscopy, 1980. Recipient of the Cora Snetcher Research Professor of Ophthalmology Endowment for the Dean R. McGee Eye Institute, September 1985. MEMBER SHIP IN PROFESSIONAL SOCIETIES: American Association for Cancer Research Microscopy Society of America American Association for the Advancement of Science Microscopy Society of Oklahoma Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology RESEARCH: 1. Immunological and biochemical events in human cancer and wound repair. 2. Pathological and biochemical changes in developing and noplastic cells. BOOKS: Nordquist, R.E.: Fluorescent Techniques, in "The Handbook of the Biological Stain Commission", ed. G. Clark; Waverly Press, Philadelphia. 1977 Chen, W.R., Liu, H. and Nordquist, R.E. Photothermal and immunological reactions against metastatic tumors using laserphotosensitizer-immunoadjuvant. Frontiers in Interdisciplinary Physics (IAPS Press, La Jolla, CA, 1999), Edited by V. Stefan, (in press). Chen, W.R., Liu, H. and Nordquist, R.E. Laser Immunotherapy: A Novel Treatment Modality for Metastatic Tumors. Cancer Immunotherapy Protocols (The Humana Press, Totowa, NJ, 1999), Edited by Luc Michiels and Kris Motmans, (in press). Chen, W.R., Liu, H. and Nordquist, R.E. Detection of anti-tumor immunity induced by laser immunotherapy. Cancer Immunotherapy Protocols (The Humana Press, Totowa, NJ, 1999), Edited by Luc Michiels and Kris Motmans, (in press). 2 Robert E. Nordquist, Ph.D. UNITED STATES PATENTS AWARDED AND STILL IN FORCE: 1. Wound Healing composition and method: USPN 5053388, 1991. 2. Treated corneal prosthetic device: USPN 5171318, 1992. 3. Method and apparatus for reprofiling of the anterior stroma by scraping: USPN 5591185, 1997. 4. Method and apparatus for lowering the intraorular pressure of an eye: USPN 5520631, 1996. 5. Method and apparatus for measuring the visual acuity of the human eye: USPN 5557352, 1998. 6. Method and apparatus for lowering the intraocular pressure of an eye: USPN 5704907, 1998. 7. Chitosan derived biomaterials: USPN 5704907, 1998. 8. Field of Vision Collimator: USPN 5754274, 1998. PUBLICATIONS Peer-Reviewed Journal Articles: 1. Nix, T.E., Jr., Nordquist, A.E., Scott, J.R., and Everett, M.A.: Ultrastructural changes in stratum corneum induced by ultraviolet light, J. Invest. Dermatol. 43:301-31, 1964. 2. Nix, T.E., Jr., Nordquist, R.E. and Everett, M.A.: Possible plnocytosis In epidermis. J. Invest. Dermatol. 44:354-357, 1965. 3. Nix, T.E. Jr., Nordquist, R.E., Scott, J.R., and Everett, M.A.: Ultrastructural changes induced by ultraviolet light in human epidermis: Basal spineus layers, J. Invest. Dermatol. 45:52-64, 1965. 4. Nix, T.E. Jr., Nordquist, R.E., Scott, J.R. and Everett, M.A.: Ultrastructure changes Induced by ultraviolet light in human epidermis: Granular and transitional layers. J. Ultra. Res. 12:547-573, 1965. 5. Nix, T.E. Jr., Nordquist, R.E., Scott, J.R., and Everett, M.A.: Ultrastructural study of nucleolar enlargements following ultraviolet Irradiation of human epidermis, J. Invest. Dermatol. 45:114-118, 1965. 6. Nix, T.E. Jr., Nordquist, R.E., Anglin, J.H. Jr., and Everett, M.R.: The epidermal irregular dense bodies: Correlation of ultrastructural histochemistry with biochemical characteristics, J. Invest. Dermatol. 45:432-447, 1966. 7. Olson, R.L. and Nordquist, R.E.: Ultramicroscopic localization of acid phophatase in human epidermis. J. Invest. Dermatol. 46(4):431-435, 1966. 8. Nordquist, R.E., Olson, R.L., and Everett, M.A.: The transport, uptake and storage of ferritin in human epidermis. Arch. Dermatol. 94(4):482-490,1966. 9. Foldman, J.D. and Nordquist, R.E.: Immunologic competence of thoracic duct cells. II. Ultrastructure. Lab. Invest. 16:564-579, 1967. 10. I. Olson, R.L., Nordquist, R.E. and Everett, M.A.: An electron microscopic study of Bowen's Disease. Cancer Res. 28:2078-2085, 1968. 11. Olson, R.L., Nordquist, R.E. and Everett, M.A.; Mitosis in human epidermis: An ultrastructural study. Dermatologica 138:268-283, 1969. 3 Robert E. Nordquist, Ph.D. 12. Currie, J.M. and Nordquist, R.E.: Xeroderma pigmentosum, J. Am Med. Assoc. 288:249-250, 1969. 13. Currie, J.M. and Nordquist, R.E.: Xeroderma pigmentosum. Arch. Dermatol. 102(2):236, 1978. 14. Olson, R.L. Nordquist, R.E., and Everett, M.A.: Dyskeratosis in Bowen's disease. Brit. J. Dermatol. 81:676-680, 1970. 15. Nordquist, R.E., Olson, R.L., Everett, M.A., and Condit, P.T.: Virus-like particles in Bowen's disease. Cancer Res. 30:288-293, 1970. 16. Tu, S.H., Nordquist, R.E. and Griffin, M.J.: Membrane changes in HeLa cells grown with cortisol. Biochem. Biophys. Acta 290: 92-109, 1972 17. Tulsani, D.R.P., Nordquist, R.E. and Carubelli, R.: The neuraminidases of rat eyes. Exp. Eye Res. 15:93-103, 1973. 18. Nordquist, R.E., Bell, R.O., Sinclare, R.S. and Keyl, M.J.: The distribution and ultrastructural morphology of lymphatic vessels in the canine renal cortex.Lymphol. 6:13-19, 1973. 19. Coalson, R.E., Nordquist, R.E., Rhoades, E.R., Mohr, J.A., and Coalson, J.J.: Alveolar cell carcinoma: An in vitro study. Lab. Invest. 281:38-48, 1973. 20. Nordquist, R.E.: Specific antigens in human alveolar cell carcinoma. Cancer Res. 33:1790-1795, 1973. 21. Nordquist, R.E., Bell, R.O., Sinclair, R.S., and Keyl, M.J.: The distribution and ultra structure of renal lymphatic vessels proliferating in response to kidney injury in the dog. Lymphol. 7:32-36, 1974. 22. Shaw, M.T., Twele, T.W., and Nordquist R.E.: Plasma cell leukemia: Detailed studies and response to therapy. Cancer. 33:619-625, 1974. 23. Nordquist, R.E., Palmieri, G.M.A.: Intracellular localization of parathyroid hormone in the kidney. EndocrinoL. 95;229-237, 1974. 27. Palmieri, G.M.A., Nordquist, R.E., and Omen, G.S.: Immunochemical localization of parathyroid hormone in cancer tissue from patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. J. Clin. Invest. 53:1726-1735, 1974. 24. Mohr, J.A., Nordquist, R.E., Rhoades E.R., Coalson, R.E.., and Coalson, D.D.: Alveolar cell carcinoma (ACC) like antigen and antibodies in patients with ACC and other malignancies. Cancer Res. 34:1904-1907, 1974. 25. Nordquist, R.E., Coalson R.E., Mohr, J.A., Rheados, E.R., Coalson, J.J., and Volling, N.I.: Virus-like particles in a human lung tumor. Proc. Electron Microscopy Soc. Amer. 32:43-44, 1975. 26. Hoge, A.F., Hartsuck, J.M., and Nordquist R. E.: Hormone assays on breast tumor. Lancet. 1:678,1974. 27. Nordquist R.E., Ishmael, D. R., Lovig, C.A., Huder, D.M., an Hoge, A.F.: The tissue culture and morphology of a human breast tumor cell line (BOT-2). Cancer Res. 35:3100-3105, 1975. 28. Shaw, M. T., Bottomley, R. H., Gozea, P.N., and Nordquist, R. E.: Heterogeneity of morphological cytochemical and cytogenic features in the blastic phase of chronic granulocytic leukemia. Cancer 35:199-287,1975. 29. Shaw, M.T. and Nordquist R.E.: "Pure" monocytic or histiomonocytic leukemia: A revised concept. Cancer 35:208214, 1975. 30. Mohr, J.A., Nordquist, R.E., Coalson, R. E., Rheades, E.R., and Coalson, J. J.: Lymphocyte associated antigens in patients with alveolar cell carcinoma, J. Lab. Clin. Med. 86: 498-493, 1975. 31. Schweers, C.A., Shaw, M.T., Nordquist R. E., Rose, D.D. and Kell, D.: Solitary cecal Plasmacytoma. Electron 4 Robert E. Nordquist, Ph.D. microscopic, immunologic and cytochemical studies. Cancer. 37:2220-2223, 1976. 32. Nordquist, R.E., Schafer, R.B., Manning, N.E., Ishmael, D.R., and Hoge, A.F.:Anti-tumor antibodies in human breast cancer sera as detected by fixed cell immunofluorescence and living cell membrane immunofluorescence assays. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 89:257-261, 1977. 33. Nordquist, R.E., Anglin, J.H., and Lerner, M.P.: Antibody induced antigen redistribution and shedding from human breast cancer cells. Science. 97:366-367, 1977. 34. Anglin, J.H., Lerner, M.P., and Nordquist, R.E.: Blood group-like activity released by human mammary carcinoma cells in culture. Nature. 269:254-255, 1977. 35. Schafer, F.B., Lerner, M.P., Anglin, J.H., and Nordquist, R.E.: Purification of shed melanoma proteins by affinity chromatography. Cancer Lett. 3:325-331, 1977. 36. Lerner, M.P., Anglin, J.H., and Nordquist, R.E.: Cell surface antigens from human breast tumor cells. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 68:39-44, 1978. 37. Nordquist, R.E., Anglin, J.H., and Lerner, M.P.: Antigen shedding by human breast cancer cells in vitro. Brit. J. Cancer. 37:776-779, 1978. 38. Schafer, F.B., Lerner, M.P., Anglin, J.H., and Nordquist R.E.: Is shedding of immune system inhibitors responsible for the survival of human melanoma tumors? Pigment Cell. 5:169-173, 1979. 39. Everett, M.A.. Wasik, R., and Nordquist, R.E.: Melanosome size and distribution in American Indians. Pigment Cell. 4:298-303 1979. 40. Holt, P.J.A., Anglin, J.H., and Nordquist, R.E.: Localization of specific carbohydrate configurations in human skin using fluorescein-labelled lectins. Brit. J. Dermatol. 100:237-245, 1979. 41. Bazzell, K.L., Coleman, R.L., and Nordquist, R.E.: Induction of metallothionein-Iike protein in and human breast tumor cells. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmoacol. 50:199-205, 1979 42. Eastman, J.T., DeVries, R.L., Coalson, R.E., Nordquist, R.E., and Boyd, R.B.: Renal conservation of antifreeze peptide in Antarctic ellpount, Rhlohila dearborni. Nature. 282:217-218, 1979. 43. Chaudhury, T.K., Lerner, M. P., and Nordquist, R.E.: Angiogenesis by human melanoma and breast cancer cells. Cancer Letters. 11:43-49, 1980. 44. Murray, J.L., Lerner, M.P. and Nordquist, R.E.: Elevated gamma glutamyl transpeptidase levels in malignant melanoma. Cancer. 49(7): 1439-1443,1981. 45. Murray, J.L., Springle, C., Ishmael, D.R., Lee, E.T., Longleg, R., Kollmnrgen, G.M., and Nordquist, R.E.: Adherent indomethacin-sensitive suppresser cells in malignant melanoma. Cancer Immunol. and Immunother. 11:165, 1981. 46. Dormer, K.J., Richard, G.L., Hough, J.V.D., and Nordquist, R.E.: The use of rare-earth magnet couplers in cochlear implants. The Laryngoscope XCL(11):1812-1820, 1981. 47. Worret, W-I., Cunningham, D.E. and Nordquist, R.E.: Scanning Electronmicroscopy (SEM) of lipid structures. Electron Microscopy Vol. 3, ed.The Congress Organizing Committee. Published by the Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Elektronemikroskopie, e.v., 253-254. 1982. 48. Sifers, R.N., Mayes, J.S., and Nordquist, R.E.: Loss of electron-dense lameliar material from Fabry's disease fibroblasts after enzyme replacement. Hum. Genet. 