Download Cancer in Wales - Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit

Iechyd Cyhoeddus
Cymru
Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit,
Health Intelligence Division, Public Health Wales
Public Health
Wales
Am y fersiwn Gymraeg ewch i www.wcisu.wales.nhs.uk
Cancer in Wales
A summary report of population cancer incidence,
mortality and survival – includes new 2012 data released
as Official Statistics on 9 April 2014
www.wcisu.wales.nhs.uk
How many people get cancer?
People living longer increases the number of new cancer cases
The trend in the number of new cancer cases each year is
still going up (Figure 1).
There were just over 18,000 new cases of cancer diagnosed
in the residents of Wales in 2012. That’s around ten per cent
more in 2012 - or almost 1,700 extra cases - compared to
ten years before in 2003.
Figure 1 Annual number of new cancer cases in Wales.
All persons, all ages. 2003-2012
20000
Number of new cancer cases in Wales
18000
16000
14000
12000
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
Year of diagnosis
Source: Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit’s Cancer Registry
www.wcisu.wales.nhs.uk
2011
2012
Summary
Our report highlights how the ageing population of Wales,
along with socioeconomic inequalities and deprivation, are
increasing the large burden of ill-health and mortality from
cancer in society.
The types of cancers that are common (such as bowel, lung,
breast and melanoma) suggest that prevalent health-risk
behaviours in Wales are also contributing to the population
cancer burden. The main risk behaviours are smoking, alcohol
drinking, physical inactivity, obesity and a poor diet, along
with more sun and UV exposure with sunburns. They are all
influenced by many factors in society, rather than just in the
individual.
Although air pollution is now known to be a risk for lung
cancer, smoking remains the major problem. The large
increase in cancer incidence in women appears to be mainly
due to lung cancer.
Despite recent improvements, such as for age-adjusted lung
cancer incidence in men and age-adjusted breast cancer
incidence in women, trends in these and other cancers may
yet change depending on current and future risk factors.
Population cancer surveillance will need to continue to inform
public health and health service responses.
Cancer survival is improving overall, but from a low level
and with lower survival in deprived areas. Survival from lung
cancer remains low and, in common with most UK countries,
survival for most smoking-related cancers is far from the best
in Europe. Better understanding of the causes of low survival
in Wales will remain challenges alongside cancer prevention.
Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit Official Statistics 2012 data. Published 10 April 2014 1
Cancer in Wales Published 10 April 2014
Two-thirds of all new cancer cases
in 2012 were in people aged 65
and over
Cancer still more common in men,
but rate is going up in women,
down in men
We examined the overall 2003-2012 trend more closely by
looking at the trends in cancer numbers for different age
groups (Figure 2). The number of cases in 2012 were higher
than 2003 for all age groups from 60 years and older, except
for the 80-84 years group, which was only marginally lower.
The largest rise of 34 per cent was in the 65 to 69 age group.
By 2012, two-thirds of all cancer cases were diagnosed in
people aged 65 and over.
In Wales, the rate of cancer in men is about 18 per cent
more than in women – that’s around 70 extra cases for every
100,000 men compared to the rate in women. Although
cancer is more common in men, the incidence is coming
down slowly (Figure 4 and Table 1), but increasing in women.
3000
Annual number of cases
2500
40-44
45-49
50-54
55-59
60-64
65-69
70-74
75-79
80-84
85+
2000
1500
1000
500
450
400
EASR per 100,000 population
Figure 2 Trends in annual numbers of cancers by age group.
Wales, all persons. 2003-2012
Figure 4 Cancer incidence rates in Wales by sex, 2003-2012
350
300
Males
Females
Persons
250
200
150
100
50
0
500
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Year of diagnosis
0
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Source: Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit’s Cancer Registry
www.wcisu.wales.nhs.uk
2012
Year of diagnosis
Source: Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit’s Cancer Registry
www.wcisu.wales.nhs.uk
But, during the same period, there was little change in most
age-specific cancer rates per 100,000 with no clear trends
(Figure 3). This suggests that the increase in number of cases
we observed is partly explained by people living longer and
the ageing of the population.
However, it is not yet clear why the numbers and rates in the
85 and over group, and the 80 to 84 years group, dropped
sharply in 2012 from their peaks in 2011.
Figure 3 Age-specific cancer incidence rates in Wales.
