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Mathematics: Montana Common Core Standards
Vertical Domains and Critical Areas
Montana Common Core Standards: Mathematics Grade Level Overviews K-8
Mathematical Practices (K-12):
1. Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them.
2. Reason abstractly and quantitatively.
3. Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others.
4. Model with mathematics.
5. Use appropriate tools strategically.
6. Attend to precision.
7. Look for and make use of structure.
8. Look for and express regularity in repeated reasoning.
Kindergarten Domains
Kindergarten
Overview
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Counting and Cardinality
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Operations and Algebraic Thinking
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Number and Operations in Base Ten
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Measurement and Data
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Geometry
**More learning time in Kindergarten should be
devoted to number than to other topics**
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1st Grade Domains
1st Grade
Overview
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Operations and Algebraic Thinking
Number and Operations in Base Ten
Measurement and Data
Geometry
1st Grade Critical Areas (“Big Ideas”)
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2nd Grade Domains
nd
2 Grade
Overview
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Operations and Algebraic Thinking
Number and Operations in Base Ten
Measurement and Data
Geometry
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Operations and Algebraic Thinking
Number and Operation in Base Ten
Number and Operation: Fraction
Measurement and Data
Geometry
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4th Grade
Overview
Operations and Algebraic Thinking
Number and Operations in Base Ten
Number and Operations: Fractions
Measurement and Data
Geometry
Extending understanding of base-ten notation.
Building fluency with addition and subtraction.
Using standard units of measure.
Describing and analyzing shapes.
3rd Grade Critical Areas (“Big Ideas”)
4th Grade Domains
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Developing understanding of addition, subtraction, and
strategies for addition and subtraction within 20.
Developing understanding of whole number relationship and
place value, including grouping in tens and ones.
Developing understanding of linear measurement and
measuring lengths as iterating length units.
Reasoning about attributes of, and composing and
decomposing geometric shapes.
2nd Grade Critical Areas (“Big Ideas”)
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3rd Grade Domains
3rd Grade
Overview
Kindergarten Critical Areas (“Big Ideas”)
Representing and comparing whole numbers, initially with
sets of objects.
Describing shapes and space.
Developing understanding of multiplication and division
strategies for multiplication within 100.
Developing understanding of fractions, especially unit
fractions (fractions with numerator of 1).
Developing understanding of the structure of rectangular
arrays and of area.
Describing and analyzing two-dimensional shapes.
4th Grade Critical Areas (“Big Ideas”)
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Developing understanding and fluency with multi-digit
multiplication, and developing understanding of dividing to
find quotients involving multi-digit dividends.
Developing an understanding of fractions equivalence,
addition and subtraction of fractions with like denominators,
multiplication of fractions by whole numbers.
Understanding that geometric figures can be analyzed and
classified based on their properties, such as having parallel
sides, perpendicular sides, particular angle measures, and
symmetry.
**Complete descriptions of the Critical Areas and individual standards are available on the OPI website.**
Mathematics: Montana Common Core Standards
Vertical Domains and Critical Areas
5th Grade Domains
th
5 Grade
Overview
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Operations and Algebraic Thinking
Number and Operations in Base Ten
Number and Operations: Fractions
Measurement and Data
Geometry
6th Grade Domains
6th
Grade
Overview
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Ratios and Proportional Relationships
The Number System
Expressions and Equations
Geometry
Statistics and Probability
7th Grade Domains
th
7 Grade
Overview
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Ratios and Proportional Relationships
The Number System
Expressions and Equations
Geometry
Statistics and Probability
8th Grade Domains
8th Grade
Overview
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The Number System
Expressions and Equations
Functions
Geometry
Statistics and Probability
5th Grade Critical Areas (“Big Ideas”)
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Developing fluency with addition and subtraction
of fractions, developing understanding of the
multiplication of fractions and of division of
fractions in limited case (unit fractions divided by
whole numbers and whole numbers divided by unit
fractions).
 Extending division to 2-digit divisors, integrating
decimal fractions into the place value system and
developing understanding of operations with
decimals to hundredths, and developing fluency
with whole number and decimal operations.
 Developing understanding of volume.
6th Grade Critical Areas (“Big Ideas”)
 Connecting ratio and rate to whole number
multiplication and division using concepts of ration
and rate to solve problems.
 Completing understanding of division of fractions
and extending the notion of number to the system
of rational numbers which includes negative
numbers.
 Writing, interpreting, and using expressions and
equations.
 Developing understanding of statistical thinking.
7th Grade Critical Areas (“Big Ideas”)
 Developing understanding of and applying
proportional relationships.
 Developing understanding of operations with
rational numbers and working with expression and
linear equations.
 Solving problems involving scale drawings and
informal geometric constructions, and working
with two-and three-dimensional shapes to solve
problems involving area, surface area, and volume.
 Drawing inferences about populations based on
samples.
8th Grade Critical Areas (“Big Ideas”)
 Formulating and reasoning about expressions and
equations, including modeling an association in
bivariate data with a linear equation, and solving
linear equation, and solving linear equations and
systems of linear equations.
 Grasping the concept of a function and using
functions to describe quantitative relationships.
 Analyzing two-and-three dimensional space and
figures using distance, angle, similarity, and
congruence, and understanding and applying
Pythagorean Theorem.
**Complete descriptions of the Critical Areas and individual standards are available on the OPI website.**