65:85-87. 1983. 5 Robert E. Nordquist, Ph.D. 49. Lerner, M.P., Lucid, S.W., Wen, G.J., and Nordquist, R.E.: Selected area membrane shedding by tumor cells. Cancer Letters 20:125-130, 1983. 50. Sahm, D.F., Murray, J.L., Munson, P.L., Nordquist, R.E., and Lerner, M.P.: Gamma glutamyl transpeptidase levels as an aid in the management of human cancer. Cancer. 52(9):1673-1678, 1983 51. Kishore, G. S., Nordquist, R. E. and Carubelli, R.: Sialic acid metabolism in rat liver: Effect of carbon tetrachloride. Life Sciences 33: 2129-2136, 1983. 52. Burris, T.E., Nordquist, R.E., and Rowsey, J.J.: Model of epithelial down growth I. Clinical correlations and light microscopy. Cornea 2:277-287, 1983. 53. March, W.F., Gherezghiher, T., Koss, M.C., and Nordquist, R.E.: Laser induced glaucoma in rabbits. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. (suppl.) 25:106, 1984. 54. Burris, T.E., Rowsey, J.D. and Nordquist, R.E.: Model of epithelial downgrowth II. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy of corneal epithelialization. Cornea. 3(2):141-151, 1984. 55. Koss, M.C., Nordquist, R.E., March, W.F., and Gherezghiher, T.: Effect of anti-glaucoma drugs in a rabbit model of laser induced "glaucoma". The Pharmacologist. 26(3):210-215, 1984. 56. March, W.F., Koss, M.C., Gherezghiher, T. and Nordquist, R.E.: Pathogenesis of acute ocular hypertension after laser trabeculoplasty ICRLEOCongress. 1984. 57. March, W.F., Gherezghiher, T., Koss, M.C., and Nordquist, R.E.: Effects of laser in the trabecular meshwork. In: Ophthalmic Lasers: Current Clinical Uses. Ed. Wayne F. March. Thorofare, New Jersey, Slack Inc., 211-226, 1984. 58. Koss, M.C., March, W.F., Nordquist, R.E. and Gherezghiher, T.: Acute lOP elevation produced by argon laser trabeculoplasty in the cynomolgus monkey. Arch. Ophthalmol. 102:1699-1703, 1984. 59. March, W.F., Gherezghiher, T., Koss, M.C.., and Nordquist, R.E.: Ultrastructural and pharmacologic studies on laserinduced glaucoma in primates and rabbits. Lasers in Surg. and Med. 4:329-335, 1984. 60. March, W.F., Gherezghiher, T., Koss, M.C. and Nordquist, R.E.: Experimental YAG laser sclerostomy. Arch. Ophthalmol. 102:1834-1836, 1984. 61. March, W.F., Erickson, J.P., Gherezghiher, T., Koss, M.C. and Nordquist, R.E.:Design of new contact lens for the YAG laser filtering procedures. Ophthalmic Surgery, 16:328-329. 1985. 62. March, W.F., Gherezghiher, T., Koss, M.C., Shaver, R., Health, W., and Nordquist, R.E.: Histologic study of Nd-YAG laser sclerostomy. Arch. Opthalmol. 103:860-863, 1985. 63. Gherezghiher, T., Nordquist, R.E., Koss, M.C., and March, W.F.: Neodymium-YAG laser sclerostomy in primates. Arch. Ophthalmol. 183:1543-1545,1985. 64. March, W.F., Bernitsky, D. Gherezghiher, T., Koss, M.C. and Nordquist, R.E.:Creation of filtering blebs with the YAG laser in primates and rabbits. Glaucoma.7:43-45, 1985. 65. Burris, T.E., Nordquist, R.E., and Rowsey, J.J.: Model of Epithelial Downgrowth: III. Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy of Iris Epithellalization. Cornea 5(3):173-180, 1986. 66. Burris, T.E., Nordquist, R.E., and Rowsey, J.J.; Cryopexy of Epithelial down-growth. Cornea 5(3):173-180, 1986. 67. March, W.F., Gherezghiher, T., Koss, M.C. and Nordquist, R.E.: Techniques for one-stage YAG laser filtering procedure. Ophthalmic Laser Therapy1:23-26, 1986.. 6 Robert E. Nordquist, Ph.D. 68. Gherezghiher, T., March, W.F., Nordquist, R.E. and Koss, M.C.: Laser induced glaucoma in rabbits. Exp. Eye Res. 43:885-894, 1986. 69. Gherezghiher, T., Koss, M.C., Nordquist, R.E., and Wilkinson, C.P.: Rapid and sensitive method for measurement of hyaluronic acid and isomeric chondroi:tin sulfates using high- performance liquid chromatography, J. Chromatography 413:9-15, 1987. 70. March, W.F., Gherezghiher, T., Shaver, R.P., Koss, M.C., and Nordquist, R.E.: Safety of high energy Neodymium: YAG laser pulses in YAG sclerostomy. Lasers in Surg. and Med. 6:584-587, 1987. 71. Gherezghiher, T., Koss, M.C., Nordquist, R.E., and Wilkinson, C.P.: Analysis of vitreous and aqueous levels of hyaluronic acid: Application of high-performance liquid chromatography. Exp. Eye Res. 45:347-349, 1987. 72. March, W.F., Shaver, R.P., Gherezghiher, T., and Nordquist, R.E.: Silver Oxide in YAG Sclerostomy. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine. 7:353-354, 1987. 73. Stonecipher, K.G., Jensen, H.G., Rowsey, J.J. and Nordquist, R.E.: Topical application of all-trans-retinoic acid. A look at the cornea and limbus. Graefe's Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol. 226:371-376, 1988. 74. Cunan, C.M., Buchen, S.Y., Nordquist, R.E. and Knight, P.J.: A comparison of four shipping/storage methods for epikeratophakia lenses: Results of laboratory studies. Journal of Refractive Surgery.4:(4) 136-141,1988. 75. Brown, G.L. Curtsinger, L.J., White, M., Mitchell, R.O. Pietsch, J., Nordquist,R.E., VonFraunhofer, A. and Schultz, G.S.: Acceleration of tensile strength of incisions treated with EGF and ATGF-B. Annals of Surgery, 208:(6) 788-794, 1988. 76. Worret, W.-I, Nordquist, R.E., and Burgdorf, W.H.C.: Abnormal cutaneous nerves in incontinentia pigmenti. Ultrastructural Pathology 12:449-454, 1988. 77. Balyeat, H.D., Nordquist, R.E., Lerner, M.P. and Gupta, A.: A comparison of endothelial damage produced by control and surface modified PMMA IOLs. Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery 15(5):491-494, 1989. 78. Carubelli, R. Nordquist, R.E., and Rowsey, J.J.: Role of active oxygen species in corneal ulceration: Effect of hydrogen peroxide generated in Situ. Cornea 9(2):161-169, 1990. 79. Chace, K.V., Carubelli, R. and Nordquist, R.E.: The role of Nonenzymatic Glycosylation, Transition Metals, and Free Radicals in the Formation of Collagen Aggregates. Arch. Of Biochemistry and Biophysics. 288(2): 473-480, 1990. 80. Chace K.V., Carubelli, R., Nordquist, R.E. and Rowsey, J.J.: Effect of oxygen free radicals on corneal collagen. Free Rad. Res. Cornms. 13:591-594, 1991. 81. Jett, B.D., Jensen, H.G., Nordquist, R.E. and Gilmore, M.S.: Contribution of the padi-encoded cytolysin to the severity of experimental Enterococcus faecalis endophthalmitis. Infection and Immunity, 2445-2452, 1992. 82. Chen, W.R., Adams, R.L., Heaton S., Dickey, D.T., Bartels, K.E. and Nordquist,R.E.: Chromophore-enhanced lasertumor tissue photothermal interaction using 888 nm Diode Laser. Cancer Letters. 88:15-19, 1994. 83. Nordquist, R.E., Nguyen, H., Poyer, J.L. and Carubelli, R.: The role of free radicals in paraquat-induced corneal lesions. Free Rad. Res. 23:61-71, 1995. 84. Devore, D.P., Scott, J.B., Nordquist, R.E., Hoffman, B.S., Nguyen, H. and Eiferman, A.A.: Rapily polymerized collagen gel as a smoothing agent in excimer laser photoablation. Journal of Refractive and Corneal Surgery. Vol. 11:5055, 1995. 85. Chen, W.R., Adams, R.L., Bartels, K.E., and Nordquist, R.E.: Chromophore enhanced in vivo tumor cell destruction using an 808 nm diode laser. Cancer Letters 94: 125-131, 1995 7 Robert E. Nordquist, Ph.D. 86. Anderson, R.E., Alvarez, R. A., Guo, X.X., Nordquist, R.E., Baehr, W., Ghalayini, A.J.: Genesencoding enzymes involved in phosphoinositide metabolism are candidate genes for inherited retinal degenerations in humans. Retinal Degeneration and Regeneration pp. 81-88, 1995. 87. Vernino, A.R., Jones, F.L., Holt, R.A., Nordquist, R.E. and Brand, J.W.: Evaluation of the potential of a Polylactic acid barrier for correction of periodontal defects in baboons: A clinical and histologic study. J. Periodontics Restorative Dent Vol 15: 84-101, 1995. 88. Lerner, M.P., Donoso, L.A., Nordquist, R.E., and Cunningham, M.W.: Immunological mimicry between retinal santigen and group A streptococcal M proteins. Autoimmunity Vol 22: 95-106, 1995. 89. Chen, W.R., Adams, R.L., Barrels, K.E., Aaron K. Biggins, and Nordquist, R.E.: Photothermal effects on murine mammary tumors using indocyanine green and an 808-nm diode laser: an in vitro efficacy study. Cancer Letters 98: 169173, 1996. 90. Dickey, D.T., Bartels, K.E., Henry, G.A., Stair, E.L., Schafer, S.A., Fry, T. R. and Nordquist, R. E.: Use of the holmium yttrium aluminum garnet laser for percutaneous thoracolumbar intervertebral disk ablation in dogs. JAVMA Vol 1208: 1263-1267, 1996. 91. Chen, W.R., Adams., R. L., Higgans, A.K., Bartels, K.E. and Nordquist, R.E.: Photothermal effects on murine mammary tumors using indocyanine green and an 808-nm diode laser: Cancer Letters 98: 169-173, 1996. 92. Chen, W.R., Adams, R.L.., Carubelli, R. and Nordquist R.E.: Laser-photosensitizer assisted immunotherapy: a novel modality for cancer treatment. Cancer Letters 115: 25-38, 1997. 93. Taylor, D.L., Schafer, S.A., Nordquist, R.E., Payton, M.E., Dickey, D.T., Bartels, K.E.: Comparison of a high power diode laser with the Nd: YAG laser using insitu wound strength analysis of healing cutaneous incisions. Lasers Surg Med 21: 248-254, 1997. 94. Holt, R.A. and Nordquist, R.E.: Effect of resin/fluoride and Holmium: YAG laser irradiation on the resistance to the formation of caries-like lesions. J. Prosthodontics 6: 11-19, 1997. 95. Chen, W.R., Adams, R.L., Carubelli, R. and Nordquist, R.E.: Laser-photosensitizer assisted immunotherapy: A novel modality far cancer treatment. Cancer Letters 115: 25-30, 1997. 96. Chodosh, Nordquist, J., Nordquist, R.E. and Kennedy, R. C.: Anatomy of mammalian conjunctival lumphoepithelium. Adv Exp Med Biol 438: 557-565, 1998. 97. Wei R. Chen, Wei-Guo Zhu, Joseph R. Dynlacht, Hong Liu and Robert E. Nordquist, “Long-term tumor resistance induced by laser photo-immunotherapy”, International Journal of Cancer, 81, 808-812, 1999. 98. Fang Xu, Hong Liu, Xizeng Wu, Hangyi Jiang, Robert E. Nordquist and Wei R. Chen, “Measurement of x-ray attenuation coefficients of aqueous solutions of indocyanine green and glycated chitosan”, Medical Physics, 26, 1371-1374, 1999. 99. Wei R. Chen, Hong Liu, John A. Nordquist and Robert E. Nordquist, “Tumor cell damage and leukocyte infiltration after laser immunotherapy treatment”, Lasers in Medical Science, 15, 43-48, 2000. 100. Wei R. Chen, Anil K. Singhal, Hong Liu, and Robert E. Nordquist, “Laser immunotherapy induced antitumor immunity and its adoptive transfer”, (Advances in Brief) Cancer Research, 61, 459-461, 2001. 101. Wei R. Chen, Hong Liu and Robert E. Nordquist, “Dynamically observing intratumor injection of laser-absorbing dye and immunoadjuvant using digital x-ray imaging technique”, Optical Engineering, Vol. 40 (7), 1249-1254, 2001. 