All persons, 2003-2012
Age specific incidence rate per 100,000 population
3500
The reasons for the differences include the historic patterns
of male smoking and alcohol use being different to those in
women. Naturally there are also many sex-specific cancers
such as prostate, breast, and cervix, for example. We highlight
the different trends in the most common cancer types in men
and women later.
Table 1 Difference in cancer incidence between men and
women in Wales. All ages. 2012
Men
9417
443.0
433.8
452.4
Women
8612
374.2
365.7
382.8
2500
40-44
45-49
50-54
55-59
60-64
65-69
70-74
75-79
80-84
85+
2000
1500
1000
500
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Upper
Confidence
Limit
Incidence
rate per
100,000
EASR
Source: Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit’s Cancer Registry
www.wcisu.wales.nhs.uk
3000
0
Lower
Confidence
Limit
Total Cases
2012
Year of diagnosis
Source: Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit’s Cancer Registry
www.wcisu.wales.nhs.uk
2 Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit Official Statistics 2012 data. Published 10 April 2014
Definitions
Age-standardised rates and EASR
Age-standardisation adjusts rates to take into account how many
old or young people are in the population being looked at.
When rates are age-standardised, you know that differences in
the rates over time or between geographical areas do not simply
reflect variations or changes in the age structure of the populations.
This is important when looking at cancer rates because cancer
mainly affects older people. Throughout this report we use
European Age Standardised Rates (EASR) unless otherwise
specified.
Statistical significance
If a difference between rates or survival between populations is
statistically significant, it means that that difference is unlikely to
have occurred due to chance alone, and that we can be more
confident that we are observing a ‘true’ difference. In this report
we use the conventional arbitrary cut-off of less than a 5%
chance to mean statistically significant. Just because a difference
is statistically significant doesn’t necessarily mean that it is large or
important - that can depend on our judgment and other things.
Relative survival
This is a way of comparing the survival of people who have a
specific disease – in our case, cancer -with the survival experienced
by the general population, over a certain period of time. It is
calculated by dividing the percentage of patients with the disease
who are still alive at the end of the period of time (e.g. one or five
years after diagnosis) by the percentage of people in the general
population of the same sex and age who are alive at the end of
the same time period. The relative survival rate shows whether the
disease shortens life. We use relative survival in this report.
All cancers
When we use the phrase ‘all cancers’ or ‘all malignancies’ in
this report, by convention, we always mean all cancers excluding
non-melanoma skin cancer.
Lowest health board cancer incidence
is 8% below the incidence for Wales
Cancer gets more common the more
deprived an area gets
Many diseases or health conditions show a health gradient,
becoming increasingly more common as socioeconomic
deprivation increases. Overall, cancer is no exception.
The incidence rate of cancer is 20 per cent higher in the most
deprived areas of Wales, compared to the least deprived –
that’s around 80 extra cancer cases for every 100,000 people
living in the most deprived areas (Figure 5). But not all
cancers follow this pattern, notably breast cancer, which is
more common amongst more affluent women.
Cancer incidence for six of the seven local health boards is
similar to that for Wales (Figure 6) – the differences are within
a range we might expect from chance alone. But the incidence
for the Powys population is nearly eight per cent lower than
the Wales incidence, and is lower than would be expected
from chance alone.
Figure 6 Cancer incidence rate (EASR) per 100,000 people
by local health board of residence. Wales, persons, all ages.
2010-2012
Figure 5 Cancer incidence rate (EASR) for areas with
increasing deprivation (fifths) in Wales. All persons, all ages.
2008-2012
500
384.7 – 393.3
393.3 – 401.9
450
401.9 – 410.4
EASR per 100,000 population
400
410.4 – 419.0
419.0 – 427.6
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
1 (Least deprived)
2
3
4
5 (Most deprived)
Deprivation fifth
Source: Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit’s Cancer Registry
www.wcisu.wales.nhs.uk
Source: Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit’s Cancer Registry
www.wcisu.wales.nhs.uk
©Crown Copyright and database right 2014. Ordnance Survey 100044810
Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit Official Statistics 2012 data. Published 10 April 2014 3
Cancer in Wales Published 10 April 2014
Highest local authority cancer incidence Which are the most common cancers?
is 17% more than lowest
Over 18,000 cases of cancer in residents of Wales were
Ceredigion’s cancer incidence is the lowest of the 22 local
authority areas (Figure 7). It’s about eight per cent below the
Wales incidence. Torfaen’s rate is nearly eight per cent higher
than Wales’. It is the highest in Wales. That means that, on
average, there’s a difference of 67 new cases of cancer per
100,000 people each year between Ceredigion and Torfaen.
The differences between local authority areas are in part due
to variation in deprivation.
diagnosed during 2012. The relative number of the different
types are shown in Figure 8.
Figure 8 Number and proportion of the five most common
types of cancer diagnosed in Wales. All persons, all ages.
2012
Bowel, 2444, 14%
Figure 7 Annual cancer incidence by local authority
populations. Wales, persons, all ages. 2008-2012
Other, 7741, 43%
Prostate, 2419, 13%
500
EASR per 100,000 population
450
400
350
Lung, 2370, 13%
300
250
200
150
Melanoma, 693, 4%
Female Breast, 2362, 13%
100
Source: Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit’s Cancer Registry
www.wcisu.wales.nhs.uk
Local authority of residence
Wales
Not statistically significant
Statistically significant
Source: Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit’s Cancer Registry
www.wcisu.wales.nhs.uk
Torfaen
Flintshire
Denbighshire
Blaenau Gwent
Caerphilly
Merthyr Tydfil
Rhondda Cynon Taff
Newport
Wrexham
Cardiff
Vale of Glamorgan
Conwy
WALES
Pembrokeshire
Neath Port Talbot
Bridgend
Gwynedd
Swansea
Carmarthenshire
Isle of Anglesey
Powys
Monmouthshire
0
Ceredigion
50
Bowel cancer is the most common
cancer in Wales for first time
There were 474 more cases of bowel cancer in 2012 than
in 2003, making bowel cancer the most common cancer in
Wales in 2012. This is the first time this has happened since
our records began. The ageing of the population during this
time played a part (Figure 9). Increased awareness and the
introduction of bowel screening may also be responsible, but
we’re not yet clear about this.
Figure 9 Bowel cancer incidence (EASR) in Wales by sex,
all ages. 2003-2012
70
EASR per 100,000 population
60
50
40
Males
Females
Persons
30
20
10
0
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Year of diagnosis
Source: Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit’s Cancer Registry
www.wcisu.wales.nhs.uk
4 Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit Official Statistics 2012 data. Published 10 April 2014
2012
Number of lung cancer cases increases
by more than a third over 10 years in
women, but hardly changes in men
There have been major changes in lung cancer numbers in
men and women. The number of cases in men remained
similar between 2003 and 2012, but the number in women
increased by over a third. The number of cases in women is
now approaching that in men.
This means that cancer incidence per 100,000 men has
dropped in that time, once age is considered, but the
incidence rate has increased in women (Figure 10).
The combined rate for men and women has stopped
coming down, and is now flat-lining.
Different historic smoking patterns in men and women
account for most of these changes, but we also now know that
some forms of air pollution are increasingly recognised as risk
factors for lung cancer.
Figure 10 Lung cancer incidence (EASR) in Wales by sex,
all ages. 2003-2012
The five most common cancers in men during 2012 were
●
prostate (2,419 cases)
●
bowel (1,405)
●
lung (1,249)
●
head and neck (427)
●
bladder (391)
70
60
EASR per 100,000 population
Prostate cancer incidence rate changes
little, but actual numbers go up
50
40
Males
Females
Persons
30
20
10
The number of cases of prostate cancer diagnosed in
2012 was 376 more than in 2003. The ageing population
probably explains most of this modest rise because the rate
standardised for age has remained almost constant over the
ten year period.
0
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Year of diagnosis
Source: Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit’s Cancer Registry
www.wcisu.wales.nhs.uk
During 2014-2015 we will be analysing information on lung
cancer in more detail.
Breast cancer incidence steadily
coming down since 2010
The five most common cancers in women in 2012 were
●
breast (2,362 cases)
●
lung (1,121)
●
bowel (1,039)
●
ovary (452)
●
uterus (449)
In 2012 the number of cases of breast cancer was marginally
lower than in 2003. Once the effect of population age is
considered, the rate was over eight per cent lower in 2012
than ten years previously, after peaking in 2010.
Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit Official Statistics 2012 data. Published 10 April 2014 5
Cancer in Wales Published 10 April 2014
How many die from cancer?
The overall cancer mortality rate
has decreased in ten years...
… but, the number of cancer deaths
increased by almost one third in
people aged 85 and over
The general trend in cancer mortality rate is coming down,
once changes in population age structure are taken into
account. By 2012, mortality was around 174 per 100,000
people - that’s 11 per cent less than ten years before
(Figure 11).
Figure 11 Cancer mortality (EASR) rate in Wales. All persons,
all ages. 2003-2012
200
Even though the age-adjusted mortality rate is going down,
the trend in the annual number of deaths from cancer is still
increasing due to population changes. There were 8,654
deaths in 2012 compared to 8,370 in 2003. But this general
three per cent increase is small in comparison to the 31 per
cent increase in deaths in the 85 years and older age group,
where most cancer deaths occur (Figure 12).
Figure 12 Annual number of cancer deaths by age group.
Wales, all persons. 2003-2012
180
1800
140
120
1600
100
1400
80
60
40
20
0
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
Registered year of death
Source: Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit’s Cancer Registry
www.wcisu.wales.nhs.uk
2011
2012
Annual number of cancer deaths
EASR per 100,000 population
160
1200
50-54
55-59
60-64
65-69
70-74
75-79
80-84
85+
1000
800
600
400
200
0
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Registered year of death
Source: Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit’s Cancer Registry
www.wcisu.wales.nhs.uk
6 Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit Official Statistics 2012 data. Published 10 April 2014
2012
Cancer mortality rate is one third
higher in men than women
We know that cancer is more common in men, but men
have a higher death rate from cancer too. Cancer incidence is
around 16% higher in men than women, but mortality is over
a third higher. This is consistent with lower cancer survival in
men (Figure 13).
Figure 13 Cancer mortality (EASR) in men and women.
Wales, all ages. 2010-2012
EASR per 100,000 population
250.0
200.0
150.0
100.0
50.0
0.0
Women
Sex
Men
Source: Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit’s Cancer Registry
www.wcisu.wales.nhs.uk
Cancer mortality rate is over 50%
higher in most deprived areas of Wales
compared to the least deprived
Cancer mortality is higher in more deprived areas. Whereas
cancer incidence is 20 per cent higher in the most deprived
areas compared to the least deprived, mortality is 50 per cent
higher, which reflects the gradient in survival (Figure 14).
Figure 14 The gradient of cancer mortality rate (EASR) for
areas with increasing deprivation (fifths). Wales, persons,
all ages. 2007-2011
250
EASR per 100,000 population
200
150
100
50
0
1 (Least deprived)
2
3
4
5 (Most deprived)
Deprivation fifth
Source: Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit’s Cancer Registry
www.wcisu.wales.nhs.uk
Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit Official Statistics 2012 data. Published 10 April 2014 7
Cancer in Wales Published 10 April 2014
Highest health board cancer mortality
is 6% more than for Wales
The cancer mortality rate between the populations of the
seven health boards varies (Figure 15). The mortality rates
of the populations of the Hywel Dda and Powys areas are
lower than the Wales mortality, and Cwm Taf and Aneurin
Bevan populations are higher. These differences are greater
than might be expected from chance alone. The Cwm Taf
population has a cancer mortality rate six per cent higher
than the Wales mortality.
Figure 15 Cancer mortality rate (EASR) by local health board
populations. Persons, all ages, 2008-2012
Difference between local authority area
with highest and lowest mortality is
over 47 deaths per 100,000 people
There is wider variation between the cancer mortality rates
of local authority populations (Figure 16). The lowest is in
Ceredigion which is 13 per cent below the Wales mortality,
and Blaenau Gwent has the highest mortality by the same
percentage. The variation between local authority areas is
partly explained by deprivation, and broadly follows the same
pattern as cancer incidence.
Figure 16 Cancer mortality rate (EASR) by local authority
populations. Persons, all ages, 2008-2012
240
200
200
Wales
Not statistically significant
Statistically significant
Source: Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit’s Cancer Registry
www.wcisu.wales.nhs.uk
Not statistically significant
Statistically significant
Source: Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit’s Cancer Registry
www.wcisu.wales.nhs.uk
8 Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit Official Statistics 2012 data. Published 10 April 2014
Blaenau Gwent
Torfaen
Merthyr Tydfil
Neath Port Talbot
Newport
Rhondda Cynon Taff
Local authority of residence
Wales
Flintshire
Caerphilly
Denbighshire
Cardiff
Isle of Anglesey
WALES
Gwynedd
0
Bridgend
40
Conwy
Cwm Taf University
Aneurin Bevan University
Health board of residence
Betsi Cadwaladr University
Wales
Abertawe Bro
Morgannwg University
Cardiff & Vale University
Hywel Dda University
Powys Teaching
0
Wrexham
20
80
Swansea
40
Pembrokeshire
60
120
Carmarthenshire
80
Powys
100
160
Vale of Glamorgan
120
Ceredigion
140
Monmouthshire
160
EASR per 100,000 population
EASR per 100,000 population
180
Deaths from lung cancer more than
bowel and breast cancers combined
Lung cancer accounted for almost 22 per cent of all cancer
deaths in 2012 (Figure 17). At 1,894 deaths, it accounts for
most cancer deaths, ahead of other common cancers such as
bowel, breast and prostate, and more than bowel and breast
combined. These cancers also have the highest mortality rates
(Figure 18).
Figure 17 Number of deaths from different types of cancer, 2012
Bowel
912
Lung
Breast
1894
594
All cancer deaths
8654
Prostate
Pancreas
556
440
Other cancers
4258
Figure 18 Mortality rate (EASR) for different cancer types.
Wales, persons, all ages 2010-2012
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
Testis
Hodgkins
Thyroid & Endocrine
Cervix
Larynx
Uterus
Melanoma
Liver
Head & Neck
Leukaemia
Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma
Bladder
Brain & CNS
Stomach
Urinary Tract exc Bladder
Oesophagus
Ovary
Pancreas
Prostate
Colorectal
0
Lung
5
Female Breast
Source: Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit’s Cancer Registry
www.wcisu.wales.nhs.uk
EASR per 100,000 population
45
Cancer type
Source: Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit’s Cancer Registry
www.wcisu.wales.nhs.uk
Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit Official Statistics 2012 data. Published 10 April 2014 9
Cancer in Wales Published 10 April 2014
What are the chances of survival?
Survival from cancer is steadily
improving, but remains low compared
to the best in Europe
On average, almost 70 per cent of Welsh residents diagnosed
with cancer can expect to survive at least one year. It’s
improving, but progress is slow. The latest available figures for
2007-11 are only four per cent higher than the figures for the
period 2003-2007 (Table 2).
Table 2 One year relative survival from cancer in Wales.
Persons, all ages.
Period of diagnosis
One year relative survival %
2007-2011
69.9
2006-2010
69.2
2005-2009
68.6
2004-2008
67.9
2003-2007
67.2
Source: Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit’s Cancer Registry
www.wcisu.wales.nhs.uk
It takes longer before we can report on five year survival
because we have to wait to see what happens to people
diagnosed with cancer. But we know that for the latest
available period, five year survival increased by nearly eight per
cent compared to the period 1999-2003 (Table 3).
Table 3 Five year relative survival from cancer in Wales.
Persons, all ages.
Women have higher cancer survival
rates than men
Even though cancer is much more common in men, one year
survival is four per cent higher in women than men. Five year
survival has a wider gap, being ten per cent higher in women
than men (Table 4).
Table 4 Relative cancer survival in men and women in Wales.
Persons, all ages.
Five year survival
(2003-2007)
One year survival
(2007-2011)
Men
50.0%
68.5%
Women
55.0%
71.5%
Source: Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit’s Cancer Registry
www.wcisu.wales.nhs.uk
Cancer survival is lower in more
deprived areas
In more deprived areas the chance of survival gets worse for
both one year and five year relative survival.
In Wales, one year survival in the most deprived areas is
17 per cent less than in least deprived areas - there is a
steep gradient.
For five year survival the difference is wider – the chance
of survival is 28 per cent less in the most deprived areas
compared to the least deprived (Figure 19).
Period of diagnosis
Five year relative survival %
2003-2007
52.5
2002-2006
51.5
2001-2005
50.5
100
2000-2004
49.6
90
1999-2003
48.7
80
Increasing survival can be due to a combination of changing
pattern of cancer types in the population; better treatments
available and accessed by all who need them; earlier diagnosis
and screening; age at diagnosis; as well as an improvement
of health generally across the population, so that if people are
diagnosed with cancer, they will have fewer other illnesses that
may affect their treatment. It is not yet clear to what extent
these different factors have combined to influence survival.
The improving survival in Wales needs to be considered in
the context of better survival in many European countries,
especially for smoking-related cancers (Eurocare 5 study).
Relative Survival (%)
Source: Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit’s Cancer Registry
www.wcisu.wales.nhs.uk
Figure 19 Five year cancer survival gradient for areas with
increasing deprivation (fifths). Wales, persons, all ages.
