Download Section 1: Planetary Motion Rotation – the spinning of a body on its

Section 1: Planetary Motion
Rotation – the spinning of a body on its axis
Orbit – the path that a body follows as it travels around another body in space
Revolution – one complete trip along an orbit
Kepler’s First Law of Motion – planets move in an ellipse around the sun
Kepler’s Second Law of Motion – planets move faster when they are closer to the sun, and slower
when they are farther away
Kepler’s Third Law of Motion – planets that are farther away from the sun take longer to orbit it
Law of Universal Gravitation – the larger the two objects are and the closer they are together the
greater the force of gravity is between them
Section 2: Days and Seasons on Earth
Day – the time required for Earth to rotate once on its axis
Earth’s Tilt – is what causes the number of daylight hours to change depending on the time of the year
Equinox – the time when the sun is directly above the equator
Solstice – is the time when the sun is farthest north or south of the equator
Section 3: Lunar Cycles
Phases – the different appearances of the moon due to its changing positions
Waxing – the part of the moon reflecting sunlight appears to get larger
Waning – the part of the moon reflecting sunlight appears to get smaller
Eclipse – an event in which the shadow of one celestial body falls on another
Lunar Eclipse
Sun
Earth
Moon
Moon
Earth
Solar Eclipse
Sun
Section 4: Tides, the Sun, and the Moon
Tides – are daily changes in the level of ocean water
The gravity of the moon pulls on every particle of the Earth.
When part of the ocean is directly facing the moon, the water there bulges toward the moon.
Tidal Range – is the difference between levels of ocean water at high and low tide
Spring Tides – are tides with the largest daily tidal range: occur during new and full moons
Neap Tides – are tides with the smallest daily tidal range: occur during first and third quarters of the
moon