8 Robert E. Nordquist, Ph.D. 102. Wei R. Chen, Jerry W. Ritchey, Kenneth E. Bartels, Hong Liu, and Robert E. Nordquist, “Effect of different components of laser immunotherapy in treatment of metastatic tumors in rats”, Cancer Research, 62 4295-4299, 2002. 103. Wei R. Chen, Hong Liu, Raoul Carubelli and Robert E. Nordquist, “Synergistic Effect of Photothermal and Photoimmunological Reactions in Treatment of Metastatic Tumors”, Journal of X-Ray Science and Technology, 10, 225235, 2002. 104. D. Richard Ishmael, Wei R. Chen, John Nordquist, Hong Liu, and Robert E. Nordquist, “Synergistic Effect of Sequential Administration of Mitoguazone (MGBG) and Gemcitabine in Treating Tissue Cultured Human Breast Cancer Cells and Mammary Rat Tumors”, Cancer Investigation, 21, 217-226, 2003. 105. D. Richard Ishmael, Wei R. Chen, Steven A. Hamilton, Hong Liu, and Robert E. Nordquist, “A Phase I Human Trial of Mitoguazone and Gemcitabine Sequential Bi-Weekly Treatment of Cancer Patients”, Cancer Investigation, 21, 542-549, 2003. 106. Wei R. Chen, Raoul Carubelli, Hong Liu, and Robert E. Nordquist, “Laser Immunotherapy: A Novel Treatment Modality for Metastatic Tumors”, Molecular Biotechnology, 25, 37-43, 2003. 107. Wei R. Chen, Raoul Carubelli, Hong Liu, and Robert E. Nordquist, “Detection of Anti-Tumor Immunity Induced by Laser Immunotherapy”, Molecular Biotechnology, 25, 45-51, 2003. 108. Wei R. Chen, Sang Won Jeong, Michael D. Lucroy, Roman F. Wolf, Eric W. Howard, Hong Liu, and Robert E. Nordquist, “Induced anti-tumor immunity against DMBA-4 metastatic mammary tumors in rats using a novel approach”, International Journal of Cancer, 107 (6), 1053-1057, 2003. 109. Wei R. Chen, Mladen Korbelik, Kenneth E. Bartels, Hong Liu, Jinghai Sun, and Robert E. Nordquist, “Enhancement of laser cancer treatment by a chitosan-derived immunoadjuvant”, Photochemistry and Photobiology, 81, 190-195, 2005. 110. D. Richard Ishmael, Hong Liu, John A. Nordquist, Robert E. Nordquist, and Wei R. Chen, “Phase I Trial of Concurrent Administration of Topotecan and Docetaxel for Cancer Treatment”, Journal of Applied Research, 5, 53-60, 2005. 111. Wei R. Chen, Zheng Huang, Mladen Korbelik, Robert E. Nordquist, and Hong Liu, “Photoimmunotherapy for Cancer Treatment”, Journal of Environmental Pathology, Toxicology and Oncology, 25, 281-291, 2006. 112. Wei R. Chen, Kenneth E. Bartels, Hong Liu, and Robert E. Nordquist, “Laser-Photothermal Effect on Skin Tissue – Damage and Recovery”, Journal of X-Ray Science and Technology, 14, 207-215, 2006. 113. Mark F. Naylor, Wei R. Chen, T. Kent Teague, Lisa Perry, and Robert E. Nordquist, “In Situ Photo Immunotherapy: A Tumor-Directed Treatment Modality for Melanoma”, British Journal of Dermatology, 155, 1287-1292, 2006. 114. Sheng Song, Feifan Zhou, Robert E. Nordquist, Raoul Carubelli, Hong Liu, and Wei R. Chen, “Glycated chitosan as a new non-toxic immunological stimulant”, Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology, 31(2), 202–208, 2009. 115. Xiaosong Li, Tomas Hode, Maria C. Guerra, Gabriela L. Ferrel, John A. Lunn, Orn Adalsteinsson, Robert E. Nordquist, and Wei R. Chen, “Combined effects of selective photothermal therapy and immunoadjuvant against Stage IV breast cancer”, Journal of Innovative Optical Health Science, 3, 279-284, 2010. Conference Proceeding Papers 1. Olson, R.L., Nordquist, R.E., Nordquist, J., and Everett, M.A.: Lysosomes and the skin. Proc. lnterna. Congr. of Dermatol., Symposium 9, 1956-1961, 1968. 2. Nordquist, R.E., Coalson, J.J., Mohr, J.A., Rhoades, E.R., and Coalson, R.E.:Preliminary ultrastructural and tissue culture studies on human alveolar cell carcinoma. Proc. Okla. Acad. Sci. 1:12-27, 1970. 9 Robert E. Nordquist, Ph.D. 3. Keller, N., Nordquist, R.E., and Griffin, M.J.: "Effect of cortisol on HeLa cell metabolism and morphology", "Oncology", ed. R.L. Clark et al. Vol.l:440-454, Year Book Medical Publishers, NY, 1971. 4. Nordquist, R.E., Palmieri, G.M.A., Phillips, R.H., Hartsuck, J.M. and Volling, N.E.: Cellular changes in the canine parathyroid following pancreatectomy. Proc. Electron Microscopy Soc. Amer. 32:18-19,1974. 5. Nordquist, R.E., Coalson R.E., Mohr, J.A., Rhoades, E.R., Coalson, J.J., and Volling, N.I.: Virus-like particles in a human lung tumor. Proc. Electron Microscopy Soc. Amer. 32:43-44, 1975. 6. Lovig, C.A., Nordquist, R.E., Maragishi, H., and Bottomleu, R.H.: Morphology and transplantability of tumors derived from clones of the H-411-E rat hepatoma cell line. Proc. Electron Microscopy Soc. Amer. 33:386-387, 1975. 7. Lovig, C.A., Nordquist, R.E., Maragishi, H., and Bottomley, R.H.: Morphologic and biochemical characteristics of H411-E rat hepatoma clones. Proc. electron Microscopy Soc. Amer. 33:384-385, 1975. 6. Nordquist, R.E. Wasik, R.M., Riggs, P.J., Munson, P.L. and Schafer, F.B.: A new human breast tumor cell line. Proc. Electron Microscopy Soc. Amer. 33:388-389, 1975. 9. Shaw, M. T., Bottomley, R. H., Gozea, P.N., and Nordquist, R. E.: Heterogeneity of morphological cytochemical and cytogenic features in the blastic phase of chronic granulocytic leukemia. Cancer 35:199-287,1975. 