2003-2007
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
1 (Least deprived)
2
3
4
Deprivation fifth
Source: Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit’s Cancer Registry
www.wcisu.wales.nhs.uk
10 Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit Official Statistics 2012 data. Published 10 April 2014
5 (Most deprived)
Variation in cancer survival between
health board populations is small
On average, almost 70 per cent of Welsh residents diagnosed
with cancer can expect to survive at least one year. The
variation in one year survival between health board for 20072011 is small, but the Betsi Cadwaldr and the Powys health
board populations both have one year survival around two
percentage points above that for Wales, and Cwm Taf by about
the same below it. These differences are more than can be
expected by chance alone (Figure 20). Other factors, such as
deprivation or the prevalence of other illnesses, that can affect
survival may explain part of these differences.
Figure 20 One year relative cancer survival by health board.
Wales, 2007-2011
Figure 21 Five year relative cancer survival by health board.
Wales, 2003-2007
67.6 – 68.5
48.3 – 49.9
68.5 – 69.4
49.9 – 51.5
69.4 – 70.3
51.5 – 53.2
70.3 – 71.2
53.2 – 54.8
71.2 – 72.1
54.8 – 56.4
Source: Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit’s Cancer Registry
www.wcisu.wales.nhs.uk
©Crown Copyright and database right 2014. Ordnance Survey 100044810
Source: Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit’s Cancer Registry
www.wcisu.wales.nhs.uk
©Crown Copyright and database right 2014. Ordnance Survey 100044810
On average, almost 53 per cent of Welsh residents diagnosed
with cancer can expect to survive at least five years. The
variation in five year survival for 2003-2007 is again small,
although the difference between the Wales figure and three of
the health boards are more than can be expected by chance –
Cwm Taf is over four percentage points below, with Powys and
Cardiff and Vale above the Wales survival by about four and
2.5 percentage points, respectively (Figure 21).
Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit Official Statistics 2012 data. Published 10 April 2014 11
Cancer in Wales Published 10 April 2014
Cancers of the liver, lung and pancreas
have the lowest survival
According to 2007-2011 survival data, the three cancers
with the lowest one year survival in Wales are liver and lung with survival rates of well under 30 per cent - and, lowest of
all, cancer of the pancreas with only an 18 per cent survival
(Figure 22). Cancers of the testis (testicles), breast, melanoma
and prostate have the highest one year survival, at over
95 per cent. But, bowel cancer one year survival is around
75 per cent.
Figure 22 One year relative survival from different types of
cancer in Wales. 2007-2011
Figure 23 Five year relative survival from different types of
cancer in Wales. 2003-2007
Relative Survival (%)
10
20
30
40
50
60
Relative Survival (%)
70
80
90
100
Testis
Breast (Female only)
Melanoma
Prostate
Uterus
Thyroid & Endocrine
Hodgkins
Cervix
Larynx
Rectum
Head & Neck
Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma
Colorectal
Bladder
Colon
Urinary Tract exc Bladder
Ovary
Leukaemia
Oesophagus
Stomach
Brain & CNS
Liver
Lung
Pancreas
0
Cancer type
Cancer type
0
Source: Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit’s Cancer Registry
www.wcisu.wales.nhs.uk
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Testis
Breast (Female only)
Melanoma
Prostate
Uterus
Thyroid & Endocrine
Hodgkins
Cervix
Larynx
Rectum
Head & Neck
Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma
Colorectal
Bladder
Colon
Urinary Tract exc Bladder
Ovary
Leukaemia
Oesophagus
Stomach
Brain & CNS
Liver
Lung
Pancreas
Source: Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit’s Cancer Registry
www.wcisu.wales.nhs.uk
Liver, lung and pancreas also have the lowest five year survival
for the latest available figures 2003-2007. Survival is less than
four per cent for pancreas, and below seven per cent for lung
cancer and liver cancer (Figure 23).
Cancers with the highest five year survival are testis (96%),
prostate (86%), breast (85%) and melanoma (84%).
We will look at survival from lung cancer in much more detail
in our reports during 2014-15.
ISBN 978-0-9928835-1-5
© 2014 Public Health Wales NHS Trust
All tables, charts and maps were produced by the Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit. Data sources are shown under each graphic. Material contained in this document
may be reproduced without prior permission provided it is done so accurately and is not used in a misleading context. Acknowledgement to Public Health Wales NHS Trust to be stated.
Copyright in the typographical arrangement, design and layout belongs to Public Health Wales NHS Trust.
Images reproduced with permission
12 Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit Official Statistics 2012 data. Published 10 April 2014