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“Adjusting to Peacetime” Vocabulary Terms Warren Harding- (pg. 737) Calvin Coolidge- (pg. 737) Disarmament- (pg. 738) Communism- (pg. 738) Anarchist- (pg. 739) Return To Normalcy By 1920, the mishandling of the peace treaty at Versailles and a failing economy made Woodrow Wilson and the Democrats very unpopular. The end of WWI. was followed by a recession Strikes led to major disputes after the war. Some Americans feared that Communists would overthrow the government as they did in Russia. The Harding Administration Warren Harding won the Election of 1920. He promised a return to “normalcy” Harding was a firm supporter of business. Many of Harding’s appointees were involved in major scandals. Teapot Dome The biggest scandal was the Teapot Dome. The secretary of the Department of the Interior, Albert Fall, secretly leased the land and all of its oil reserves to an oil man. In return, Fall received a bride of $400,000 Harding’s Death In 1923, Harding suffered a heart attack and died, leaving Calvin Coolidge to deal with the fallout of the scandals. Foreign Policy Most Americans did not want our nation involved in world affairs. This was known as isolationism. The U.S. encourages disarmament, which meant to reduce and limit military forces. The Naval Arms Conference resulted in a treaty limiting the Navies of the United States, Britain, France, Italy, and Japan. Coolidge/Government President Coolidge believed that the government had the right to intervene in foreign matters that affected American business. In 1926, a revolution broke out in Nicaragua. Coolidge sent in troops to protect the American businesses that were there. In the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917, Communist had taken over power in Russia. They created the Soviet Union, the world’s first Communist state. Bolshevik Revolution The Red Scare The postwar strikes that affected the United States made Americans fear a revolution. The fears reached a fever pitch when a series of bombings occurred by anarchists. During the Red Scare, thousands of anarchists and Communists were arrested. Sacco and Vanzetti In May of 1920, two Italian immigrants, Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti were arrested and charged with robbing and murder. This was ironic because there was little evidence against them. The prosecution focused on the fact that both were foreigners and anarchists. Limiting Immigration Fears about radicals led to limits on immigration in the United States. Many Americans feared that the mainstream culture was being overwhelmed. American workers were concerned that newcomers would take their jobs.