10. Garner, W.D., Nordquist, R.E., Bottomley, R. H. and Hawrylko, J. M.: Electron microscopic examination of DNA in an alkaline sucrose medium. Proc. Electron Microscopy Soc. Amer. 33:612-613, 1975. 11. Nordquist, R. E., Anglin, J.J. and Lerner. M. P.: Lectin binding to human breast tumor cells. Proc. Electron Microscopy Soc. Amer. 34:34-35, 1976. 12. Gavlor, J.A., Schafer, F., and Nordquist, R.E.: An ultrastructural study of human melanoma in vivo and vitro. Proc. Electron Microscopy Soc. Amer. 34:258-259, 1976. 13. Ishmael D.R., Nordquist, R.E., Bottomley, R.H., and Zieren, J.: Vitamin A acid (Retinoic Acid) as an adjuvant to increase adriamycin cytotoxicity in human breast cancer cells in vitro. Proc. 3rd Internat. Sump. on the Detection and Prevention of Cancer, pt. I. Prevention. Vol. I: Etiology, ed. H.E. Neibergs. Marcel Dekker, Inc., 727-736, 1977. 14. Lerner, M.P. Anglin, J.H., Munson, P.L., Riggs, P.J., and Nordquist, R.E.: Immunologic reactivity in human breast cancer against cultured human breast tumor cells. Proc. Okla. Acad. Sci. 58:22-26, 1978. 15. Dormer, K.J., Richard, G.L., Hough, J.V.D., and Nordquist, R.E.: The use of rare-earth magnet couplers in cochlear implants. The Laryngoscope XCL(11):1812-1820, 1981. 16. Lucid, S.W., Wen, K.J., Lerner, M.P., and Nordquist, R.E.: Cytochemical observations on human breast tumor plasma membranes. Proc. Electron Microscopy Soc. Amer. 48: 228-221, 1982. 17. Worret, W-I., Cunningham, D.E. and Nordquist, R.E.: Scanning Electronmicroscopy (SEM) of lipid structures. Electron Microscopy Vol. 3, ed.The Congress Organizing Committee. Published by the Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Elektronemikroskopie, e.v., 253-254. 1982. 18. Koss, M.C., March, W.F., Nordquist, R.E., and Gherezghiher, T.: Eleuacion aguda de ia presion intraocular producida por trabeculoplastia con laserde agon en monos cynomolgus. Arch. Ophthalmol. (ed. en espanol) 2:26-30, 1986. 19. Nyuyen, H., Carubelli, R., Chace, K.U., Graham, S.A., and Nordquist, R.E.: The effect of active oxygen species in the cornea. Proc. Elect. Micro. Soc., Biological Science. 242-243, 1990. 20. Okubo, H., Koss, M.C., Nguyen, H., Lerner, M.P., Gherezghiher, T., Wen, J. and Nordquist, R.E.: Anatomical variations in ocular vasculature of rabbits, rats and cats. Proc. Elect. Micro. Soc., Biological Science 268-269, 1990. 10 Robert E. Nordquist, Ph.D. 21. Kostolich, M., Bartels, K.E., Schafer, S.R., Nordquist, R.E. and Poweliz, R.C.: Ho-YAG laser ablation of alimentary tract mucosa. SPI E Vol. 1880:74-81, 1993. 22. Holt, R.A. and Nodquist, R.E.: Ho-YAG laser in dentistry: Photoconditioning of dentinal surfaces. S P I E Vol. 2128:308-318, 1994. 23. Chen, W. R., Holt, A. and Nordquist, R.E.: Ablation of skin tissue by holmium: YAG laser. S P I E Vol. 2143R: 341351, 1994. 24. Fry, T. R., Bartels, K. E., Henry, G. A., Schafer, S. A., Stair, E. L., Nordquist, R. E., and Powell, R. C.: Holmium: YAG Laser discectomy in dogs: A pilot project. SPIE 2128: 554-560, 1994. 25. Dickey, D.T., Bartels, K.E., Spindel, M.L., Stair, E.L., Zang, X., Brusewitz, G.H., Schafer, S.A., Yamanshi, W.S. and Nordquist, R.E.: Wound healing in rabbits: Comparison of four methods of incision. SPIE 2128: 590-594, 1994. 26. Bartels, K.E., Henry, G.A., Dickey, D.T. Stair, E.L., Powell, R., Schafer, S.A., Nordquist, R.E., Frederickson, C.J. Hayes, D.J. and Wallace, D.B.: Ablation of intervertebral discs in dogs using a Micro Jet assisted dye-enhanced injection device coupled with the diode laser. SPIE 2128: 554-560, 1994. 27. Bartels, K.E., Morton, N.J., Dickey, D.T., Stair, E.L., Payne, M.E., Schafer, S.A. and Nordquist, R.E.: Use of diode laser energy (808nm) for selective photothermolysis of contaminated wounds. SPIE. Vol. 2394, 1995. 28. Chen, W.R., Holt Jr., R.A., and Nordquist, R.E.: Laser-hard tissue interactions: Energy transmission through human dental tissue using holmium:YAG laser. SP I E. Vol 2394, 68-77, 1995. 29. Holt, R.A., and Nordquist, R.E.: Holmium: YAG laser: Effects on dentin demineralization. SPIE 2394: 105-110, 1995 30. Chen, W.R., Wichert K.G., Higgins, A.K. Barrels K.E., Adams R.L., and Nordquist R.E. : Effects of indocyanine green in the treatment of murine mammary tumor by an 808-nm diode laser: an in vivo study. SPIE 2675: 114-121, 1996. 31. Chen, W.R. Jassemnejad, B., Crull, J., Knobee E., and Nordquist, R.E.: Detection and characterization of chemicalinduced abnormal tissue and rat tumors at different stages using fluorescence spectroscopy. SP I E 2679: 55-64, 1996. 32. Chen, W.R., Phillips, C. S., Bartels, K.E., Adams, R.L. and Nordquist, R.E.: Indocyanine green in-siter adminstration and photothermal distruction of tumor cells using an 808-nm diode laser. SPIE 2681: 94-101, 1996. 33. Holt, R.A. and Nordquist, R.E.: Holmium: YAG Laser: Effect on pupal tissues and root surfaces. SPIE 2672: 610,1996. 34. Bartels, K.E., Stair, E.L., Dickey, D.T., Hurd, J.S., Powell, R., Schafer, S.A., Nordquist, R.E., Willis, R. J., Hults, D.F.: Use of the diode laser (805nm) and an angled fiber for coagulation/vaporization of the prostate in the dog. SPIE 2671: 175182, 1996. 