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Chapter
10
The Muscular
System: Axial
Musculature
PowerPoint® Lecture Slides
prepared by Agnes Yard and
Michael Yard
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc.,
publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
Which of the following muscles facilitate(s) or
contribute(s) to the action of rolling the eye straight
up?
a. inferior rectus
b. superior oblique
c. inferior oblique
d. a and b
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which muscle inserts into the thyroid cartilage, is
innervated by cervical spinal nerves C1–C3, and
depresses the larynx?
a. palatopharyngeus
b. sternothyroid
c. thyrohyoid
d. stylopharyngeus
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which muscle of the vertebral column inserts into the
base of the occipital bone and is a spinal flexor?
a. quadratus lumborum
b. longissimus capitis
c. longus capitis
d. longus colli
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which of the following muscles are included in the
oblique group?
a. scalene muscles of the cervical region
b. transversus muscles of the thoracic region
c. internal intercostal muscles
d. all of the above
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which of the following muscles is not classified as a
laryngeal elevator?
a. salpingopharyngeus
b. levator veli palatini
c. stylopharyngeus
d. none of the above
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which of the following muscles of the vertebral column
originate on the ligamentum nuchae and the spines of
the upper four thoracic vertebrae and perform
extension or lateral flexion of the neck?
a. splenius cervicis
b. spinalis cervicis
c. splenius capitis
d. spinalis thoracis
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which of the following extra-ocular muscles is
innervated by the abducens nerve?
a. superior rectus
b. lateral rectus
c. medial rectus
d. b and c
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which of the following is not a muscle of the anal
triangle?
a. coccygeus
b. levator ani
c. external anal sphincter
d. none of the above
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which of the following oblique muscles inserts on the
linea alba and pubis?
a. transversus abdominis
b. internal obliques
c. external obliques
d. transversus thoracis
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which of the following best describes the longisssimus
thoracis muscle?
a. It originates on the broad aponeurosis and at transverse
processes of inferior cervical and superior thoracic
vertebrae; it extends the vertebral column and is innervated
by thoracic spinal nerves.
b. Its origin joins the iliocostalis; it is innervated by thoracic
and lumbar spinal nerves, and alone, each muscle produces
lateral flexion on the same side.
c. It inserts into the spinous processes of C5–T4, extends the
vertebral column, and is innervated by thoracic and lumbar
spinal nerves.
d. It inserts into the transverse processes of superior thoracic
and lumbar vertebrae and the inferior surfaces of the lower
ten ribs and it extends the vertebral column.
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which of the following does not elevate the ribs?
a. transversus thoracis
b. external intercostals
c. anterior scalenes
d. none of the above
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which of the following statements regarding the
styloglossus muscle is false?
a. Its origin is the styloid process of the
temporal bone.
b. It inserts on the body of the tongue and
hyoid bone.
c. It acts to retract the tongue and elevate the
sides.
d. It is innervated by CN XII.
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which of the following muscles of the vertebral column
does not facilitate flexion?
a. longissimus thoracis
b. spinalis thoracis
c. longissimus capitis
d. splenius capitis
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which facial muscle(s) is/are responsible for producing
the suction required for suckling at the breast?
a. orbicularis oris
b. risorius
c. buccinator
d. a and c
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which of the following is an important flexor of the
vertebral column?
a. transversus abdominis
b. inferior serratus posterior
c. rectus abdominis
d. scalenes
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which muscle inserts into the median raphe of the
urogenital diaphragm and is innervated by the perineal
branch (S2–S4) of the pudendal nerve?
a. deep transverse perineal
b. external anal sphincter
c. superficial transverse perineal
d. ischiocavernosus
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which of the following best describes the iliococcygeus
muscle?
a. Its origin is in the ischial spine, and it
elevates and supports the pelvic floor.
b. Its origin is in the ischial spine, and it
elevates and retracts the anus.
c. Its origin is via a tendon from the coccyx,
and it is innervated by the pudendal nerve.
d. Its origin is the ischial spines, and it is
innervated by the inferior sacral nerve.
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which of the following oblique and rectus muscles is
innervated by the iliohypogastric nerve?
a. transversus abdominis
b. superior serratus posterior
c. transversus thoracis
d. rectus abdominis
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which of the following does not accurately describe the
muscles of the pharynx?
a. The unpaired pharyngeal muscles are
important in the initiation of swallowing.
b. The muscles grouped together as laryngeal
elevators include the salpingopharyngeus,
palatopharyngeus, and stylopharyngeus.
c. The palatal muscles elevate the soft palate
and adjacent portions of the pharyngeal wall.
d. Pharyngeal muscles are innervated by the
ninth and tenth cranial nerves.
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which of the following is innervated by inferior sacral
nerves (S4–S5)?
a. iliococcygeus
b. external anal sphincter
c. coccygeus
d. pubococcygeus
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which of the following muscles of the vertebral column
inserts into transverse processes of superior cervical
vertebrae and flexes and/or rotates the neck, as well as
limits hyperextension?
a. longus colli
b. longissimus colli
c. longus capitis
d. longissimus capitis
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which muscle facilitates the movement called lateral
excursion?
a. masseter
b. medial pterygoid
c. temporalis
d. b and c
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which perineal muscle originates on the central tendon of the
perineum and median raphe and inserts into the perineal
membrane and corpus cavernosum?
a. male ischiocavernosus
b. male bulbospongiosus
c. female ischiocavernosus
d. female bulbospongiosus
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which of the following pharyngeal constrictor muscles
insert(s) on the median raphe and is/are innervated by
the vagus nerve?
a. superior constrictor muscles
b. middle constrictor muscles
c. inferior constrictor muscles
d. all of the above
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which facial muscle partially originates on the greater
wing of the sphenoid and inserts into the anterior part
of the mandibular condyle at the neck?
a. medial pterygoid
b. lateral pterygoid
c. masseter
d. temporalis
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings