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Atticus was half way through his speech to the jury. Speaking easily, with the kind of detachment he used when he dictated a letter he walked slowly up and down in front of the jury, and the jury seemed to be attentive. He unhitched his watch and chain and placed them on the table. Then he unbuttoned his vest, his collar, loosened his tie, and took off his coat. He never loosened a scrap of his clothing until he undressed at bedtime. He said that that case should never have come to trial. It required no minute sifting of complicated facts. The state had not produced any medical evidence to the effect that the crime Tom Robinson is charged with ever took place. But they relied on the testimony of two witnesses whose evidence had been called into serious question. He accused the chief witness of getting rid of her own guilt, breaking a rigid and time-honored code of the society. And he claimed that she just wanted to destroy the evidence of her offense, a Negro, she tempted. Her father saw it, and the defendant had testified as to his remarks. There was also circumstantial evidence to indicate that Mayella Ewell had been beaten savagely by someone who led almost exclusively with his left. Mr Ewell swore out a warrant, signing it with his left hand, and Tom Robinson possessed only his right hand. The witnesses for the state had presented themselves to the court, in the cynical confidence that jury would go along with them on the assumption that all Negroes lie, that all Negroes are basically immoral beings, that all Negro men are not to be trusted around women. In Atticus’ opinion there was not a person in the court room who had never told a lie, who had never done an immoral thing, and there was no man living who had never looked upon a woman without desire. Atticus was one of those men whose faces never perspired, but then it was shining tan. He referred to the words of Thomas Jefferson that all men are created equal and disputed them. He was sure that some people have more opportunity because they’re born with it. But in the courts, the great levellers with their faults, all men are created equal. He didn’t believe firmly in the integrity of the courts and in the jury system but asked the jury would to review without passion the evidence they had heard, come to a decision, and restore this defendant to his family. When the jury returned, not one of them looked at Tom Robinson. The foreman handed a piece of paper. His daughter compared this scene with watching Atticus walk into the street, raise a rifle to his shoulder and pull the trigger, but watching all the time knowing that the gun was empty. The jury unanimously decided that the accused was guilty. Jem’s hands were white from gripping the balcony rail, and his shoulders jerked as if each “guilty” was a separate stab between them. She saw Atticus pushing papers from the table into his briefcase, snapping it shut, going to the court reporter and saying something, nodding to Mr Gilmer. Then he went to Tom Robinson and whispered something to him. He left the court room, but not by his usual exit. He walked quickly down the middle aisle toward the south exit. The Negroes were getting to their feet. Reverend Sykes asked her to stand up because her father was passing.