35. Chen, W.R., Okrongly, D.A., Adams, R.L., Nordquist, R.E.: Laser-tissue photobiological interaction: a new mechanism for laser-sensitizer-immunoadjuvant treatment of metastatic cancers. SPIE 2975: 290-297,1997. 36. Chen, W. R., Okrongly, D.A., Adams, R.L., and Nordquist, R.E.: Laser-tissue photobiological interaction: A new Mechanism for laser-sensitizer-immunoadjuvant treatment of metastatic cancer. SPIE 2975: 290-297, 1997. 37. Wang, L., Chen W. R. and Nordquist, R.E.: Theoretical studies of optimal light delivery for tumor treatment. SPIE 2975: 84-95, 1997. 38. Bartels, K.E., Henry, G. Al, Dickey, D.T., Stair, E.L., Powell, R., Schafer, S.A., Nordquist, R.E., Frederickson, C.J., Hayes, D.J. and Wallace, D.B.: Ablation of intervertebral discs in dogs using a MicroJet assisted dye-enhanced injection device coupled with the diode laser. SPIE 3245: 500-406, 1998. 11 Robert E. Nordquist, Ph.D. 39. Woods, J.P., Bartels, K.E., Davidson, E.B., Ritchey, J., Lehenbauer, T.W., Nordquist, R.E. and Chen, W.R.: Laser immunotherapy of canine and feline neophasia. SPIE 3245: 432-440, 1998. 40. Telfair, W. B., Hoffman, H. J., Nordquist, R.E. and Eiferman, R.A.: Evaluation of corneal ablation by an optical parametric oscillator (OPO) at 2.94 microns and an Er: YAG laser; and comparison to ablation by a 193 nm excimer laser. SPIE 3246: 97-108,1998. 41. Nordquist, R.E., Nordquist, J.A., Agee, J.C., Blomquist, C.M. and Chen, W.R.: Morphological studies of metastitic mammary rat tumors after laser immunotherapy treatment. SPIE 3254: 36-41, 1998. 42. Chen, W.R., Robinson, K.E., Adams, R.L., Singhal, A.K. and Nordquist, R.E.: Anti tumor immune responses induced by photogynamic immunotherapy in rats. SPIE 3254: 27-34, 1998. 43. Chen, W.R., and Nordquist R.E.: Control of metastatic tumors by laser immunotherapy through local treatment. SPIE 3548: 75-82, 1998. 44. Wei R. Chen, Ahmad El-Samad and Robert E. Nordquist, “Photothermal and immunological reactions against metastatic tumors using laser-photosensitizer-immunoadjuvant”, SPIE 3601, 75-81, 1999. 45. Wei R. Chen, Hong Liu, Anil K. Singhal, and Robert E. Nordquist, “Passive adoptive transfer of antitumor immunity induced by laser-dye-immunoadjuvant treatment in a rat metastatic breast cancer model”, SPIE Proceedings, Vol. 3914, 2632, 2000. 46. Andrea K. Ives, Wei R. Chen, Baha Jassemnejad, Kenneth E. Bartels, Hong Liu, John A. Nordquist and Robert E. Nordquist, “Laser-tissue photothermal interaction and tissue temperature change”, SPIE Proceedings, Vol. 3914, 94-101, 2000. 47. Wei R. Chen, Hong Liu, Ken E. Bartels and Robert E. Nordquist, “Functions of laser light, laser-absorbing dye and immunoadjuvants in Photo Dynamic Immuno Therapy”, SPIE Proceedings, Vol. 4224, 322-330, 2000. 48. Wei R. Chen, “Optimizing laser immunotherapy of tumors”, Bulletin of TherapeuticAdvances, LeadDiscovery, http://www.leaddiscovery.fsnet.co.uk/target-discovery/abstracts/0436.html. 49. Wei R. Chen, Michael D. Lucroy, Hong Liu, Kenneth E. Bartels, Baha Jassemnejad, Shawn L. Barker, Punit Gandhi, and Robert E. Nordquist, “Immunoadjuvants in treatment of metastatic breast tumors using selective laser photothermal interaction”, SPIE Proceedings, Vol. 4257, 1-8, 2001. 50. Wei R. Chen, Hong Liu, and Robert E. Nordquist, “Mechanism of laser immunotherapy – role of immunoadjuvant and induction of anti-tumor immunity”, SPIE Proceedings, Vol. 4536, 82-89, 2002. 51. Wei R. Chen, Hong Liu, and Robert E. Nordquist, “Monitoring of laser treatment of rat tumors using digital x-ray imaging technique”, SPIE Proceedings, Vol. 4615, 117-126, 2002. 52. Wei R. Chen, Hong Liu, Roman Wolf, Michael D. Lucroy, and Robert E. Nordquist “Function of immunoadjuvants in laser immunotherapy for treatment of metastatic breast tumors in rats”, SPIE Proceedings, Vol., 4617, 11-17, 2002. 53. Thomas M. Cowan, Guangyu Liu, Sarah Simmons, Jeremy Real, Michael D. Lucroy, Kenneth E. Bartels, Robert E. Nordquist, and Wei R. Chen, “Selective photothermal interaction using near-infrared laser and laser-absorbing dye in gel phantom and chicken breast tissue”, SPIE Proceedings, Vol., 4617, 18-25, 2002. 54. Wei R. Chen, Jerry W. Ritchey, Kenneth E. Bartles, Michael D. Lucroy, Hong Liu, and Robert E. Nordquist, “Laser immunotherapy in treatment of metastatic prostate tumors in rats”, SPIE Proceedings, Vol., 4707, 165-172, 2002. 12 Robert E. Nordquist, Ph.D. 55. Wei R. Chen, Hong Liu, Roman Wolf, Michael D. Lucroy, and Robert E. Nordquist, “Selective photothermal lasertissue interaction with augmentation of immunoadjuvants in treatment of DMBA-4 metastatic mammary tumors in rats”, SPIE Proceedings, Vol. 4916, 37-42, 2002. 56. Wei R. Chen, Hong Liu, Michael D. Lucroy and Robert E. Nordquist, “Anti-tumor immunity induced by local photothermal-immunoadjuvant therapy in a poorly immunogenic metastatic tumor model”, SPIE Proceedings 4961, 18-23, 2003. 57. Wei R. Chen, Kenneth E. Bartels, Jinghai Sun, Hong Liu, Robert E. Nordquist and Mladen Korbelik, “Dye enhanced selective photothermal laser-tissue interaction and photodynamic therapy in combination with immunoadjuvant for cancer treatment”, SPIE Proceedings, Vol. 5254, 52-60, 2003. 58. Wei R. Chen, Mladen Korbelik, Jinghai Sun, Hong Liu, and Robert E. Nordquist, “Enhancement of glycated chitosan in laser cancer treatment”, SPIE Proceedings, Vol. 5319, 80-86, 2004. 59. Wei R. Chen, Mladen Korbelik, Kenneth E. Bartels, Hong Liu, and Robert E. Nordquist, “Laser Immunotherapy: A Novel Approach for Metastatic Tumors”, SPIE Proceedings, Vol. 5474, 25-32, 2004. 60. Wei R. Chen, Mladen Korbelik, Liu Hong, and Robert E. Nordquist, “Cancer Treatment by photothermal, photochemical and photobiological interactions”, SPIE Proceedings, Vol 5630, 1-7, 2005. 70. Wei R. Chen, Kenneth E. Bartels, Mladen Korbelik, Hong Liu, and Robert E. Nordquist, “Synergistic effects of laser and adjuvant therapies for cancer – Progress in the development of novel cancer treatment methods using combinations of photothermal, photochemical, immunotherapy and chemotherapy”, SPIE Proceedings, Vol 5695, 1-6, 2005. 71. Wei R. Chen, Kirill Andrienko, Kenneth E. Bartels, Steven D. Martin, Hong Liu, and Robert E. Nordquist, “Laser photothermal therapy in treatment of mouse melanoma”, SPIE Proceedings Vol 5695, 236-242, 2005. 72. Wei R. Chen, Kenneth E. Bartels, Hong Liu and Robert E. Nordquist, “Induction and detection of immune responses by photoimmunotherapy”, SPIE Proceedings, Vol. 5771, 1-7, 2005. 73. Mark F. Naylor Robert E. Nordquist, T. Kent Teague, Lisa A. Perry, and Wei R. Chen, “In Situ Photoimmunotherapy for Melanoma: Preliminary Clinical Result”, SPIE Proceedings, Vol. 6087, 608709-1 – 608709-7, 2006. 74. Mark F. Naylor, Robert E. Nordquist, T. Kent Teague, Lisa A. Perry, and Wei R. Chen, “In Situ Photoimmunotherapy for Melanoma: An Ongoing Phase I Clinical Trial”, SPIE Proceedings, Vol. 6438, 643807(1-9), 2007. 75. Wei R. Chen, Abdiwahab Mohamed, Mark, F. Naylor, Kenneth E. Bartels, Jerry W. Ritchey, Hong Liu, and Robert E. Nordquist, “Cellular immunological effects of laser irradiation and immunoadjuvant application”, SPIE Proceedings, Vol. 6438, 64380B(1-11), 2007. 76. Mark F. Naylor, Robert E. Nordquist, T. Kent Teaque, David A. Adelson, Lisa A. Perry, and Wei R. Chen, “In Situ Photoimmunotherapy for Advanced Cutaneous Melanoma”, SPIE Proceedings, Vol. 6857, 685702-(1-5), 2008. 77. Wei R. Chen, Mark F. Naylor, Robert E. Nordquist, T. Kent Teague, and Hong Liu, “Immunological responses induced by the combination of phototherapy and immunotherapy in the treatment of metastatic tumors”, SPIE Proceedings, Vol. 6857, 685707-(1-7), 2008. 78. Yichao Chen, Robert E. Nordquist, Mark F. Naylor, Feng Wu, Hong, Liu, Yasvir A. Tesiram, Andrew Abbott, Rheal A. Towner, and Wei R. Chen, “The correlation study of temperature distribution with the immunology response under laser radiation”, SPIE Proceedings, Vol. 6857, 68570E-(1-7), 2008. 79. Robert E. Nordquist, Mark F. Naylor, Hong Liu, Yichao Chen and Wei R. Chen, “Histological and morphological studies of immune responses induced by laser immunotherapy”, SPIE Proceedings, Vol. 6857, 68570Q-(1-8), 2008. 13 Robert E. Nordquist, Ph.D. 80. Wei R. Chen, Akhee Sarker, Hong Liu, Mark, F. Naylor, and Robert E. Nordquist, “Effects of immunostimulants in phototherapy for cancer treatment”, SPIE Proceedings, Vol. 7178, 71780A-(1-8), 2009. 81. Xiaosong Li, Mark F. Naylor, Robert E. Nordquist, T. Kent Teague, C. Anthony Howard, Cynthia Murray, and Wei R. Chen, “Preliminary results of a phase I/II clinical trial using in situ photoimmunotherapy combined with imiquimod for metastatic melanoma patients”, SPIE Proceedings, Vol. 7565, 756506-(1-8), 2010. 82. Tomas Hode, Maria C. Guerra, Gabriela L. Ferrel, John A. Lunn, Orn Adelsteinsson, Robert E. Nordquist, and Wei R. Chen, “Laser immunotherapy: initial results from a human breast cancer pilot trial”, SPIE Proceedings, Vol. 7565, 756507(1-8), 2010. 83. Vivian, A. Chen, Henry, Le, Xiaosong, Li, Roman F. Wolf, Halie Ferguson, Akhee Sarkar, Hong Liu, Robert E. Nordquist, and Wei R. Chen, “Effect of laser immunotherapy and surgery on the treatment of mouse mammary tumors”, SPIE Proceedings, Vol. 7565, 756508-(1-8), 2010. 84. Xiaosong Li, Feifan Zhou, Robert E. Nordquist, Hong Liu, Tomas Hode, and Wei R. Chen, “Mechanism study of tumor-specific immune responses induced by laser immunotherapy: in situ autologous whole-cells cancer vaccine”, submitted to SPIE Proceedings, Vol. 7900, 2011. 85. Robert E. Nordquist, Sally Bishop, Xiaosong Li, Halie Ferguson, Mel Vaughan, and Wei R. Chen, “Immunohistochemical analysis of immune response in breast cancer and melanoma patients after laser immunotherapy”, submitted to SPIE Proceedings, Vol. 7900, 2011. 86. Tomas Hode, Orn Adelstensson, Gabriela L. Ferrel, John A. Lunn, Maria Guerra, Xiaosong Li, Robert E. Nordquist, and Wei R. Chen, “Laser immunotherapy for the treatment of human breast cancer: 1-year follow-up results”, submitted to SPIE Proceedings, Vol. 7900, 2011. 87. Wei R. Chen, Daniel Figueroa, Tomas Hode, Robert Nordquist, Jonny Walla, Roman Wolf, Hong Liu, and Xiaosong Li, “Interstitial laser immunotherapy in the treatment of DMBA-4 metastatic tumors in rats”, submitted to SPIE Proceedings, Vol. 7900, 2011. 88. Wei R. Chen, Daniel Figueroa, Kelvin Le, Xiaosong Li, Jonny Walla, Roman Wolf, Hong Liu, Robert E. Nordquist, and Tomas Hode, “Thermal effect induced by interstitial irradiation of near-infrared laser with cylindrical diffuser”, submitted to SPIE Proceedings, Vol. 7900, 2011. 14